WordNet

a three-sided polygon (同)trigon, trilateral
something approximating the shape of a triangle; "the coastline of Chile and Argentina and Brazil forms two legs of a triangle"
a percussion instrument consisting of a metal bar bent in the shape of an open triangle
any of various triangular drafting instruments used to draw straight lines at specified angles
a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
a complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings"

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三角形 / 三角形の物 / 《米》三角定規 / (楽器の)トライアングル / 三つ組,三人組;(男女の)三角関係
(疾患の徴候となる一群の)症徴候,症候群 / (事件・社会的状態などのパターンを示す)徴候形態

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1. 胸郭出口症候群の概要 overview of thoracic outlet syndromes
2. 小児または思春期のアスリートにおける肘関節損傷 elbow injuries in the child or adolescent athlete
3. 原発性（特発性）上肢深部静脈血栓症 primary spontaneous upper extremity deep vein thrombosis
4. 症候性（二次性）ミオクローヌス symptomatic secondary myoclonus
5. 腹腔鏡下胆嚢摘出術 laparoscopic cholecystectomy

English Journal

Evaluation of sex differences in cannabinoid dependence.

Marusich JA1, Lefever TW1, Antonazzo KR1, Craft RM2, Wiley JL3.Author information 1RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, USA.2Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.3RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, USA. Electronic address: jwiley@rti.org.AbstractBACKGROUND: Chronic recreational marijuana users often report withdrawal symptoms when trying to quit, with some reports suggesting withdrawal may be more pronounced in women. In animal models, female rodents show enhanced sensitivity to acute Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) administration, but chronic administration has been studied little.
Drug and alcohol dependence.Drug Alcohol Depend.2014 Apr 1;137:20-8. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.01.019. Epub 2014 Feb 12.
BACKGROUND: Chronic recreational marijuana users often report withdrawal symptoms when trying to quit, with some reports suggesting withdrawal may be more pronounced in women. In animal models, female rodents show enhanced sensitivity to acute Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) administration, but chr
PMID 24582909

New electrocardiographic criteria to differentiate the Type-2 Brugada pattern from electrocardiogram of healthy athletes with r'-wave in leads V1/V2.

Serra G1, Baranchuk A, Bayés-De-Luna A, Brugada J, Goldwasser D, Capulzini L, Arazo D, Boraita A, Heras ME, Garcia-Niebla J, Elosua R, Brugada R, Brugada P.Author information 1Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, S. Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.AbstractAIMS: Diagnosis of Type-2 Brugada pattern remains challenging and it could be confused with other electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns presenting an r'-wave in leads V1-V2 like in healthy athletes. This could impact their ability to perform competitive sports. The aim of the study was to evaluate, as a proof of concept, the new ECG criteria to differentiate the Type-2 Brugada pattern from the ECG pattern of healthy athletes depicting an r'-wave in leads V1-V2.METHODS AND RESULTS: Surface ECGs from 50 patients with Brugada syndrome and type-2 Brugada pattern and 58 healthy athletes with an r'-wave in leads V1-V2 were analysed. Different criteria based on the characteristics of the triangle formed by the ascendant and descendant arms of the r'-wave in leads V1-V2 were compared. The duration of the base of the triangle at 0.5 mV (5 mm) from high take-off ≥160 ms (4 mm) has a specificity (SP) of 95.6%, sensitivity (SE) 85%, positive predictive value (PPV) 94.4%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 87.9%. The duration of the base of the triangle at the isoelectric line ≥60 ms (1.5 mm) in leads V1-V2 has an SP of 78%, SE 94.8%, PPV 79.3%, and NPV 93.5%. The ratio of the base at isoelectric line/height from the baseline to peak of r'-wave in leads V1-V2 has an SP of 92.1%, SE 82%, PPV 90.1%, and NPV 83.3%.CONCLUSIONS: The three new ECG criteria were accurate to distinguish the Type-2 Brugada pattern from the ECG pattern with an r'-wave in healthy athletes. The duration of the base of the triangle at 0.5 mV from the high take-off is the easiest to measure and may be used in clinical practice.
Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology.Europace.2014 Mar 6. [Epub ahead of print]
AIMS: Diagnosis of Type-2 Brugada pattern remains challenging and it could be confused with other electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns presenting an r'-wave in leads V1-V2 like in healthy athletes. This could impact their ability to perform competitive sports. The aim of the study was to evaluate, as a
PMID 24603955

Development of a Genomic DNA Reference Material Panel for Rett Syndrome (MECP2-Related Disorders) Genetic Testing.

