同: TLESR

WordNet

unrefined in character; "low comedy"
an air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation; "a low moved in over night bringing sleet and snow" (同)depression
a low level or position or degree; "the stock market fell to a new low"
used of sounds and voices; low in pitch or frequency (同)low-pitched
very low in volume; "a low murmur"; "the low-toned murmur of the surf" (同)low-toned
in a low position; near the ground; "the branches hung low"
less than normal in degree or intensity or amount; "low prices"; "the reservoir is low"
literal meanings; being at or having a relatively small elevation or upward extension; "low ceilings"; "low clouds"; "low hills"; "the sun is low"; "low furniture"; "a low bow"
move something or somebody to a lower position; "take down the vase from the shelf" (同)take_down, let down, get_down, bring_down
cause to drop or sink; "The lack of rain had depressed the water level in the reservoir" (同)depress
set lower; "lower a rating"; "lower expectations" (同)lour
(physics) the exponential return of a system to equilibrium after a disturbance (同)relaxation behavior
(physiology) the gradual lengthening of inactive muscle or muscle fibers
a method of solving simultaneous equations by guessing a solution and then reducing the errors that result by successive approximations until all the errors are less than some specified amount (同)relaxation method
an occurrence of control or strength weakening; "the relaxation of requirements"; "the loosening of his grip"; "the slackening of the wind" (同)loosening, slackening
(physics) a short-lived oscillation in a system caused by a sudden change of voltage or current or load
one who stays for only a short time; "transient laborers"
the act of causing something to move to a lower level (同)letting down
the act of causing to become less

PrepTutorEJDIC

(高さ・位置が)『低い』,低い所にある / (価格・数量・程度などが)『低い』,少ない / (身分・地位などが)『低い』,卑しい / (人格・行為などが)『卑しい』,下劣な,下品な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(体が)『弱った』;元気のない,憂うつな / (供給が)不十分な;(…が)乏しい《+『in』(『on』)+『名』》 / (音・声が)低い,小さい / (生物が)下等な / 『低く』,低い所に / (価格・程度などが)『安く』,低く / 低い声(調子)で;静かに / 最低点,最低水準
(牛の)モーという鳴き声 / (牛が)モーと鳴く
(lowの比較級)『もっと低い』,(価格が)もっと安い / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『下級の』;低い(下の)ほうの / …‘を'『下げる』,降ろす / 〈価格・程度・量・調子など〉‘を'『下げる』,小さくする,低下させる / 〈人〉‘を'品位(品格)を落とす / 低くなる,下がる,滅る
(…に向かって)顔をしかめる,まゆをひそめる《+『at(on, upon)』+『名』》 / 〈空模様が〉険悪になる,〈雨などが〉降りそうな / しかめっつら / 険悪な空模様
(…を)ゆるめること,緩和すること;(…を)ゆるみ;(規則などの)緩和,軽減《+『of』+『名』》 / 休養,くつろぎ,気晴らし,娯楽(diversion)
(また transitory)一時の,つかの間の,はかない / (人が)短期滞在の / (ホテルなどの)短期滞在客
低くする,低下させる;堕落させる
(空模様が)険悪な,荒れ模様の / しかめっつらの,(顔つきが)不機嫌な

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 逆流性食道炎の病態生理pathophysiology of reflux esophagitis [show details]
…pathophysiologic mechanisms causing esophagogastric junction (EGJ) incompetence are: Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) A hypotensive lower esophageal sphincter (LES) Anatomic disruption of the …
2. 非酸性逆流症：臨床的特徴、診断、マネージメントnon acid reflux clinical manifestations diagnosis and management [show details]
… Non-acid reflux episodes primarily occur in the postprandial period as transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation occurs more frequently following meal-induced distension of the gastric fundus …
3. 小児や青年の胃食道逆流症のマネージメントmanagement of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children and adolescents [show details]
4. 早産児における胃食道逆流gastroesophageal reflux in premature infants [show details]
…of intrinsic smooth muscle of the esophagus and skeletal muscle of the crural diaphragm . Transient LES relaxation is defined as an abrupt decrease in LES pressure below the intragastric pressure, which …
5. 腸内ガスと膨満感の概要overview of intestinal gas and bloating [show details]
…the escape of swallowed intragastric air that enters the esophagus during a transient lower-esophageal sphincter relaxation. Gastric belching may be facilitated by foods that relax the lower esophageal …

English Journal

Involvement of different receptor subtypes in prostaglandin E2-induced contraction and relaxation in the lower esophageal sphincter and esophageal body.

Bai X, Ihara E, Otsuka Y, Tsuruta S, Hirano K, Tanaka Y, Ogino H, Hirano M, Chinen T, Akiho H, Nakamura K, Oda Y, Ogawa Y.
European journal of pharmacology. 2019 Aug;857()172405.
Prostaglandin E (PGE) plays a role in the pathogenesis of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). There are 4 subtypes of PGE, PGE receptor 1, 2, 3 and 4 (EP 1-4). In GERD patents, PGE, EP2 and EP4 are upregulated. However, the effects of PGE2 on esophageal motility remain elusive. We examined how
PMID 31128092

Effect of citalopram on esophageal motility in healthy subjects-Implications for reflux episodes, dysphagia, and globus.

Manolakis AC, Broers C, Geysen H, Goelen N, Van Houtte B, Rommel N, Vanuytsel T, Tack J, Pauwels A.
Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society. 2019 Aug;31(8)1-8.
Drugs such as citalopram, "targeting" the serotonin pathway, can alter esophageal mechano-chemical sensitivity and gastrointestinal motility. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of citalopram on esophageal motility and sphincter function, transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations
PMID 31121087

A perspective on risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma: emphasis on Helicobacter pylori infection.

Kountouras J, Doulberis M, Papaefthymiou A, Polyzos SA, Vardaka E, Tzivras D, Dardiotis E, Deretzi G, Giartza-Taxidou E, Grigoriadis S, Katsinelos P.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2019 Jul;().
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and the increasing rate of its associated complications, including esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), has stimulated a plethora of studies attempting to evaluate provocative and protective factors. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection (Hp-I) was initially considere
PMID 31310338