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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/08/21 22:28:12」(JST)

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Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2

An uncoupling protein is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that can dissipate the proton gradient before it can be used to provide the energy for oxidative phosphorylation.^[1]

There are five types known in mammals:

UCP1, also known as thermogenin
UCP2
UCP3
SLC25A27, also known as "UCP4"
SLC25A14, also known as "UCP5"

Uncoupling proteins play a role in normal physiology, as in cold exposure or hibernation, because the energy is used to generate heat (see thermogenesis) instead of producing ATP. However, other substances such as 2,4-dinitrophenol and CCCP also serve the same uncoupling function, and are considered poisonous. Salicylic acid is also an uncoupling agent and will decrease production of ATP and increase body temperature if taken in excess.^[2] Uncoupling proteins are increased by thyroid hormone, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and leptin.^[3]

References

^ Nedergaard J, Ricquier D, Kozak LP (2005). "Uncoupling proteins: current status and therapeutic prospects". EMBO Rep. 6 (10): 917–21. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400532. PMC 1369193. PMID 16179945.
^ "California Poison Control System: Salicylates".
^ Gong DW, He Y, Karas M, Reitman M (1997). "Uncoupling protein-3 is a mediator of thermogenesis regulated by thyroid hormone, β3-adrenergic agonists, and leptin". J Biol Chem 272 (39): 24129–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.39.24129.

External links

Uncoupling Agents at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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Triclosan is a mitochondrial uncoupler in live zebrafish.

Shim J1, Weatherly LM1,2, Luc RH1, Dorman MT1, Neilson A3, Ng R3, Kim CH1,2, Millard PJ1,2,4, Gosse JA5,6.
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Triclosan (TCS) is a synthetic antimicrobial agent used in many consumer goods at millimolar concentrations. As a result of exposure, TCS has been detected widely in humans. We have recently discovered that TCS is a proton ionophore mitochondrial uncoupler in multiple types of living cells. Here, we
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Molecular mechanism of (18)F-FDG uptake reduction induced by genipin in T47D cancer cell and role of uncoupling protein-2 in cancer cell glucose metabolism.

Cho YS1, Lee JH2, Jung KH2, Park JW2, Moon SH2, Choe YS2, Lee KH3.
Nuclear medicine and biology.Nucl Med Biol.2016 Oct;43(10):587-92. doi: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.06.001. Epub 2016 Jun 7.
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Metabolic programming of a beige adipocyte phenotype by genistein.

Aziz SA1, Wakeling LA2, Miwa S1, Alberdi G3, Hesketh JE1, Ford D4.
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Japanese Journal

Acetate alters expression of genes involved in beige adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells and obese KK-Ay mice

Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ　ｏｆ　Ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌ　Ｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ　ａｎｄ　Ｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎ 59(3), 207-214, 2016
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γ-Mangostin from <i>Garcinia Mangostana</i> Pericarps as a Dual Agonist That Activates Both PPARα and PPARδ

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 77(12), 2430-2435, 2013
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1,2-Naphthoquinone suppresses lipopolysaccharide-dependent activation of IKKβ/NF-κB/NO signaling : an alternative mechanism for the disturbance of inducible NO synthase-catalyzed NO formation