関: viral upper respiratory tract infection

WordNet

(medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease
(phonetics) the alteration of a speech sound under the influence of a neighboring sound
the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
(international law) illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure
moral corruption or contamination; "ambitious men are led astray by an infection that is almost unavoidable"
an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted (同)contagion, transmission
the topmost one of two
piece of leather or synthetic material that forms the part of a shoe or boot above the sole that encases the foot; "Uppers come in many styles"
higher in place or position; "the upper bunk"; "in the upper center of the picture"; "the upper stories"
superior in rank or accomplishment; "the upper half of the class"
a brief treatise on a subject of interest; published in the form of a booklet (同)pamphlet
an extended area of land (同)piece of land, piece of ground, parcel of land, parcel
a system of body parts that together serve some particular purpose
a drawing created by superimposing a semitransparent sheet of paper on the original image and copying on it the lines of the original image (同)trace
the act of drawing a plan or diagram or outline
the discovery and description of the course of development of something; "the tracing of genealogies"
pertaining to respiration; "respiratory assistance"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(病気の)伝染;感染 / 〈C〉伝染病
(場所・位置が)『上のほうの』,上部の / 『上級の』,上位の / 奥地の,上流の / 靴の甲皮(こうがわ)(かかとより上の部分) / 覚醒剤（これの反意語はdowner：鎮静剤）
広大な土地(地域),(土地・海・空などの)広がり《+of+名》 / (器官の)管,(神経の)索
(おもに宗教・政治などの宣伝用の)小冊子,パンフレット
跡を追うこと,追跡;透写,複写 / 〈C〉 / 透写(複写)によってできたもの(地図・図案など),透写図
呼吸の,呼吸作用の,呼吸のための

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における感冒：診断と臨床的特徴 the common cold in adults diagnosis and clinical features
2. 小児における感冒：臨床的特徴および診断 the common cold in children clinical features and diagnosis
3. 成人における感冒：治療および予防 the common cold in adults treatment and prevention
4. The common cold in children: Management and prevention
5. ウイルス誘発性の喘鳴および喘息：概要 virus induced wheezing and asthma an overview

English Journal

Influenza C virus infection in military recruits-symptoms and clinical manifestation.

Kauppila J1, Rönkkö E, Juvonen R, Saukkoriipi A, Saikku P, Bloigu A, Vainio O, Ziegler T.Author information 1Northern Finland Laboratory Centre, Oulu, Finland.AbstractDue to the lack of rapid diagnostic tests, clinical features of Influenza C virus infections are poorly characterized. Respiratory infections in military recruits in eastern Finland were monitored between July 2004 and December 2005 in order to study the epidemiology and clinical picture of infections caused by this virus. Blood samples were obtained at entry and at the end of the military service, and during each episode of respiratory infection to measure antibody responses against 10 viral and 2 bacterial pathogens. If possible, sputum samples were collected during the acute phase of respiratory infection episodes. Symptoms of the episodes were recorded for comparison of the clinical picture caused by various infectious agents. Infection with influenza C virus was detected in 38 of 892 young men during their service. The virus usually caused a mild upper respiratory tract infection. Most typical clinical features of influenza C virus infection were cough, rhinitis, and hoarseness. A striking difference to infections caused by influenza A virus was the lack of fever. Influenza C virus is an important cause of a respiratory tract infection in army conscripts. Infections with this virus are usually mild but can be complicated in some cases. J. Med. Virol. 86:879-885, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Journal of medical virology.J Med Virol.2014 May;86(5):879-85. doi: 10.1002/jmv.23756. Epub 2013 Sep 30.
Due to the lack of rapid diagnostic tests, clinical features of Influenza C virus infections are poorly characterized. Respiratory infections in military recruits in eastern Finland were monitored between July 2004 and December 2005 in order to study the epidemiology and clinical picture of infectio
PMID 24122799

Epidemiology of viral respiratory tract infections in an outpatient haematology facility.

Mikulska M1, Del Bono V, Gandolfo N, Dini S, Dominietto A, Di Grazia C, Bregante S, Varaldo R, Orsi A, Ansaldi F, Bacigalupo A, Viscoli C.Author information 1Division of Infectious Diseases, San Martino Hospital and University of Genoa, Largo R. Benzi, 10-16132, Genoa, Italy, m.mikulska@unige.it.AbstractViral respiratory tract infections (VRTI) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in haematology patients, particularly after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The incidence, clinical presentation and outcome of symptomatic and asymptomatic VRTI in HSCT outpatient unit were prospectively evaluated during a single influenza season (January-March 2011). Pharyngeal swabs were performed at the first visit and if new symptoms were present. Molecular multiplex assay for 12 respiratory viruses was performed by the regional reference laboratory. Among 264 swabs from 193 outpatients, 58 (22 %) resulted positive for 61 viruses (influenza, n = 20; respiratory syncytial virus [RSV], n = 21; rhinovirus, n = 12; coronavirus, n = 4; adenovirus, n = 3; parainfluenza, n = 1). VRTI were detected more frequently in the presence of symptoms than in asymptomatic patients: 49 out of 162 (30 %) vs. 9 out of 102 (9 %), p < 0.001. Influenza-like illness syndrome (ILI) was significantly associated with a VRTI if compared to other presentations (42 %), while the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control definition was not (30 %). Positive predictive value (PPV) of ILI for influenza was 17 %. Influenza and RSV peak periods were contemporary. Influenza prophylaxis was given to 25 patients following exposure. Low rate of progression from upper to lower respiratory tract infection (approximately 5 % for influenza and RSV), no nosocomial epidemics and no VRTI-related deaths were observed. VRTI are very frequent in high-risk haematology outpatients, but symptoms are aspecific and PPV of ILI is low. Symptoms of influenza and RSV overlap. Thus, microbiological diagnosis and contact preventive measures are crucial. Rather than universal influenza prophylaxis, prompt diagnosis and treatment of only documented infections could be pursued.
Annals of hematology.Ann Hematol.2014 Apr;93(4):669-76. doi: 10.1007/s00277-013-1912-0. Epub 2013 Oct 6.
Viral respiratory tract infections (VRTI) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in haematology patients, particularly after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The incidence, clinical presentation and outcome of symptomatic and asymptomatic VRTI in HSCT outpatient unit were
PMID 24097084

