(病名)気管軟化症

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/30 18:39:37」(JST)

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Tracheomalacia (from trachea and the Greek μαλακία, softening) is a condition characterized by flaccidity of the tracheal support cartilage which leads to tracheal collapse especially when increased airflow is demanded.

The trachea normally dilates slightly during inspiration and narrows slightly during expiration. These processes are exaggerated in tracheomalacia, leading to airway collapse on expiration. The usual symptom of tracheomalacia is expiratory stridor or laryngeal crow.

If the condition extends further to the bronchi (if there is also bronchomalacia), it is termed tracheobronchomalacia. The same condition can also affect the larynx, which is called laryngomalacia.

Classification

There are three types:^[1]

Type 1 — congenital, sometimes associated with tracheoesophageal fistula or esophageal atresia
Type 2 — extrinsic compression sometimes due to vascular rings
Type 3 — acquired due to chronic infection or prolonged intubation or inflammatory conditions like relapsing polychondritis

Treatment

If the symptoms are severe enough, treatment may be needed. These range from medical management over mechanical ventilation (both continuous positive airway pressure, CPAP, or bi-level positive airway pressure, BiPAP) to tracheal stenting and surgery.

Surgical techniques include aortopexy, tracheopexy, tracheobronchoplasty, and tracheostomy.^[2]^[3]

Footnotes

^ Austin J, Ali T (January 2003). "Tracheomalacia and bronchomalacia in children: pathophysiology, assessment, treatment and anaesthesia management". Paediatr Anaesth 13 (1): 3–11. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00802.x. PMID 12535032.
^ van der Zee DC, Bax NM (2007). "Thoracoscopic tracheoaortopexia for the treatment of life-threatening events in tracheomalacia". Surgical endoscopy 21 (11): 2024–2025. doi:10.1007/s00464-007-9250-8. PMID 17356936.
^ Masters IB, Chang AB (2005). Masters, I Brent, ed. "Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4): CD005304. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005304.pub2. PMID 16235399.

External links

Swiss embryology (from UL, UB, and UF) rrespiratory/patholrespi01

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における気管軟化症および気管気管支軟化症 tracheomalacia and tracheobronchomalacia in adults
2. 胸腔内気道の先天異常および気管食道瘻 congenital anomalies of the intrathoracic airways and tracheoesophageal fistula
3. 小児における吸気時喘鳴の評価 assessment of stridor in children
4. Anesthesia for patients with an anterior mediastinal mass
5. 気管の放射線学 radiology of the trachea

English Journal

Stent implantation into the tracheo-bronchial system in rabbits: histopathologic sequelae in bare metal vs. drug-eluting stents.

Sigler M1, Klötzer J2, Quentin T3, Paul T4, Möller O5.
Molecular and cellular pediatrics.Mol Cell Pediatr.2015 Dec;2(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s40348-015-0021-7. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
BACKGROUND: Stent implantation into the tracheo-bronchial system may be life-saving in selected pediatric patients with otherwise intractable stenosis of the upper airways. Following implantation, significant tissue proliferation may occur, requiring re-interventions. We sought to evaluate the effec
PMID 26542300

Long-term esophageal and respiratory outcomes in children with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula.

Cartabuke RH1, Lopez R2, Thota PN3.
Gastroenterology report.Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf).2015 Oct 16. pii: gov055. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVES: Few studies have evaluated the long-term complications and outcomes of esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) beyond childhood. The aim of our study was to characterize the esophageal and respiratory morbidity of EA/TEF through evaluation of clinical sympto
PMID 26475129

Upper Airway Anomalies in Congenital Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Esophageal Atresia Patients.

Hseu A1, Recko T1, Jennings R2, Nuss R3.
The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.2015 Oct;124(10):808-13. doi: 10.1177/0003489415586844. Epub 2015 May 12.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of upper airway anomalies in patients diagnosed with congenital tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia (TEF/EA).METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of all TEF/EA patients seen at a tertiary pediatric hospital between January 2008 and December
PMID 25969571

Japanese Journal

気管に限局した再発性多発軟骨炎の1例

日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 118(9), 1150-1154, 2015
NAID 130005103261

当院にてカニューレ抜去を試みた小児気管切開患者症例の検討

日本気管食道科学会会報 66(4), 255-261, 2015
NAID 130005095275

成人重複大動脈弓症例の開心術後に発症した気管軟化症の一症例

日本集中治療医学会雑誌 22(4), 261-263, 2015
NAID 130005087220

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リンク元

「気管軟化症」

Tracheomalacia
Classification and external resources
Specialty	pulmonology
ICD-10	Q32.0, J39.8
ICD-9-CM	519.19, 748.3
DiseasesDB	31858
eMedicine	med/2976 ped/2275

　　[★]

英: tracheomalacia
関: [[]]

[pmid12535032-1] Austin J, Ali T (January 2003). "Tracheomalacia and bronchomalacia in children: pathophysiology, assessment, treatment and anaesthesia management". Paediatr Anaesth 13 (1): 3–11. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00802.x. PMID 12535032.

[pmid17356936-2] van der Zee DC, Bax NM (2007). "Thoracoscopic tracheoaortopexia for the treatment of life-threatening events in tracheomalacia". Surgical endoscopy 21 (11): 2024–2025. doi:10.1007/s00464-007-9250-8. PMID 17356936.

[pmid16235399-3] Masters IB, Chang AB (2005). Masters, I Brent, ed. "Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4): CD005304. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005304.pub2. PMID 16235399.

匿名

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案内

案内

tracheomalacia