トロパンアルカロイド
WordNet
- natural bases containing nitrogen found in plants
PrepTutorEJDIC
- アルカロイド(植物に含まれる窒素を含む塩基性物質)
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/12/02 05:13:18」(JST)
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The chemical structure of tropane
Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic [3.2.1] alkaloids and secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their chemical structure. Tropane alkaloids occur naturally in many members of the plant family Solanaceae. Some tropane alkaloids have pharmacological properties and can act as anticholinergics or stimulants.
Contents
- 1 Anticholinergics
- 2 Stimulants
- 3 Others
- 4 Non-natural tropanes
- 5 See also
Anticholinergics
Anticholinergic drugs and deliriants:
- Atropine, racemic hyoscyamine, from the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna)
- Hyoscyamine, the levo-isomer of atropine, from henbane (Hyoscamus niger) and mandrake (Mandragora officinalis)
- Scopolamine, from henbane and Datura species (Jimson weed)
All three acetylcholine-inhibiting chemicals can also be found in the leaves, stems, and flowers in varying, unknown amounts in Brugmansia (Angel Trumpets or Devil's Weed), a relative of Datura.
Stimulants
Stimulants and cocaine-related alkaloids:
- Cocaine, from Erythroxylum coca
- Ecgonine, a precursor and metabolite of cocaine
- Benzoylecgonine, a metabolite of cocaine
- Hydroxytropacocaine, from Erythroxylum coca
- Methylecgonine cinnamate, from Erythroxylum coca
Others
- Catuabines, found in catuaba, an infusion made from Erythroxylum vacciniifolium
- Scopine
Non-natural tropanes
There exist some synthetic analogs of tropane alkaloids, see
They are not considered to be alkaloids per definition.
See also
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
- Guirguis-Blake JM1, Senger CA2, Webber EM2, Mularski RA2, Whitlock EP2.
- JAMA.JAMA.2016 Apr 5;315(13):1378-93. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.2654.
- IMPORTANCE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the United States.OBJECTIVE: To systematically review literature on the accuracy of screening questionnaires and office-based screening pulmonary function testing and the efficacy and harms of treatment o
- PMID 27046366
- Rigid Adenine Nucleoside Derivatives as Novel Modulators of the Human Sodium Symporters for Dopamine and Norepinephrine.
- Janowsky A1, Tosh DK2, Eshleman AJ2, Jacobson KA2.
- The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.J Pharmacol Exp Ther.2016 Apr;357(1):24-35. doi: 10.1124/jpet.115.229666. Epub 2016 Jan 26.
- Thirty-two congeneric rigid adenine nucleoside derivatives containing a North (N)-methanocarba ribose substitution and a 2-arylethynyl group either enhanced (up to 760% of control) or inhibited [(125)I] methyl (1R,2S,3S)-3-(4-iodophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylate (RTI-55) bind
- PMID 26813929
- A new tropane alkaloid from the leaves of Erythroxylum subsessile isolated by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography.
- Cruz RA1,2, Almeida H3, Fernandes CP2, Joseph-Nathan P4, Rocha L3, Leitão GG1.
- Journal of separation science.J Sep Sci.2016 Apr;39(7):1273-7. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201500952.
- Tropane alkaloids are bioactive metabolites with great importance in the pharmaceutical industry and the most important class of natural products found in the Erythroxylum genus. However, these compounds are usually separated by traditional chromatographic techniques, in which the sample is progress
- PMID 26888377
Japanese Journal
- A small-scale proteomic approach reveals a survival strategy, including a reduction in alkaloid biosynthesis, in Hyoscyamus albus roots subjected to iron deficiency
- Khandakar Jebunnahar,Haraguchi Izumi,Yamaguchi Kenichi,Kitamura Yoshie
- Frontiers in Plant Science 4(AUG), 331, 2013-08-28
- … Hyoscyamus albus is a well-known source of the tropane alkaloids, hyoscyamine and scopolamine, which are biosynthesized in the roots. … To investigate the effects of Fe deficiency on alkaloid biosynthesis, gene expression studies were undertaken both for H6H and for another Fe-dependent protein, Cyp80F1, which is involved in the final stage of hyoscyamine biosynthesis. … In addition, tropane alkaloid contents were determined. …
- NAID 120005447065
- Tropane alkaloid analysis by chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques : An update
- AEHLE Elke,DRAGER Birgit
- Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences 878(17), 1391-1406, 2010-05-15
- NAID 10028036480
- キノコ中毒との鑑別に苦慮したチョウセンアサガオ中毒の症例
- 日比野 阿礼,稲田 眞治,新井 奈々,小嶋 高志,寺澤 篤,高須 宏江
- 日本臨床麻酔学会誌 30(2), 272-275, 2010
- チョウセンアサガオはベラドンナアルカロイドを含み, 誤食により中毒を起こす. 今回キノコ中毒との鑑別に苦慮したチョウセンアサガオ中毒を経験した. キノコ入りのうどんを食べ全身倦怠感・発語困難を認めた夫婦が当院へ救急搬送された. JCS1-1-R, 瞳孔散大, 頻脈を認め, キノコ中毒の疑いで入院した. 摂取9時間後より症状は軽快したが焼けつくような口渇感を訴えた. 後日キノコはしいたけであると …
- NAID 130004449857
Related Links
- Tropane Alkaloid Poisoning. Alkaloids are plant metabolites that have a nitrogen-containing chemical ring structure, alkali-like chemical reactivity, and pharmacologic activity. ... Frequency United States Incidence is ...
- tropane alkaloid plant toxins, e.g. atropine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine (hyoscine) found in solanaceous plants. ... A tropane alkaloid with a 2-methyl-4-phenylcyclobutane 1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid ester as the central structure was first ...
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アルカロイド、植物塩基