WordNet
- free from constraint; "he was unconstrained by any of the sanctions of polite society"; "the dog was unconstrained"; "idle, unconstrained gossip"
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English Journal
- Toward integrated scene text reading.
- Weinman JJ1, Butler Z1, Knoll D1, Feild J2.Author information 1Grinnell College, Grinnell.2University of Massachusetts, Amherst.AbstractThe growth in digital camera usage combined with a worldly abundance of text has translated to a rich new era for a classic problem of pattern recognition, reading. While traditional document processing often faces challenges such as unusual fonts, noise, and unconstrained lexicons, scene text reading amplifies these challenges and introduces new ones such as motion blur, curved layouts, perspective projection, and occlusion among others. Reading scene text is a complex problem involving many details that must be handled effectively for robust, accurate results. In this work, we describe and evaluate a reading system that combines several pieces, using probabilistic methods for coarsely binarizing a given text region, identifying baselines, and jointly performing word and character segmentation during the recognition process. By using scene context to recognize several words together in a line of text, our system gives state-of-the-art performance on three difficult benchmark data sets.
- IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence.IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell.2014 Feb;36(2):375-87. doi: 10.1109/TPAMI.2013.126.
- The growth in digital camera usage combined with a worldly abundance of text has translated to a rich new era for a classic problem of pattern recognition, reading. While traditional document processing often faces challenges such as unusual fonts, noise, and unconstrained lexicons, scene text readi
- PMID 24356356
- Female mating preferences and offspring survival: testing hypotheses on the genetic basis of mate choice in a wild lekking bird.
- Sardell RJ, Kempenaers B, Duval EH.Author information Florida State University, Department of Biological Science, 319 Stadium Dr., Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4295, USA.AbstractIndirect benefits of mate choice result from increased offspring genetic quality, and may be important drivers of female behaviour. "Good-genes-for-viability" models predict that females prefer mates of high additive genetic value, such that offspring survival should correlate with male attractiveness. Mate choice may also vary with genetic diversity (e.g. heterozygosity) or compatibility (e.g. relatedness), where the female's genotype influences choice. The relative importance of these non-exclusive hypotheses remains unclear. Leks offer an excellent opportunity to test their predictions, because lekking males provide no material benefits and choice is relatively unconstrained by social limitations. Using 12 years of data on lekking lance-tailed manakins, Chiroxiphia lanceolata, we tested whether patterns of mate choice correlated with offspring survival. Offspring recruitment weakly increased with father attractiveness (measured as reproductive success, RS) suggesting attractive alphas provide, if anything, only minor benefits via offspring viability. Both male RS and offspring survival until fledging increased with male heterozygosity. However, despite parent-offspring correlation in heterozygosity, offspring survival was unrelated to its own or maternal heterozygosity or to parental relatedness, suggesting survival was not enhanced by heterozygosity per se. Instead, offspring survival benefits may reflect inheritance of specific alleles or non-genetic effects. Although inbreeding depression in male RS should select for inbreeding avoidance, mates were not less related than expected under random mating. Although mate heterozygosity and relatedness were correlated, selection on mate choice for heterozygosity appeared stronger than that for relatedness, and may be the primary mechanism maintaining genetic variation in this system despite directional sexual selection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
- Molecular ecology.Mol Ecol.2014 Jan 2. doi: 10.1111/mec.12652. [Epub ahead of print]
- Indirect benefits of mate choice result from increased offspring genetic quality, and may be important drivers of female behaviour. "Good-genes-for-viability" models predict that females prefer mates of high additive genetic value, such that offspring survival should correlate with male attractivene
- PMID 24383885
- Reduced effects of tendon vibration with increased task demand during active, cyclical ankle movements.
- Floyd LM, Holmes TC, Dean JC.Author information Division of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 77 President St., MSC700, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.AbstractTendon vibration can alter proprioceptive feedback, one source of sensory information which humans can use to produce accurate movements. However, the effects of tendon vibration during functional movement vary depending on the task. For example, ankle tendon vibration has considerably smaller effects during walking than standing posture. The purpose of this study was to test whether the effects of ankle tendon vibration are predictably influenced by the mechanical demands of a task, as quantified by peak velocity. Twelve participants performed symmetric, cyclical ankle plantar flexion/dorsiflexion movements while lying prone with their ankle motion unconstrained. The prescribed movement period (1, 3 s) and peak-to-peak amplitude (10°, 15°, 20°) were varied across trials; shorter movement periods or larger amplitudes increased the peak velocity. In some trials, vibration was continuously and simultaneously applied to the right ankle plantar flexor and dorsiflexor tendons, while the left ankle tendons were never vibrated. The vibration frequency (40, 80, 120, 160 Hz) was varied across trials. During trials without vibration, participants accurately matched the movement of their ankles. The application of 80 Hz vibration to the right ankle tendons significantly reduced the amplitude of right ankle movement. However, the effect of vibration was smaller during more mechanically demanding (i.e., higher peak velocity) movements. Higher vibration frequencies had larger effects on movement accuracy, possibly due to parallel increases in vibration amplitude. These results demonstrate that the effects of ankle tendon vibration are dependent on the mechanical demand of the task being performed, but cannot definitively identify the underlying physiological mechanism.
- Experimental brain research.Exp Brain Res.2014 Jan;232(1):283-92. doi: 10.1007/s00221-013-3739-2. Epub 2013 Oct 18.
- Tendon vibration can alter proprioceptive feedback, one source of sensory information which humans can use to produce accurate movements. However, the effects of tendon vibration during functional movement vary depending on the task. For example, ankle tendon vibration has considerably smaller effec
- PMID 24136344
Japanese Journal
- Extended Block-Lifting-Based Lapped Transforms
- Suzuki Taizo,Kudo Hiroyuki
- IEEE signal processing letters 22(10), 1657-1660, 2015-10
- … In contrast, XBL-LT is DCT-unconstrained and hence also embodies the DCT-constrained form. … The both DCT-constrained and unconstrained XBL-LTs perform well at lossy-to-lossless image coding which has scalability from lossless data to lossy data. …
- NAID 120005611476
- オフィス活動を無拘束モニタリングする知的情報空間システムの開発 : コミュニケーション行動と作業状況の自動推定について (パターン認識・メディア理解)
- 藤田 欣也,中山 雅野,村田 裕章 [他]
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 114(454), 215-220, 2015-02-19
- NAID 40020395412
- オフィス活動を無拘束モニタリングする知的情報空間システムの開発 : コミュニケーション行動と作業状況の自動推定について (クラウドネットワークロボット)
- 藤田 欣也,中山 雅野,村田 裕章 [他]
- 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 = IEICE technical report : 信学技報 114(455), 215-220, 2015-02-19
- NAID 40020394826
Related Links
- unconstrainedとは。意味や和訳。[形容詞]1 拘束[強制]されない,自由な;自由意志による,自発的な.2 〈態度などが〉落ち着いた,のびのびした,くつろいだ.unconstrainedly [副詞] - 80万項目以上収録、例文・コロケーションが豊富な ...
- Unconstrained definition, forced, compelled, or obliged: a constrained confession. See more. Dictionary.com Word of the Day Translate Games Blog Thesaurus.com Favorites Dictionary.com Thesaurus.com My Account CITE ...
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