Inhibitory effect of silver nanomaterials on transmissible virus-induced host cell infections.

Lv X1, Wang P2, Bai R2, Cong Y3, Suo S3, Ren X4, Chen C5.Author information 1Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China.2National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China.3Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China.4Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China. Electronic address: renxf@neau.edu.cn.5National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, PR China. Electronic address: chenchy@nanoctr.cn.AbstractCoronaviruses belong to the family Coronaviridae, which primarily cause infection of the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of hosts. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is an economically significant coronavirus that can cause severe diarrhea in pigs. Silver nanomaterials (Ag NMs) have attracted great interests in recent years due to their excellent anti-microorganism properties. Herein, four representative Ag NMs including spherical Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs, NM-300), two kinds of silver nanowires (XFJ011) and silver colloids (XFJ04) were selected to study their inhibitory effect on TGEV-induced host cell infection in vitro. Ag NPs were uniformly distributed, with particle sizes less than 20 nm by characterization of environmental scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. Two types of silver nanowires were 60 nm and 400 nm in diameter, respectively. The average diameter of the silver colloids was approximately 10 nm. TGEV infection induced the occurring of apoptosis in swine testicle (ST) cells, down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, up-regulated the expression of Bax, altered mitochondrial membrane potential, activated p38 MAPK signal pathway, and increased expression of p53 as evidenced by immunofluorescence assays, real-time PCR, flow cytometry and Western blot. Under non-toxic concentrations, Ag NPs and silver nanowires significantly diminished the infectivity of TGEV in ST cells. Moreover, further results showed that Ag NPs and silver nanowires decreased the number of apoptotic cells induced by TGEV through regulating p38/mitochondria-caspase-3 signaling pathway. Our data indicate that Ag NMs are effective in prevention of TGEV-mediated cell infection as a virucidal agent or as an inhibitor of viral entry and the present findings may provide new insights into antiviral therapy of coronaviruses.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2014 Apr;35(13):4195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.01.054. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
Coronaviruses belong to the family Coronaviridae, which primarily cause infection of the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of hosts. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is an economically significant coronavirus that can cause severe diarrhea in pigs. Silver nanomaterials (Ag NMs)
PMID 24524838

Japanese Journal

Coronavirus Infections in Pediatric Outpatients with Febrile Respiratory Tract Infections in Hiroshima, Japan, over a 3-Year Period

Hara Michimaru,Takao Shinichi
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases advpub(0), 2015
… Previously, we conducted a 3-year prospective study to determine the viral causes of acute respiratory tract infections among 495 febrile pediatric outpatients. … We collected 495 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens, and used both real-time PCR assays and viral culture to test each for respiratory viruses other than coronavirus. … one child received a diagnosis of lower respiratory infection; …
NAID 130005069410

CTの3D再構築で声門下腔の狭窄を認めた成人クループの1症例

出嶋仁,川村雅文
日本気管食道科学会会報 66(1), 20-24, 2015
クループ症候群は，種々のウイルス感染を契機として上気道狭窄をきたす小児科領域で広く認識されている病態である。成人では気道の発達に伴い，発症することは非常に稀である。症例は24歳女性，3日前より咽頭痛と咳嗽があり，市販の感冒薬で対応していたが，強い呼吸困難が出現したため救急外来を受診した。吸気性喘鳴，嗄声，犬吠様咳嗽があり，マルチスライスCT (multidetector computed tomo …
NAID 130004915934

Comparison of Antiviral Activity between IgA and IgG Specific to Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin: Increased Potential of IgA for Heterosubtypic Immunity

Muramatsu Mieko,Yoshida Reiko,Yokoyama Ayaka,Miyamoto Hiroko,Kajihara Masahiro,Maruyama Junki,Nao Naganori,Manzoor Rashid,Takada Ayato
Plos one 9(1), 2014-01-17
… Both IgA and IgG antibodies are known to play important roles in protection against influenza virus infection. … While IgG is the major isotype induced systemically, IgA is predominant in mucosal tissues, including the upper respiratory tract. … Electron microscopy revealed that S139/1 IgA deposited newly produced viral particles on the cell surface, most likely by tethering the particles. …
NAID 120005425353

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ウイルス性上気道感染症」「viral upper respiratory tract infection」
関連記事	「respiratory」「infection」「tracing」「viral」「upper」