WordNet

be a student; follow a course of study; be enrolled at an institute of learning
a room used for reading and writing and studying; "he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study"
applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading); "mastering a second language requires a lot of work"; "no schools offer graduate study in interior design" (同)work
a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performers technique; "a study in spiccato bowing"
a state of deep mental absorption; "she is in a deep study"
someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play); "he is a quick study"
give careful consideration to; "consider the possibility of moving" (同)consider
learn by reading books; "He is studying geology in his room"; "I have an exam next week; I must hit the books now" (同)hit the books
think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposes; "He is meditating in his study" (同)meditate, contemplate
cause to flow; "The artist flowed the washes on the paper"
the amount of fluid that flows in a given time (同)flow_rate, rate of flow
any uninterrupted stream or discharge
cover or swamp with water
the act of flowing or streaming; continuous progression (同)stream
the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases) (同)flowing
move or progress freely as if in a stream; "The crowd flowed out of the stadium" (同)flux
be abundantly present; "The champagne flowed at the wedding"
provide with or construct with studs; "stud the wall"
ornament consisting of a circular rounded protuberance (as on a vault or shield or belt) (同)rivet
poker in which each player receives hole cards and the remainder are dealt face up; bets are placed after each card is dealt (同)stud poker
adult male horse kept for breeding (同)studhorse
a man who is virile and sexually active (同)he-man, macho-man
smear with blood, as in a hunting initiation rite, where the face of a person is smeared with the blood of the kill
temperament or disposition; "a person of hot blood"
people viewed as members of a group; "we need more young blood in this organization"
the fluid (red in vertebrates) that is pumped through the body by the heart and contains plasma, blood cells, and platelets; "blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and carries away waste products"; "the ancients believed that blood was the sea
a colorless odorless inert gaseous element occurring in the earths atmosphere in trace amounts (同)Xe, atomic number 54

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(一般に)『勉強』,学習すること / 〈C〉(…の)勉強,研究《+of+名》 / 〈C〉〈U〉(…の)『綿密な調査』,検討《+of+名》 / 〈C〉研究対象(問題,事項);学科 / 〈C〉『書斎』,勉強部屋 / 〈C〉(美術・文学などの)習作,試作,スケッチ,(音楽の)練習曲,エチュード / …‘を'『勉強する』,学ぶ,研究する / …‘を'『よく注意して見る』,しげしげと見る / …‘を'『調査する』,検討する / …‘を'考慮する,配慮する / 〈せりふなど〉‘を'覚えようとする / 『勉強する』,学ぶ,研究する
《副詞巳句始を伴って》〈気体・液体・電気などが〉『流れる』 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈言葉・人々などず〉流れるように続く / 〈心・場所などが〉(…で)いっぱいになる,満ちあふれる《+『with』+『名』》 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈髪・服などが〉長く垂れる;風になびく / 〈潮が〉満ちる / (…から)生じる,発生する《+『from』+『名』》 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(気体・液体・電気などの)『流れ』《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(言葉・人などの)絶え間のない(よどみのない)流れ《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(…の)洪水,はんらん《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《the flow》満ち潮,上げ潮
《おもに米》種馬 / 《集合的に》(一群の)繁殖用動物(種馬,種牛など)
(インテリアなどに用いる)飾りびょう / カフスボタン,カラーボタン / (建物の)間柱 / (…を)…‘に'ちりばめる《+名+with+名》 / …‘に'点在(散在)している / …‘に'間柱をつける
『血』,『血』液 / 流血(bloodshed);殺人 / 気質,気性,血気,血潮 / 『血統』,血縁(kinship);生まれ,家柄;《the~》王家の血統 / (人種・出身国の)系 / 〈人〉‘に'初めての経験をさせる / 〈猟犬〉‘に'初めて獲物を血を味わわせる
キセノン(希ガス元素;化学記号はXe)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 急性虚血性脳卒中に対する再灌流療法 reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke
2. 冠側副循環 coronary collateral circulation
3. 冠動脈圧‐流量測定の臨床使用 clinical use of coronary artery pressure flow measurements
4. 胎児の採血 fetal blood sampling
5. 妊娠に対する母体の心血管系および血行動態の適応 maternal cardiovascular and hemodynamic adaptations to pregnancy

English Journal

Evaluation of cerebrovascular reserve using xenon-enhanced CT scanning in patients with symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis.