Kalman LV1, Tarleton JC2, Percy AK3, Aradhya S4, Bale S4, Barker SD5, Bayrak-Toydemir P6, Bridges C2, Buller-Burckle AM7, Das S8, Iyer RK9, Vo TD10, Zvereff VV11, Toji LH12.Author information 1Laboratory Research and Evaluation Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: lkalman@cdc.gov.2Fullerton Genetics Laboratory, Fullerton Genetics Center, Mission Health System, Asheville, North Carolina.3Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.4Neurogenetics, GeneDx, Gaithersburg, Maryland.5Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.6Molecular Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah.7Molecular Genetics, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, California.8Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.9Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Michigan Medical Genetics Laboratories, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan.10Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, California.11Molecular Genetics & Genomics, Laboratory Corporation of America, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.12NIGMS Human Genetic Cell Repository, Coriell Institute for Medical Research, Camden, New Jersey.AbstractRett syndrome is a dominant X-linked disorder caused by point mutations (approximately 80%) or by deletions or insertions (approximately 15% to 18%) in the MECP2 gene. It is most common in females but lethal in males, with a distinctly different phenotype. Rett syndrome patients have severe neurological and behavioral problems. Clinical genetic testing laboratories commonly use characterized genomic DNA reference materials to assure the quality of the testing process; however, none are commercially available for MECP2 genetic testing. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Genetic Testing Reference Material Coordination Program, in collaboration with the genetic testing community and the Coriell Cell Repositories, established 27 new cell lines and characterized the MECP2 mutations in these and in 8 previously available cell lines. DNA samples from the 35 cell lines were tested by eight clinical genetic testing laboratories using DNA sequence analysis and methods to assess copy number (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, semiquantitative PCR, or array-based comparative genomic hybridization). The eight common point mutations known to cause approximately 60% of Rett syndrome cases were identified, as were other MECP2 variants, including deletions, duplications, and frame shift and splice-site mutations. Two of the 35 samples were from males with MECP2 duplications. These MECP2 and other characterized genomic DNA samples are publicly available from the NIGMS Repository at the Coriell Cell Repositories.
The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD.J Mol Diagn.2014 Mar;16(2):273-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2013.11.004. Epub 2014 Feb 7.
Rett syndrome is a dominant X-linked disorder caused by point mutations (approximately 80%) or by deletions or insertions (approximately 15% to 18%) in the MECP2 gene. It is most common in females but lethal in males, with a distinctly different phenotype. Rett syndrome patients have severe neurolo
PMID 24508304

Japanese Journal

Triangle Sign on Neck MRI

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Internal Medicine 53(9), 1035-1036, 2014
NAID 130004902972

ウイリアムズ症候群の認知の特徴

砂原眞理子,猪子香代,大澤眞木子
東京女子医科大学雑誌 83(E1), E152-E159, 2013-01-31
はじめに:Williams症候群(WS)は7番染色体長腕の半接合体(7q11.23)の微小欠失によっておこる遺伝子疾患である。エラスチン動脈症、特徴的顔貌、知的障害あるいは学習障害が特徴的である。我々はこれまでの経験から、WS患者の認知機能の障害は一律ではなく、いくつかのタイプに分けられるのではないかと考えていた。そこで、我々の仮説を検証するために本研究を行った。,目的;WSの認知機能の核となる特 …
NAID 110009559377

Ｍｉｒｉｚｚｉ症候群を呈した胆嚢癌の１例

大沢晃弘,渡邊学,浅井浩司,松清大,金井亮太,齋藤智明,道躰幸二朗,萩原令彦,長尾二郎,高橋啓
日本外科系連合学会誌 34(5), 922-926, 2009
　今回われわれは術前，術中所見でMirizzi症候群と診断し，術後病理結果で胆嚢癌と診断された１例を経験したので報告する．症例は68歳，女性．脳梗塞にて当院脳神経外科入院中に，血液生化学検査で肝胆道系酵素の上昇を認め，精査目的で外科転科となった．画像所見上，10cmを超える巨大胆嚢結石，総肝管狭窄，肝内胆管拡張を認め，Mirizzi症候群の診断で開腹手術を施行した．術中所見では，Calotの３角が …
NAID 130004514860