WordNet

(physics) a short-lived oscillation in a system caused by a sudden change of voltage or current or load
one who stays for only a short time; "transient laborers"
the presence of excessive protein (chiefly albumin but also globulin) in the urine; usually a symptom of kidney disorder (同)proteinuria

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Enalapril treatment increases T cell number and promotes polarization towards M1-like macrophages locally in diabetic nephropathy.

Cucak H1, Nielsen Fink L1, Højgaard Pedersen M2, Rosendahl A3.
International immunopharmacology.Int Immunopharmacol.2015 Jan 15;25(1):30-42. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.01.003. [Epub ahead of print]
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of longstanding diabetes affecting up to 30% of all diabetes patients and is the main cause of end-stage kidney disease globally. Current standard treatment e.g. ACE-inhibitors like enalapril merely offers a delay in the progression leading to DN.
PMID 25598292

KLF4-dependent epigenetic remodeling modulates podocyte phenotypes and attenuates proteinuria.

Hayashi K, Sasamura H, Nakamura M, Azegami T, Oguchi H, Sakamaki Y, Itoh H.
The Journal of clinical investigation.J Clin Invest.2014 Jun 2;124(6):2523-37. doi: 10.1172/JCI69557. Epub 2014 May 8.
The transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) has the ability, along with other factors, to reprogram somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Here, we determined that KLF4 is expressed in kidney glomerular podocytes and is decreased in both animal models and humans exhibitin
PMID 24812666

Increased urine semaphorin-3A is associated with renal damage in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease: a nested case-control study.

Viazzi F1, Ramesh G, Jayakumar C, Leoncini G, Garneri D, Pontremoli R.
Journal of nephrology.J Nephrol.2014 Apr 23. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Semaphorins are guidance proteins implicated in several processes such as angiogenesis, organogenesis, cell migration, and cytokine release. Experimental studies showed that semaphorin-3a (SEMA3A) administration induces transient massive proteinuria, podocyte foot process effacement and
PMID 24756974

Renal Protection of In Vivo Administration of Tempol in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

The decreases of nephrin and nuclear WT1 in podocytes may cause albuminuria during the experimental sepsis in mice

Pathophysiological Role of Dopamine in the Kidney: Effects in Diabetes Mellitus and after Contralateral Nephrectomy