関: vestibular nuclei

WordNet

a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction (同)cell_nucleus, karyon
(astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail
any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
the positively charged dense center of an atom
relating to the sense of equilibrium

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中心,核 / (生物の)細胞核 / 原子核

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/14 21:56:35」(JST)

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The vestibular nuclei are the cranial nuclei for the vestibular nerve.

In Terminologia Anatomica they are grouped in both the pons and the medulla in the brainstem.

Structure

Path

The fibers of the vestibular nerve enter the medulla oblongata on the medial side of those of the cochlear, and pass between the inferior peduncle and the spinal tract of the trigeminal.

They then divide into ascending and descending fibers. The latter end by arborizing around the cells of the medial nucleus, which is situated in the area acustica of the rhomboid fossa. The ascending fibers either end in the same manner or in the lateral nucleus, which is situated lateral to the area acustica and farther from the ventricular floor.

Some of the axons of the cells of the lateral nucleus, and possibly also of the medial nucleus, are continued upward through the inferior peduncle to the roof nuclei of the opposite side of the cerebellum, to which also other fibers of the vestibular root are prolonged without interruption in the nuclei of the medulla oblongata.

A second set of fibres from the medial and lateral nuclei end partly in the tegmentum, while the remainder ascend in the medial longitudinal fasciculus to arborize around the cells of the nuclei of the oculomotor nerve.

Fibres from the lateral vestibular nucleus also pass via the vestibulospinal tract, to anterior horn cells at many levels in the spinal cord, in order to co-ordinate head and trunk movements.

Subnuclei

There are 4 subnuclei; they are situated at the floor of the fourth ventricle.

Name	Location	Notes
medial vestibular nucleus (dorsal or chief vestibular nucleus)	medulla (floor of fourth ventricle)	corresponding to the lower part of the area acustica in the rhomboid fossa;^{[citation needed]} the caudal end of this nucleus is sometimes termed the descending or spinal vestibular nucleus.
lateral vestibular nucleus or nucleus of Deiters	medulla (upper)	consisting of large cells and situated in the lateral angle of the rhomboid fossa; the dorso-lateral part of this nucleus is sometimes termed the nucleus of Bechterew.
inferior vestibular nucleus	medulla (lower)
superior vestibular nucleus	pons

Additional images

Deep dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view.
The cranial nerve nuclei schematically represented; dorsal view. Motor nuclei in red; sensory in blue.
Primary terminal nuclei of the afferent (sensory) cranial nerves schematically represented; lateral view.
Vestibulo-ocular reflex

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

Illustration and text: Bs97/TEXT/P13/intro.htm at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical school
http://www.lib.mcg.edu/edu/eshuphysio/program/section8/8ch6/s8ch6_29.htm
Parkinson.org

UpToDate Contents

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1. 前庭片頭痛 vestibular migraine
2. 前庭神経炎および内耳炎 vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis
3. 前庭神経鞘腫（聴神経腫） vestibular schwannoma acoustic neuroma
4. 回転性めまい患者の評価 evaluation of the patient with vertigo
5. 浮動性めまい患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with dizziness

English Journal

Morphology of the facial motor nuclei in a rat model of autism during early development.

Oyabu A, Tashiro Y, Oyama T, Ujihara K, Ohkawara T, Ida-Eto M, Narita M.SourceDepartment of Anatomy II, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Japan.
International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience.Int J Dev Neurosci.2013 Apr;31(2):138-44. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2012.12.002. Epub 2012 Dec 17.
The development of facial nuclei in animal models of disease is poorly understood, but autism is sometimes associated with facial palsy. In the present study, to investigate migration of facial neurons and initial facial nucleus formation in an animal model of autism, rat embryos were treated with v
PMID 23253376

Postnatal expression of TrkB receptor in rat vestibular nuclear neurons responsive to horizontal and vertical linear accelerations.

Ma CW, Zhang FX, Lai CH, Lai SK, Yung KK, Shum DK, Chan YS.SourceDepartment of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2013 Feb 15;521(3):612-25. doi: 10.1002/cne.23193.
We examined the maturation expression profile of tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) receptor in rat vestibular nuclear neurons that were activated by sinusoidal linear acceleration along the horizontal or vertical axis. The otolithic origin of Fos expression in these neurons was confirmed with labyrinthectomi
PMID 22806574

Topography of Inferior Olivary Neurons that Encode Canal and Otolith Inputs.

Ma CW, Lai CH, Chow BK, Shum DK, Chan YS.SourceDepartment of Physiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
Cerebellum (London, England).Cerebellum.2013 Jan 19. [Epub ahead of print]
Vestibular information arising from rotational head movement and that from translational head movement are detected respectively by the semicircular canal and otolith organ in the inner ear. Spatiotemporal cues are in turn processed by the vestibulo-olivo-cerebellar pathway for sensorimotor coordina
PMID 23328909

Japanese Journal

幼児期のめまい・平衡障害

坂田英明,遠藤まゆみ,加我君孝
Equilibrium research 71(4), 253-263, 2012-08-01
… This type of vertigo reflects ischemia of the vestibular nuclei involving the pons to medulla oblongata. … This disease may reflect ischemia of the tegmentum mesencephali and cajal interstitial nucleus, which are adjacent to the uncertainty zone.The incidence of migraine-related vertigo, including dizziness, is reportedly 50 to 70%. …
NAID 10031026794

聴覚を守る術中持続聴覚モニタリングと蝸牛神経マッピング : 聴神経腫瘍手術と前庭神経切断術での新技術

宮崎日出海,三浦正寛,三浦康士郎,中島正明,中冨浩文
Otology Japan 22(3), 191-197, 2012-07-25
聴覚温存手術のためには、従来の聴性脳幹反応や蝸牛神経活動電位よりも反応が鋭敏で安定して得られ、かつ、手術操作を止めることなく持続的な情報を術者に提示する新たな聴覚モニタリングが必要であると考えた。私どもが開発した術中持続聴覚モニタリング手術の特徴は、モニタリング電位の変化によって蝸牛神経のダメージをリアルタイムに知ることであり、それに従って手術部位や操作を変え、時には電位回復のために全ての操作を中 …
NAID 10030958999

加齢と前庭神経炎後遺症

北原糺,堀井新,久保武,奥村新一
Equilibrium research 67(6), 506-511, 2008-12-01
… Central vestibular compensation after vestibular neuronitis consists of the following stages: inhibition of the contralesional medial vestibular nucleus (contra-MVe) activity in the acute stage after unilateral vestibular dysfunction (UVD) and recovery and maintenance of the spontaneous activity of the ipsilesional MVe (ipsi-MVe) in the chronic stage after UVD. …
NAID 10026087809

「vestibular nuclei」

Vestibular nuclei
	Dissection of brainstem. Dorsal view. (Caption for "Vestibular nucleus" is visible at left.)
Details
Part of	Medulla
System	Vestibular system
Artery	AICA
Identifiers
Latin	nuclei vestibulares
NeuroNames	hier-711
NeuroLex ID	Vestibular nuclear complex
Dorlands; /Elsevier	n_11/12584153
TA	A14.1.04.242; A14.1.05.425
FMA	72239
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]