vitallium

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/07/13 17:19:16」(JST)

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Vitallium is a trademark for an alloy of 65% cobalt, 30% chromium, 5% molybdenum, and other substances. The alloy is used in dentistry and artificial joints, because of its resistance to corrosion. It is also used for components of turbochargers because of its thermal resistance. Vitallium was developed by Albert W. Merrick for the Austenal Laboratories in 1932.

In 2016 Norman Sharp, a 91 year old British man, was recognised as having the world's oldest hip replacement implants. The two vitallium implants were implanted in November 1948 at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, under the newly formed NHS. The 67 year old implants had such an unusually long life, partly because they had not required the typical replacement of such implants, but also because of Mr Sharp's young age of 23 when they were implanted, owing to a childhood case of septic arthritis.

For high-temperature use in engines, particularly turbochargers, the first alloy used was Haynes Stellite Nº 21, similar to Vitallium. This was suggested by the British engineer, and denture wearer, Sam Heron during WWII. Although the characteristics of the material obviously suggested itself for making turbocharger blades, it was thought impossible to cast it to the precision needed. Heron demonstrated that it could be, by showing his Vitallium dentures.

References

• Wojnar, L (2001). "Porosity structure and mechanical properties of vitalium-type alloy for implants". Materials Characterization. 46 (2–3): 221–225. doi:10.1016/S1044-5803(01)00127-9. 
• Kaminski, M; Baszkiewicz, J; Kozubowski, J; Bednarska, A; Barcz, A; Gawlik, G; Jagielski, J (1997). "Effect of silicon ion implantation on the properties of a cast Co–Cr–Mo alloy". Journal of Materials Science. 32 (14): 3727–3732. doi:10.1023/A:1018607219482. 

External links

• Articles on Vitallium from DentalArticles.com
• NASA article mentioning Vitallium in turbochargers

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 頭頸部癌患者における下顎および口蓋再建 mandibular and palatal reconstruction in patients with head and neck cancer

English Journal

• Wear and creep behavior of total knee implants undergoing wear testing.

• Teeter MG1, Parikh A2, Taylor M2, Sprague J2, Naudie DD1.
• The Journal of arthroplasty.J Arthroplasty.2015 Jan;30(1):130-4. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2014.08.001. Epub 2014 Aug 7.
• We sought to determine what dimensional changes occurred from wear testing of a total knee implant, as well as any changes within the polyethylene subsurface. Three fixed bearing implants underwent wear simulator testing to 6.1 million cycles. Gravimetric analysis and micro-CT scans were performed p
• PMID 25175057

• Direct in vivo inflammatory cell-induced corrosion of CoCrMo alloy orthopedic implant surfaces.

• Gilbert JL1, Sivan S, Liu Y, Kocagöz SB, Arnholt CM, Kurtz SM.
• Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.J Biomed Mater Res A.2015 Jan;103(1):211-23. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.35165. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
• Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy, used for over five decades in orthopedic implants, may corrode and release wear debris into the body during use. These degradation products may stimulate immune and inflammatory responses in vivo. We report here on evidence of direct inflammatory cell-induc
• PMID 24619511

• Clinical and radiographic evaluation of biodegradable bone plates in the treatment of mandibular body fractures.

• Elhalawany SK1, Tarakji B1, Azzeghaiby S1, Alzoghaibi I2, Baroudi K2, Nassani MZ2.
• Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association.Niger Med J.2015 Jan-Feb;56(1):48-53. doi: 10.4103/0300-1652.149171.
• BACKGROUND: Many different systems are available for the treatment of fractures ranging from the heavy compression plates for mandibular reconstruction to low profile plates for mid-facial fixation, and are made either from stainless steel, titanium or vitallium. Recently, biodegradable, self-reinfo
• PMID 25657494

Japanese Journal

• Long-term survivorship analysis of hip arthroplasty with vitallium mold cup

• PAN HAI-LE,AKIYAMA HARUHIKO,KAWANABE KEIICHI,GOTO KOJI,SO KAZUTAKA,NAKAMURA TAKASHI
• Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association 15(4), 459-462, 2010-07-01
• NAID 10026704526

• 今と昔のインプラント

• 畑 好昭,Hata Yoshiaki
• 明倫歯科保健技工学雑誌 11(1), 3-8, 2008-03-00
• 欠損補綴において,インプラントを利用することによって固定性補綴で修復できることは大変魅力がある.このインプラントの長い歴史を振り返ってみると,今日からみて,実用の面からは殆どが失敗の歴史であった.今日のインプラントをさらに発展させるうえでも過去のインプラントを知ることは有意義である.
• NAID 110007054662

• Cobalt Chromium Sublaminar Wires for Spinal Deformity Surgery

• CLUCK Michael W.,SKAGGS David L.
• Spine 31(19), 2209-2212, 2006-09-01
• NAID 10020589059

Related Links

• Vitallium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Vitallium is a trademark for an alloy of 60% cobalt, 20% chromium, 5% molybdenum, and other substances. The alloy is used in dentistry and artificial joints, because of its light weight and resistance to corrosion. It is also used for components ...

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