WordNet

the act of organizing a business or an activity related to a business; "he was brought in to supervise the organization of a new department" (同)organisation
the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically; "his organization of the work force was very efficient" (同)organisation
an ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized; "his compulsive organization was not an endearing quality"; "we cant do it unless we establish some system around here" (同)organisation, system
a group of people who work together (同)organisation

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1. 医療資源の限られた国での妊産婦死亡率の削減へのアプローチ approaches to reduction of maternal mortality in resource limited settings
2. 赤血球細胞膜の動態および機構 red blood cell membrane dynamics and organization
3. Contraceptive counseling and selection
4. 成人における骨髄異形成症候群の予後 prognosis of the myelodysplastic syndromes in adults
5. 小児における疼痛の評価およびマネージメント evaluation and management of pain in children

English Journal

[Electrical testing of candidates for cochlear implantation].

Petrov SM.AbstractThe results of electrotesting and their possible value in selection of candidates for cochlear implantation are discussed. The threshold curve shape is explained. Basing on this explanation correlations between pre- and postoperative results obtained by different authors are discussed. Pure tone audiogram is thought to be a reliable predictor of the eighth nerve survival. The results of threshold audiometry are considered. Change of tonotopical organization in the recipients with neurosensory hypoacusis gives additional information about cochlear nerve condition.
Vestnik otorinolaringologii.Vestn Otorinolaringol.2003;(3):12-5.
The results of electrotesting and their possible value in selection of candidates for cochlear implantation are discussed. The threshold curve shape is explained. Basing on this explanation correlations between pre- and postoperative results obtained by different authors are discussed. Pure tone aud
PMID 12847798

Functional MRI of auditory cortex activated by multisite electrical stimulation of the cochlea.

Lazeyras F1, Boëx C, Sigrist A, Seghier ML, Cosendai G, Terrier F, Pelizzone M.Author information 1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Geneva, Micheli-du-Crest 24, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.AbstractElectrical stimulation of the ear of deaf patients via cochlear implants offers a unique occasion to study activity of central auditory pathways with fMRI, without bias due to scanner noise. Such measurements, however, require one to control the possible interference between fMRI acquisition and the implanted electrodes. A series of measurements on a customized phantom designed to characterize the level of induced currents during MRI acquisition is presented. These experiments demonstrate that the major artifactual contribution is due to radiofrequency interaction and that safe experimental conditions can be obtained with proper shielding of the stimulation cables. The induced currents could be reduced to low levels (<50 microA for a duration <2 ms), below the acoustic perceptual threshold of cochlear implant subjects. Subsequent fMRI experiments on a patient using an Ineraid cochlear implant were conducted. Results revealed bilateral localized activation of the primary auditory cortex. Stimulation of two different intracochlear electrodes elicited activity in two neighboring, but different, regions, in agreement with the known tonotopical organization of the auditory cortex. This work paves the way for fMRI studies of a broad selection of auditory paradigms without interference from unwanted noise.
NeuroImage.Neuroimage.2002 Oct;17(2):1010-7.
Electrical stimulation of the ear of deaf patients via cochlear implants offers a unique occasion to study activity of central auditory pathways with fMRI, without bias due to scanner noise. Such measurements, however, require one to control the possible interference between fMRI acquisition and the
PMID 12377174

Topographic organization of the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus in the cat.

Bajo VM1, Merchán MA, Malmierca MS, Nodal FR, Bjaalie JG.Author information 1Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Audición Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain. vbajo@gugu.usal.esAbstractThe dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (DNLL) is an auditory structure of the brainstem. It plays an important role in binaural processing and sound localization and it provides the inferior colliculus with an inhibitory projection. The DNLL is a highly conserved auditory structure across mammals, but differences among species in its detailed organization have been reported. The main goal of this study was to analyze the topographic organization of the cat DNLL. Single, small iontophoretic injections of biotinylated dextran amine were made at different loci in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (CNIC). The distribution of the labeled structures in the ipsi- and contralateral DNLL was computer reconstructed in three dimensions. In individual sections, a band of labeling is seen in the DNLL on both sides. These two labeled bands occupy symmetric locations and are made of retrogradely labeled neurons with flattened dendritic arbors oriented parallel to each other. Moreover, the ipsilateral labeled band contains labeled terminal fibers parallel to the labeled dendrites. With three-dimensional reconstructions, it becomes evident that the labeled band seen in each individual DNLL section represents a slice through a rostrocaudally oriented lamina. The shape, size, orientation, and location of this lamina change as the injection site is shifted along the tonotopic axis of the CNIC. An injection in the low-frequency region of the CNIC, produces a lamina that resembles a flattened tube located in the dorsolateral corner of the DNLL. An injection in the high-frequency region of the CNIC, by contrast, results in a lamina that is an elongated sheet located at the ventromedial surface of the DNLL. The laminae of the DNLL might constitute the structural basis for its tonotopical organization. Previous studies (Merchan MA, et al. 1994. J Comp Neurol 342:259-278) in conjunction with our current results suggest that the laminar organization in the DNLL might be common among mammals.
The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.1999 May 10;407(3):349-66.
The dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (DNLL) is an auditory structure of the brainstem. It plays an important role in binaural processing and sound localization and it provides the inferior colliculus with an inhibitory projection. The DNLL is a highly conserved auditory structure across mamma
PMID 10320216

Japanese Journal

光による脳の神経活動の計測(<特集>生体計測技術の新展開)

福西宏有
精密工学会誌 62(11), 1537-1540, 1996-11-05
NAID 110001371976

聾動物における下丘神経核の検討

白根誠,原田康夫,Harrison Robert V
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 82(11), 1609-1616, 1989
… To clarify the functional and morphological influence of profound deafness on the development of the auditory system, the responses of the inferior colliculus to electrical stimulation of the cochlea were investigated in chinchillas.In the normal animals, hundreds of responses were recorded from inferior colliculus with tonotopic organization. …
NAID 130001811104