WordNet

used to signify the Union forces in the American Civil War (who wore blue uniforms); "a ragged blue line"
blue color or pigment; resembling the color of the clear sky in the daytime; "he had eyes of bright blue" (同)blueness
any of numerous small butterflies of the family Lycaenidae
blue clothing; "she was wearing blue"
any organization or party whose uniforms or badges are blue; "the Union army was a vast blue"
of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky; "Octobers bright blue weather"- Helen Hunt Jackson; "a blue flame"; "blue haze of tobacco smoke" (同)bluish, blueish
causing dejection; "a blue day"; "the dark days of the war"; "a week of rainy depressing weather"; "a disconsolate winter landscape"; "the first dismal dispiriting days of November"; "a dark gloomy day"; "grim rainy weather" (同)dark, dingy, disconsolate, dismal, gloomy, grim, sorry, drab, drear, dreary
suggestive of sexual impropriety; "a blue movie"; "blue jokes"; "he skips asterisks and gives you the gamy details"; "a juicy scandal"; "a naughty wink"; "naughty words"; "racy anecdotes"; "a risque story"; "spicy gossip" (同)gamy, gamey, juicy, naughty, racy, risque, spicy
morally rigorous and strict; "the puritan work ethic"; "puritanic distaste for alcohol"; "she was anything but puritanical in her behavior" (同)puritanic, puritanical
turn blue
a state of depression; "he had a bad case of the blues" (同)blue devils, megrims, vapors, vapours
a type of folksong that originated among Black Americans at the beginning of the 20th century; has a melancholy sound from repeated use of blue notes
a process that makes something blue (or bluish) (同)blueing
used to whiten laundry or hair or give it a bluish tinge (同)blueing, blue

PrepTutorEJDIC

『青い』,あい色の / 青黒い / 《話》陰気な,憂うつな / 〈U〉『青色』,あい色;青色の着物 / 〈U〉〈C〉青色絵の具,あい色染料 / 《the~》《詩》青空,青い海 / 《the blues》《話》気のふさぎ,うれいの色 / 《the blues》《ときに単数扱い》(ジャズ音楽の)ブルース / …'を'青色にする
= bluing

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/28 13:34:02」(JST)

wiki en

Trypan blue is a vital stain used to selectively colour dead tissues or cells blue. It is a diazo dye.

Live cells or tissues with intact cell membranes are not coloured. Since cells are very selective in the compounds that pass through the membrane, in a viable cell trypan blue is not absorbed; however, it traverses the membrane in a dead cell. Hence, dead cells are shown as a distinctive blue colour under a microscope. Since live cells are excluded from staining, this staining method is also described as a dye exclusion method. This dye may be a cause of certain birth defects such as encephalocele.

Background & chemistry

Trypan blue is derived from toluidine, that is, any of several isomeric bases, C₁₄H₁₆N₂, derived from toluene. Trypan blue is so-called because it can kill trypanosomes, the parasites that cause sleeping sickness. An analog of trypan blue, suramin is used pharmacologically against trypanosomiasis. Trypan blue is also known as diamine blue and Niagara blue.

Trypan red and Trypan blue were first synthesized by the German scientist Paul Ehrlich in 1904.

Uses of trypan blue

Observation with an optical microscope of Hyaloperonospora parasitica within a leaf of Arabidopsis thaliana by using the trypan blue staining.

Trypan blue is commonly used in microscopy (for cell counting) and in laboratory mice for assessment of tissue viability. The method cannot distinguish between necrotic and apoptotic cells.

It may be used to observe fungal hyphae and Stramenopiles.

References

Chapter "Detection of Caspase Activation Combined with Other Probes of Apoptosis", Eurekah Bioscience Collection, NCBI bookshelf
Protocol for use of the dye from Northwestern University (PDF)

Synonyms

Azidine Blue 3B
Benzamine Blue 3B
Benzo Blue 3B
Chlorazol Blue 3B
Diamine Blue 3B
Dianil Blue H3G
Direct Blue 14
Niagara Blue 3B

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Trypan_blue_staining

UpToDate Contents

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1. 虚血プレコンディショニングの臨床的意義 clinical implications of ischemic preconditioning

English Journal

TRPV3 Channel Negatively Regulates Cell Cycle Progression and Safeguards the Pluripotency of Embryonic Stem Cells.

Lo IC1, Chan HC1, Qi Z1, Ng KL1, So C1, Tsang SY1,2,3,4.
Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2016 Feb;231(2):403-13. doi: 10.1002/jcp.25086.
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have tremendous potential for research and future therapeutic purposes. However, the calcium handling mechanism in ESCs is not fully elucidated. Aims of this study are (1) to investigate if transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3) channels are present in mouse ESC
PMID 26130157

Application of a non-hazardous vital dye for cell counting with automated cell counters.

Kim SI1, Kim HJ1, Lee HJ1, Lee K1, Hong D1, Lim H1, Cho K1, Jung N1, Yi YW2.
Analytical biochemistry.Anal Biochem.2016 Jan 1;492:8-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.09.010. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
Recent advances in automated cell counters enable us to count cells more easily with consistency. However, the wide use of the traditional vital dye trypan blue (TB) raises environmental and health concerns due to its potential teratogenic effects. To avoid this chemical hazard, it is of importance
PMID 26399556

Japanese Journal

Real-time Noninvasive Monitoring of UV Light-induced Cell Death by the Deflection of a Probe Beam

WU Xing-Zheng,KATO Tomohisa,TERADA Satoshi
Analytical Sciences 30(10), 1023-1025, 2014
… This conclusion agreed well with cell viability determinations of the traditional trypan blue method. …
NAID 130004694052

Differentiation of canine bone marrow stromal cells into voltage- and glutamate-responsive neuron-like cells by basic fibroblast growth factor

NAKANO Rei,EDAMURA Kazuya,NAKAYAMA Tomohiro,TESHIMA Kenji,ASANO Kazushi,NARITA Takanori,OKABAYASHI Ken,SUGIYA Hiroshi
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2014
… The viability of the bFGF-treated cells was assessed by a trypan blue exclusion assay, and the morphology was monitored. …
NAID 130004693908

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「トリパンブルー」
関連記事	「blue」「bluing」

「トリパンブルー」

Trypan Blue
	IUPAC name (3Z,3'Z)-3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)di(1Z)hydrazin-2-yl-1-ylidene]bis(5-amino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydronaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid)
Identifiers
CAS number	72-57-1 , (tetrasodium salt)
PubChem	5904246
ChemSpider	10482308
UNII	I2ZWO3LS3M
KEGG	C19307
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1640
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
	SMILES [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)c6cc1cc(cc(N)c1c(O)c6/N=N/c2ccc(cc2C)c5ccc(/N=N/c4c(cc3cc(cc(N)c3c4O)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)c(C)c5)S([O-])(=O)=O ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C34H28N6O14S4.4Na/c1-15-7-17(3-5-25(15)37-39-31-27(57(49,50)51)11-19-9-21(55(43,44)45)13-23(35)29(19)33(31)41)18-4-6-26(16(2)8-18)38-40-32-28(58(52,53)54)12-20-10-22(56(46,47)48)14-24(36)30(20)34(32)42;;;;/h3-14,41-42H,35-36H2,1-2H3,(H,43,44,45)(H,46,47,48)(H,49,50,51)(H,52,53,54);;;;/q;4*+1/p-4/b39-37+,40-38+;;;; ; Key: GLNADSQYFUSGOU-GPTZEZBUSA-J ;
Properties
Molecular formula	C34H28N6O14S4
Molar mass	872.88 g mol−1
	(verify) (what is: /?); Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
	Infobox references