WordNet

a quadrilateral with no parallel sides
the wrist bone on the thumb side of the hand that articulates with the 1st and 2nd metacarpals (同)trapezium_bone, os trapezium
a swelling that is the characteristic lesion of tuberculosis
a multiple star in the constellation of Orion

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《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
《米》不等辺四辺形 / 《英》台形
小塊茎,塊根 / 瘤状突起,結節
OLD French古[代]フランス語

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/02 01:32:33」(JST)

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The trapezium bone (greater multangular bone) is a carpal bone in the wrist. It forms the radial border of the carpal tunnel.

Structure

The trapezium is distinguished by a deep groove on its anterior surface. It is situated at the radial side of the carpus, between the scaphoid and the first metacarpal bone (the metacarpal bone of the thumb). It is homologous with the first distal carpal of reptiles and amphibians.

Surfaces

The trapezium is an irregularly-shaped carpal bone found within the hand. The trapezium is found within the distal row of carpal bones, and is directly adjacent to the metacarpal bone of the thumb. On its ulnar surface are found the trapezoid and scaphoid bones.^[1]^:708

The superior surface is directed upward and medialward; medially it is smooth, and articulates with the scaphoid; laterally it is rough and continuous with the lateral surface.

The inferior surface is oval, concave from side to side, convex from before backward, so as to form a saddle-shaped surface for articulation with the base of the first metacarpal bone. This saddle-shaped articulation is partially responsible for the thumb's opposable motion.

The dorsal surface is smooth.

The palmar surface is narrow and rough. At its upper part is a deep groove, running from above obliquely downward and medialward; it transmits the tendon of the Flexor carpi radialis, and is bounded laterally by an oblique ridge. This surface gives origin to the Opponens pollicis and to the Abductor and Flexor pollicis brevis; it also affords attachment to the transverse carpal ligament.

The lateral surface is broad and rough, for the attachment of ligaments.

The medial surface presents two facets; the upper, large and concave, articulates with the trapezoid bone; the lower, small and oval, with the base of the second metacarpal.

Tubercle of trapezium

The tubercle of trapezium is a tubercle found on the anterior surface of the bone.^[1]^:708 It is where sometimes abductor pollicis brevis muscle attaches.

Function

The carpal bones function as a unit to provide a bony superstructure for the hand. The trapezium is the most radial of the bones surrounding the carpal tunnel.^[1]^:708 It is important in thumb movement.^[2]

Clinical relevance

The trapezium is susceptible to arthritis at the joint with the metacarpal bone of the thumb, due to overuse.^[2]

History

The etymology derives from the Greek trapezion which means "a little table", from trapeza meaning "table", itself from (te)tra- "four" and pod- "foot". The bone was first documented in 1840.^[3]

Additional images

Position of trapezium (shown in red). Left hand. Animation.
Trapezium of the left hand. The hook-like process is called hamulus.
Trapezium bone.
Right hand posterior view (dorsal view). Thumb on bottom.
Right hand anterior view (palmar view). Thumb on top.
Bones of the left hand. Palmar surface. Trapezium shown in yellow.
Bones of the left hand. Dorsal surface. Trapezium shown in yellow.
Cross section of wrist (thumb on left). Trapezium shown in red (labelled as "Greater Multang").
Transverse section across the wrist and digits. Trapezium is shown in yellow (labelled as "Greater Multang").
Ligaments of wrist. Anterior view
Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul (2005). Gray's anatomy for students. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-8089-2306-0.
^ ^a ^b Eathorne, SW (Mar 2005). "The wrist: clinical anatomy and physical examination--an update.". Primary care 32 (1): 17–33. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2004.11.009. PMID 15831311.
^ Harper, Douglas. "Trapezium". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 5 January 2014.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 手首の解剖学および基本的な生体力学 anatomy and basic biomechanics of the wrist
2. 大菱形骨骨折 trapezium fractures
3. 小児における脛骨近位部骨折 proximal tibial fractures in children
4. 甲状腺の外科解剖学 surgical anatomy of the thyroid gland
5. 急性の手首の疼痛を有する成人患者の評価 evaluation of the adult with acute wrist pain

English Journal

Determination of the Central Axis of the Scaphoid.

Heaton DJ1, Trumble T2, Rhodes D3.
Journal of wrist surgery.J Wrist Surg.2015 Aug;4(3):214-20. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1556857.
Purpose Determine the central axis of the scaphoid and its relation to surrounding anatomic landmarks to facilitate internal fixation of the scaphoid. Methods Seventeen cadaveric dissections of the wrist were performed. Measurements of the height and width of the proximal pole, waist, and distal
PMID 26261749

Occult fractures of the scaphoid: the role of ultrasonography in the emergency department.

Platon A1, Poletti PA, Van Aaken J, Fusetti C, Della Santa D, Beaulieu JY, Becker CD.
Skeletal radiology.Skeletal Radiol.2011 Jul;40(7):869-75. doi: 10.1007/s00256-010-1086-y. Epub 2011 Jan 1.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate ultrasonography (US) performed by an emergency radiologist in patients with clinical suspicion of scaphoid fracture and normal radiographs.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-two consecutive adult patients admitted to our emergency department with clinical suspicion of scaphoid fract
PMID 21197533

[Acute traumatic dislocation of the trapeziometacarpal joint treated by percutaneous pinning. Review of six cases].

Amar MF1, Loudyi D, Chbani B, Daoudi A, Boutayeb F.
Chirurgie de la main.Chir Main.2009 Apr;28(2):82-6. doi: 10.1016/j.main.2008.12.008. Epub 2009 Feb 10.
The authors report a series of six cases of acute traumatic dislocation of the trapeziometacarpal joint of the thumb. Displacement was always dorso-radial. There were associated osseous lesions in one patient: avulsion of the palmar tubercle of the base of the first metacarpal with a fracture of the
PMID 19246232

Japanese Journal

母指の手根中手関節,中手指節関節,指節間関節の骨の形態に関する研究

岡山医学会雑誌 94(5・6), p393-404, 1982-06
NAID 120002306285

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「大菱形骨結節」
関連記事	「tubercle」

「大菱形骨結節」

Trapezium
	Left hand anterior view (palmar view). Trapezium shown in red.
	The left trapezium bone
Details
Latin	Os trapezium, os multangulum majus
Articulations	1st metacarpal distally; scaphoid proximally; trapezoid medially; 2nd metacarpal medially
Identifiers
Gray's	p.225
MeSH	A02.835.232.087.319.150.800
Dorlands; /Elsevier	o_07/12598800
TA	A02.4.08.008
FMA	23721
	Anatomical terms of bone