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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/16 23:12:11」(JST)

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Visceroptosis (or enteroptosis) is a prolapse or a sinking of the abdominal viscera (internal organs) below their natural position. Any or all of the organs may be displaced downward. When the intestines are involved, the condition is known as enteroptosis; when the stomach is found below its normal position, the term gastroptosis is used. The disease exists in all degrees of severity and may give rise to no symptoms whatsoever. Generally, however, there is loss of appetite, heartburn, nervous indigestion, constipation, or diarrhea, abdominal distention, headache, vertigo, emaciation, and loss of sleep. Any or all of these symptoms may be present. The condition is brought about by loss of muscular tone, particularly of the abdominal muscles, with relaxation of the ligaments which hold the viscera in place. In women, tightlacing has been held to be a frequent cause. The symptoms may be alleviated by supporting the organs with a properly applied bandage, or other similar device. Rest in bed, attention to diet, hygiene, exercise, and general muscular upbuilding will cure the majority of cases. In others operation may become necessary. Visceroptosis is a known risk factor for the development of Superior mesenteric artery syndrome.

Dr. Frantz Glénard (1848-1920)

Visceroptosis is also known as splanchnoptosis, abdominal ptosis, and Glénard's disease (after French physician Frantz Glénard [1848–1920]).

Glénard's test — The examiner, standing behind the patient, places his arms around the patient, so that his hands meet in front of the patient's abdomen; he squeezes and raises the viscera and then allows them to fall suddenly. If the patient feels relieved by the raising pressure and experiences distress on the release, the condition is probably one of splanchnoptosis.^[1] Also called girdle test.

Glénard's theory — The theory that abdominal ptosis is a nutritional disease with atrophy and prolapse of the intestine.

Stiller's theory — The theory that gastroptosis is due to universal asthenia characterized by weakness and laxity of the viscera.

External links

The Visceroptosis Webpage©

References

^ Dorland's Medical Dictionary

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Thurston, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "^{article name needed}". New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.

English Journal

Vaginal prolapse surgery with transvaginal mesh: results of the Austrian registry.

Bjelic-Radisic V1, Aigmueller T, Preyer O, Ralph G, Geiss I, Müller G, Riss P, Klug P, Konrad M, Wagner G, Medl M, Umek W, Lozano P, Tamussino K, Tammaa A; Austrian Urogynecology Working Group.
International urogynecology journal.Int Urogynecol J.2014 Aug;25(8):1047-52. doi: 10.1007/s00192-014-2333-x. Epub 2014 Feb 12.
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Several mesh repair systems for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) were introduced into clinical practice with limited data on safety, complications or success rates, and impact on sexual function. The Austrian Urogynecology Working Group initiated a registry to assess the use
PMID 24519644

Conceptual framework for patient-important treatment outcomes for pelvic organ prolapse.

Sung VW1, Rogers RG, Barber MD, Clark MA.
Neurourology and urodynamics.Neurourol Urodyn.2014 Apr;33(4):414-9. doi: 10.1002/nau.22397. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
AIMS: To develop a comprehensive conceptual framework representing the most important outcomes for women seeking treatment for pelvic organ prolapse (POP).METHODS: Twenty-five women with POP were recruited and participated in four semi-structured focus groups to refine and assess the content validit
PMID 23494653

Analysis of the restorative effect of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model using (1)H-NMR-based metabonomics.

Zheng XF1, Tian JS2, Liu P3, Xing J1, Qin XM1.
Journal of ethnopharmacology.J Ethnopharmacol.2014 Feb 3;151(2):912-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.001. Epub 2013 Dec 12.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang (BT) is a classical formula for the treatment of spleen-qi descending, visceroptosis with hyposplenic qi, uterine prolapse, and rectal prolapse due to chronic diarrhea in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and has been identified as an effective dr
PMID 24333365

Japanese Journal

分娩後に症状の増悪をきたした先天性胆道拡張症の1例

林雅規,折田雅彦,原田剛佑,弘中秀治,守田信義,濱野公一
日本臨床外科学会雑誌 74(12), 3449-3454, 2013
症例は30歳の女性で，分娩前より腹痛と嘔吐を認めていた．分娩2日後に発熱と肝機能障害が出現し，当院に紹介となった．腹部CTで右上腹部に15cmの嚢胞性腫瘤を指摘され，胆嚢捻転症や後腹膜腫瘍等を疑い緊急手術を施行した．胆嚢は肉眼的に正常で，肝下面の巨大な腫瘤は総胆管であった．胆嚢摘出および胆道ドレナージ術のみ施行した．術後の胆道造影で膵胆管合流異常を伴う戸谷Ic型の先天性胆道拡張症と診断した．初回手 …
NAID 130004518584

AN ADULT CASE OF PREDUODENAL PORTAL VEIN

高橋茂樹,川瀬弘一,長島真理子,里見昭,時松秀治,石田清
日本臨床外科医学会雑誌 55(8), 2087-2092, 1994
… PDPV can cause passage disturbance due to a change in bowel movement, increase in portal blood flow, and visceroptosis. …
NAID 130003599302

Three cases of torsion of the gallbladder.

水野洋一,岡田雅之,高野邦雄,榎本眞
医療 43(1), 100-103, 1989
… The postoperative course was satisfactory.The possible predisposing factors of this disease include congenital anomalies of the gallbladder (floating gallbladder), visceroptosis and kyphosis. …
NAID 130004107135