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any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"

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蛋白(たんばく)質

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/01/08 18:43:56」(JST)

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Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2

An uncoupling protein is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that can dissipate the proton gradient before it can be used^{[clarification needed]} to provide the energy for oxidative phosphorylation.^[1]

There are five types known in mammals:

UCP1, also known as thermogenin
UCP2
UCP3
SLC25A27, also known as "UCP4"
SLC25A14, also known as "UCP5"

Uncoupling proteins play a role in normal physiology, as in cold exposure or hibernation, because the energy is used to generate heat (see thermogenesis) instead of producing ATP. However, other substances such as 2,4-dinitrophenol and CCCP also serve the same uncoupling function, and are considered poisonous. Salicylic acid is also an uncoupling agent and will decrease production of ATP and increase body temperature if taken in excess.^[2] Uncoupling proteins are increased by thyroid hormone, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and leptin.^[3]

References

^ Nedergaard J, Ricquier D, Kozak LP (2005). "Uncoupling proteins: current status and therapeutic prospects". EMBO Rep. 6 (10): 917–21. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400532. PMC 1369193. PMID 16179945.
^ "California Poison Control System: Salicylates".
^ Gong DW, He Y, Karas M, Reitman M (1997). "Uncoupling protein-3 is a mediator of thermogenesis regulated by thyroid hormone, β3-adrenergic agonists, and leptin". J Biol Chem 272 (39): 24129–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.39.24129. PMID 9305858.

External links

Uncoupling Agents at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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English Journal

3D brown adipogenesis to create "Brown-Fat-in-Microstrands".

Unser AM1, Mooney B1, Corr DT2, Tseng YH3, Xie Y4.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2016 Jan;75:123-34. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.017. Epub 2015 Oct 8.
The ability of brown adipocytes (fat cells) to dissipate energy as heat shows great promise for the treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders. Employing pluripotent stem cells, with an emphasis on directed differentiation, may overcome many issues currently associated with primary fat cell
PMID 26496384

Proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β suppresses cold-induced thermogenesis in adipocytes.

Goto T1, Naknukool S2, Yoshitake R2, Hanafusa Y2, Tokiwa S2, Li Y2, Sakamoto T2, Nitta T2, Kim M2, Takahashi N1, Yu R3, Daiyasu H4, Seno S4, Matsuda H4, Kawada T5.
Cytokine.Cytokine.2016 Jan;77:107-14. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.11.001. Epub 2015 Nov 7.
In this study, we investigated the effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a typical proinflammatory cytokine on the β-adrenoreceptor-stimulated induction of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in adipocytes. IL-1β mRNA expression levels were upregulated in white adipose tissues of obese mice and
PMID 26556104

JAK2 promotes brown adipose tissue function and is required for diet- and cold-induced thermogenesis in mice.

Shi SY1,2, Zhang W1,3, Luk CT1,2, Sivasubramaniyam T1,2, Brunt JJ1,2, Schroer SA1, Desai HR1,4, Majerski A1, Woo M5,6,7.
Diabetologia.Diabetologia.2016 Jan;59(1):187-96. doi: 10.1007/s00125-015-3786-2. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Non-shivering thermogenesis in adipose tissue can be activated by excessive energy intake or following cold exposure. The molecular mechanisms regulating this activation have not been fully elucidated. The Janus kinase (JAK) - signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)
PMID 26515423

Japanese Journal

Capric Acid Up-Regulates UCP3 Expression without PDK4 Induction in Mouse C2C12 Myotubes

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 62(1), 32-39, 2016
NAID 130005148603

Fish oil intake induces UCP1 upregulation in brown and white adipose tissue via the sympathetic nervous system.

Scientific reports 5, 2015-12-17
NAID 120005690138

Adaptive expression of uncoupling protein 1 in the carp liver and kidney in response to changes in ambient temperature.

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology 185, 142-149, 2015-04-10
NAID 120005623243

「脱共役蛋白質」

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英: uncoupling protein、UCP
関: 脱共役タンパク質

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「UCP」

　　[★] 脱共役蛋白質 uncoupling protein

「uncoupling」

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脱共役

関: decoupling、uncouple、uncoupled

[pmid16179945-1] Nedergaard J, Ricquier D, Kozak LP (2005). "Uncoupling proteins: current status and therapeutic prospects". EMBO Rep. 6 (10): 917–21. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400532. PMC 1369193. PMID 16179945.

[2] "California Poison Control System: Salicylates".

[3] Gong DW, He Y, Karas M, Reitman M (1997). "Uncoupling protein-3 is a mediator of thermogenesis regulated by thyroid hormone, β3-adrenergic agonists, and leptin". J Biol Chem 272 (39): 24129–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.39.24129. PMID 9305858.

リンク元	「脱共役蛋白質」「UCP」
関連記事	「uncoupling」

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uncoupling protein