トリプシンインヒビター、トリプシン阻害薬、トリプシン阻害剤

WordNet

limit, block, or decrease the action or function of; "inhibit the action of the enzyme"; "inhibit the rate of a chemical reaction"
control and refrain from showing; of emotions, desires, impulses, or behavior (同)bottle up, suppress
limit the range or extent of; "Contact between the young was inhibited by strict social customs"
a substance that retards or stops an activity
an enzyme of pancreatic origin; catalyzes the hydrolysis of proteins to smaller polypeptide units

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/09/17 09:25:38」(JST)

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A trypsin inhibitor is a type of serine protease inhibitor that reduces the biological activity of trypsin. Trypsin is an enzyme involved in the breakdown of many different proteins, including as part of digestion in humans and other animals. As a result, protease inhibitors that interfere with its activity can have a nutritional effect.

Major commercial sources
Source	Inhibitor	Molecular weight	Inhibitory power	Details
Blood plasma	α₁-antitrypsin	52 kDa		Also known as serum trypsin inhibitor
Lima beans		8–10 kDa	2.2 times weight	A mixture of six different inhibitors
Bovine pancreas and lung	Aprotinin	6.5 kDa	2.5 times weight	Also known as BPTI (basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) and Kunitz inhibitor. Best-known pancreatic inhibitor. Inhibits several different serine proteases
Raw avain egg white	Ovomucin	8–10 kDa	1.2 times weight	The ovomucoids are a mixture of several different glycoprotein protease inhibitors
Soybeans		20.7–22.3 kDa	1.2 times weight	A mixture of several different inhibitors. All also bind chymotrypsin to a lesser degree.

A study revealing that a protease inhibitor from the eggs of the freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata, interacting as a trypsin inhibitor with the protease of potential predators, was reported in 2010, the first direct evidence for this mechanism in the animal kingdom.^[1]

Clinical significance

The peptide tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI), has been used as a marker of mucinous ovarian carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. TATI is metabolised by the kidneys and is, thus, elevated in patients with renal failure. It may be elevated in nonneoplastic processes such as pancreatitis and can be used as a prognostic marker in this setting (levels above 70 micrograms/L are associated with poor prognosis).

Fifty percent of stage I mucinous ovarian carcinomas are associated with elevated TATI, and nearly 100% of stage IV tumors show elevated TATI.

Eighty-five to 95% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas are associated with increased TATI (but elevation in pancreatitis limits the clinical utility of TATI in this setting; see above).

Sixty percent of gastric adenocarcinomas show elevated TATI, in particular tumors of diffusely infiltrative/signet ring type. TATI, thus, complements CEA, which is elevated exclusively in intestinal type adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

In urothelial carcinoma, TATI expression varies with stage, ranging from 20% in low-stage tumors to 80% of high-stage tumors.

TATI sensitivity in the setting of renal cell carcinoma is approximately 70%. Elevated TATI is more likely to be see in patients with advanced-stage disease.

In nearly all tumor types studied, TATI is a marker of poor prognosis.^[2]

References

^ Dreon M. S., Ituarte S. & Heras H. (2010). "The Role of the Proteinase Inhibitor Ovorubin in Apple Snail Eggs Resembles Plant Embryo Defense against Predation". PLoS ONE 5(12): e15059. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015059.
^ De Mais, Daniel. ASCP Quick Compendium of Clinical Pathology, 2nd Ed. ASCP Press 2009.

Jones et al., Biochem., 2, 66, (1963)
Lineweaver and Murray JBC, 171, 565 (1947)
Kunitz and Northrop J. Gen. Physiol., 19, 991 (1936)
Fraenkel-Conrat, et al., Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 37, 393 (1952)
Frattali, V., and Steiner, R.: Biochem., 7, 521 (1968)

External links

Trypsin inhibitors at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児および思春期における慢性膵炎の原因 causes of chronic pancreatitis in children and adolescents
2. 急性膵炎の発症機序 pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis
3. 遺伝性膵炎 hereditary pancreatitis
4. 穀物アレルギー：アレルゲンおよび穀物の分類 grain allergy allergens and grain classification
5. 食物アレルゲンの分子機能 molecular features of food allergens

English Journal

Urinary trypsin inhibitor reduced neointimal hyperplasia induced by systemic inflammation after balloon injury in rabbits.

Kong J, Zhang J, Li L, Jiang G, Wang X, Liu X, Yu B.SourceDepartment of Emergency, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, P. R. China, kongjunying@163.com.
Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.].Inflamm Res.2013 Feb;62(2):173-9. doi: 10.1007/s00011-012-0568-x. Epub 2012 Oct 27.
OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) on the regulation of inflammatory cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the reduction of neointimal formation in rabbits.METHODS AND RESULTS: Rabbits subjected to iliac artery balloon injury
PMID 23104275

Detoxification and anti-nutrients reduction of Jatropha curcas seed cake by Bacillus fermentation.

Phengnuam T, Suntornsuk W.SourceDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering.J Biosci Bioeng.2013 Feb;115(2):168-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.08.017. Epub 2012 Sep 24.
Jatropha curcas seed cake is a by-product generated from oil extraction of J. curcas seed. Although it contains a high amount of protein, it has phorbol esters and anti-nutritional factors such as phytate, trypsin inhibitor, lectin and saponin. It cannot be applied directly in the food or animal fee
PMID 23014183

Japanese Journal

Industrial Info. ジャガイモ由来トリプシンインヒビターの応用

鍔田仁人,友澤寛,山口和也
細胞 45(8), 396-399, 2013-07
NAID 40019742423

Effect of Poly-L-arginine on Intestinal Absorption of Hydrophilic Macromolecules in Rats

八巻努,内田昌希,桑原佑介,島崎洋平,大竹一男,木村光利,内田博之,小林順,荻原政彦,森本雍憲,夏目秀視
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 36(3), 496-500, 2013-03
… The factors responsible for the segment-specific differences were also investigated by intestinal absorption studies using aprotinin, a trypsin inhibitor, and an analysis of the expression of occludin, a tight junction protein. …
NAID 120005352591

Detoxification and anti-nutrients reduction of Jatropha curcas seed cake by Bacillus fermentation(MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY)

Phengnuam Thanyarat,Suntornsuk Worapot
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 115(2), 168-172, 2013-02
… Although it contains a high amount of protein, it has phorbol esters and anti-nutritional factors such as phytate, trypsin inhibitor, lectin and saponin. … After fermentation, phorbol esters, phytate and trypsin inhibitor were reduced by 62%, 42% and 75%, respectively, while lectin could not be eliminated. …
NAID 110009592565

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「トリプシンインヒビター」「トリプシン阻害剤」「トリプシン阻害薬」
拡張検索	「Bowman-Birk soybean trypsin inhibitor」「Kunitz soybean trypsin inhibitor」「Kazal pancreatic trypsin inhibitor」「α1-trypsin inhibitor」
関連記事	「inhibit」「inhibitor」