Cao W1, Cheng X1, Li H2, Wang L1, Zhang X2, Dong Q3.Author information 1Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai 200040, China.2Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.3Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai 200040, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: dongqiang2222@gmail.com.AbstractCerebrovascular reserve (CVR) is an important prognostic factor in patients with major cerebral arterial steno-occlusive disease. However, few studies have examined CVR in symptomatic intracranial stenosis without ipsilateral extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis. This study sought to evaluate CVR in patients with symptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis using xenon-enhanced computed tomography (Xe/CT) with acetazolamide (ACZ) challenge. Twelve patients with symptomatic MCA stenosis were recruited. All patients were examined by Xe/CT to quantitatively measure resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and received ACZ challenge to evaluate CVR. For resting CBF, no significant differences were found between the sides in four regions of interest. After the ACZ challenge test, the CVR was significantly different between hemispheres (ipsilateral versus contralateral CVR: 12.9 ± 24.3% versus 28.0 ± 16.8%, respectively; p=0.005) and in the MCA territory (ipsilateral versus contralateral CVR: 8.7 ± 24.7% versus 29.3 ± 24%, respectively; p=0.003). However, no significant differences in CVR were detected between cortical comparisons and white matter comparisons from the two sides. Thus, ACZ-challenge Xe/CT is useful for the measurement of CBF and CVR in these patients. Impaired CVR is an important characteristic of patients with symptomatic MCA stenosis.
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia.J Clin Neurosci.2014 Feb;21(2):293-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.04.038. Epub 2013 Nov 12.
Cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) is an important prognostic factor in patients with major cerebral arterial steno-occlusive disease. However, few studies have examined CVR in symptomatic intracranial stenosis without ipsilateral extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis. This study sought to evalua
PMID 24238634

Evaluation of hepatic tissue blood flow using xenon computed tomography with fibrosis progression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: comparison with chronic hepatitis C.

Shigefuku R1, Takahashi H2, Kato M3, Yoshida Y4, Suetani K5, Noguchi Y6, Hatsugai M7, Nakahara K8, Ikeda H9, Kobayashi M10, Matsunaga K11, Matsumoto N12, Okuse C13, Itoh F14, Maeyama S15, Sase S16, Suzuki M17.Author information 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. r2shigefuku@marianna-u.ac.jp.2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. hide-bo@marianna-u.ac.jp.3Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. masaki0801_3@marianna-u.ac.jp.4Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. y3yoshida@marianna-u.ac.jp.5Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. k2suetani@marianna-u.ac.jp.6Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. y2noguchi@marianna-u.ac.jp.7Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. m.h@marianna-u.ac.jp.8Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. nakahara@marianna-u.ac.jp.9Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. ikedahi@marianna-u.ac.jp.10Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. m3kobayashi@marianna-u.ac.jp.11Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. kotarom@marianna-u.ac.jp.12Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. nobu1020@marianna-u.ac.jp.13Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. c2okuse@marianna-u.ac.jp.14Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. fitoh@marianna-u.ac.jp.15Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. shiromaeyama915@msg.biglobe.ne.jp.16Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. sase@anzai-med.co.jp.17Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Kanagawa, Japan. michstmu@marianna-u.ac.jp.AbstractAIMS: The present study evaluated the utility of xenon computed tomography (Xe-CT) as a noninvasive diagnostic procedure for the measurement of hepatic tissue blood flow (TBF) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or chronic hepatitis C (CH-C).
International journal of molecular sciences.Int J Mol Sci.2014 Jan 14;15(1):1026-39. doi: 10.3390/ijms15011026.
AIMS: The present study evaluated the utility of xenon computed tomography (Xe-CT) as a noninvasive diagnostic procedure for the measurement of hepatic tissue blood flow (TBF) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or chronic hepatitis C (CH-C).METHODS: Xe-CT was performed in 93 p
PMID 24424317

