WordNet

(mechanics) the equal and opposite force that is produced when any force is applied to a body; "every action has an equal and opposite reaction"
a response that reveals a persons feelings or attitude; "he was pleased by the audiences reaction to his performance"; "John feared his mothers reaction when she saw the broken lamp"
a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some antecedent stimulus or agent; "a bad reaction to the medicine"; "his responses have slowed with age" (同)response
doing something in opposition to another way of doing it that you dont like; "his style of painting was a reaction against cubism"
an idea evoked by some experience; "his reaction to the news was to start planning what to do"
extreme conservatism in political or social matters; "the forces of reaction carried the election"
a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base interact with the formation of a salt; with strong acids and bases the essential reaction is the combination of hydrogen ions with hydroxyl ions to form water (同)neutralisation, neutralization_reaction, neutralisation reaction
(euphemism) the removal of a threat by killing or destroying it (especially in a covert operation or military operation) (同)neutralisation
action intended to keep a country politically neutral or exclude it from a possible war; "the neutralization of Belgium" (同)neutralisation
action intended to nullify the effects of some previous action (同)neutralisation, counteraction
a poisonous substance produced during the metabolism and growth of certain microorganisms and some higher plant and animal species

PrepTutorEJDIC

{名}(…に対する)『反応』《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(…に対する)(政治的・社会的な)『反動』,逆コース《+『against』+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉化学反応,化学変化 / 〈U〉〈C〉(物理学で)反作用
(特にバクテリアの)毒素

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1. 志賀毒素産生性大腸菌感染症：微生物学的特徴、発症機序、疫学、予防shiga toxin producing escherichia coli microbiology pathogenesis epidemiology and prevention [show details]
… single donor that tested negative for Shiga toxin by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) but was subsequently found to be positive for toxin polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . In the United States, the Food and Drug …
2. 破傷風tetanus [show details]
… Since tetanus toxin is irreversibly bound to tissues, only unbound toxin is available for neutralization. The use of passive immunization to neutralize unbound toxin is associated… should be administered prior to giving the full dose in order to evaluate for hypersensitivity reactions . In contrast, antecedent skin testing is not needed if a human preparation is to be used. Since …
3. モノクローナル抗体医薬品の概要overview of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies [show details]
… the mAb to a drug or toxin. Mechanism of action – The mechanism of action for an mAb may involve immune modulation, cell killing, and/or neutralization of an infectious organism;… The management of infusion reactions depends on the severity of the reaction and the urgency needed for treatment of the underlying condition. Mild reactions can often be managed…
4. 美容適応としてのボツリヌス毒素投与の概要overview of botulinum toxin for cosmetic indications [show details]
… available for clinical use . Botulinum toxin type A is the most common form of botulinum toxin used in aesthetic clinical practice. The clinical utility of botulinum toxin initially became evident in the treatment …
5. 下部尿路障害へのボツリヌス毒素の使用：適応および臨床評価botulinum toxin for treatment of lower urinary tract conditions indications and clinical evaluation [show details]
… Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin that is produced by Clostridium botulinum. In clinical applications, there are two available serotypes: botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) and botulinum toxin type B (BoNT-B) …

English Journal

Differences of the Fecal Microflora With Clostridium difficile Therapies.

Louie TJ1, Byrne B2, Emery J2, Ward L3, Krulicki W3, Nguyen D2, Wu K2, Cannon K1.
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.Clin Infect Dis.2015 May 15;60 Suppl 2:S91-7. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ252.
BACKGROUND: During treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), patterns of pathogen reduction in relationship to changes in components of the normal microbiota are hypothesized to be predictive of response to treatment and subsequent sustained cure.METHODS: At a single center, subjects enrol
PMID 25922407

Preparation of abiotic polymer nanoparticles for sequestration and neutralization of a target peptide toxin.

Yoshimatsu K1, Koide H2, Hoshino Y3, Shea KJ1.
Nature protocols.Nat Protoc.2015 Apr;10(4):595-604. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2015.032. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
Synthetic polymer nanoparticles (NPs) with intrinsic affinity for target biomacromolecules hold great promise in the development of novel tools for biological and biomedical research. We recently reported the design and synthesis of abiotic, synthetic polymer NPs with high intrinsic affinity for a p
PMID 25790112

Occurrence of avian botulism in Korea during the period from June to September 2012.

Jang I, Kang MS, Kim HR, Oh JY, Lee JI, Lee HS, Kwon YK.
Avian diseases.Avian Dis.2014 Dec;58(4):666-9.
Botulism is a paralytic disease caused by the botulinum neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. In the summer season in Korea, intensive outbreaks of avian botulism were reported in both poultry and wild birds, including five Korean native chicken farms (HanHyup NO.3), one pheasant (Phasianus
PMID 25619016

Japanese Journal

Clostridium perfringens による抗菌薬関連下痢症の1 症例

里村秀行,尾高郁子,酒井力,加藤はる
感染症学雑誌 83(5), 549-552, 2009
… Stool specimens were positive for toxin A in enzyme immunoassay but negative for toxin B in cell culture assay with a neutralization test, indicating that toxin A detection was false-positive. … Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected the gene encoding C. … perfringens enterotoxin in DNA extracted from stool specimens, but not the toxin B gene. …
NAID 130005405394

抗 Pasteurella multocida 毒素抗体検出のための組換毒素を用いたELISA法の評価

岩男明日香,宇都岳彦,向井哲哉 [他],岡田宗典,布藤聡,柴田勲
The journal of veterinary medical science 69(6), 581-586, 2007-06-25
毒素産生性Pasteurella multocida （P. multocida）を原因とする豚の進行性萎縮性鼻炎をコントロールするための血清検査法として、現在までにELISA法及び中和試験法による抗体測定法が報告されている。今回、中和試験法より簡便で迅速な抗体測定法として、大腸菌で発現させた組換P. multocida毒素を抗原とした、豚血清中の抗P. multocida毒素抗体検出のためのEL …
NAID 110006318092

Polymerase Chain Reaction Test for Differentiation of Five Toxin Types of Clostridium perfringens

Yamagishi Takayoshi,Sugitani Kayo,Tanishima Kiyoo [他],NAKAMURA Shinichi
Microbiology and immunology 41(4), 295-299, 1997-04-20
… In order to avoid the use of experimental animals, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was applied to differentiate Clostridium perfringens … into five toxin types. … Twenty-two out of 23 strains tested produced the toxin(s) corresponding to the toxin gene(s) identified by PCR, and vice versa. …
NAID 10004896391