Effect of ibudilast on the reciprocal inhibitory visual-vestibular interaction closely related to dizziness after cerebral ischemia.

Inoue N1, Fukuda S2, Inada T2, Sameshima E2, Tokushima Y2, Harada M2.Author information 1Division of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto Neurosurgical Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan. Electronic address: ninoue@knh.co.jp.2Division of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto Neurosurgical Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.AbstractBACKGROUND: Many patients with chronic cerebrovascular diseases suffer dizziness. Our earlier findings suggested that prolonged terms of dizziness episodes may decrease the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the occipital visual cortex via a remote effect from the vestibular cortex.
Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association.J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis.2014 Jan;23(1):51-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2012.09.007. Epub 2012 Oct 22.
BACKGROUND: Many patients with chronic cerebrovascular diseases suffer dizziness. Our earlier findings suggested that prolonged terms of dizziness episodes may decrease the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the occipital visual cortex via a remote effect from the vestibular cortex.METHODS: We st
PMID 23085301

Japanese Journal

骨格筋へのキセノン光の経皮的照射は筋血流量を増加させる

吉田英樹,齋藤茂樹,前田貴哉 [他],佐藤菜奈子,佐藤結衣,小山内太郎,原幹周,成田大一
理学療法科学 29(6), 945-948, 2014
〔目的〕骨格筋へのキセノン光の経皮的照射（Xe光照射）が筋血流量を増加させるか否かを明らにすることとした．〔対象〕健常者13例の左右の下腿三頭筋とした．〔方法〕全対象者に，実験1として安静腹臥位での10分間の左右下腿三頭筋に対するXe光照射，実験2として安静腹臥位保持のみ（コントロール）の2つの実験を日を改めて実施し，各実験実施中の下腿三頭筋の筋血流量を測定した．〔結果〕時間経過に伴う筋血流量に， …
NAID 130004874931

逐次近似SPECT再構成法の^<123>I-IMP局所脳血流量定量への応用 : 最適な再構成法と前処理フィルタの遮断周波数に関する検討

浅津輝,林万寿夫,新井真美 [他],熊井由昌,赤木弘之,岡山勝良,鳴海善文
日本放射線技術學會雜誌 69(5), 535-544, 2013-05-20
… In cerebral blood flow tests using N-Isopropyl-p-[123I] Iodoamphetamine 123I-IMP, quantitative results of greater accuracy than possible using the autoradiography (ARG) method can be obtained with attenuation and scatter correction and image reconstruction by filtered back projection (FBP). …
NAID 10031159481

Early Cerebral Circulatory Disturbance in Patients Suffering Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Prior to the Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm Stage : Xenon Computed Tomography and Perfusion Computed Tomography Study

HONDA Mitsuru,SASE Shigeru,YOKOTA Kyosuke,ICHIBAYASHI Ryo,YOSHIHARA Katsunori,SAKATA Yoshihito,MASUDA Hiroyuki,UEKUSA Hiroyuki,SEIKI Yoshikatsu,KISHI Taichi
Neurologia medico-chirurgica = 神経外科 52(7), 488-494, 2012-07-15
… Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) causes dynamic changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF), and results in delayed ischemia due to vasospasm, and early perfusion deficits before delayed cerebral vasospasm (CVS). … The present study examined the severity of cerebral circulatory disturbance during the early phase before delayed CVS and whether it can be used to predict patient outcome. …
NAID 10030694260