滴定曲線

WordNet

the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes (同)curved shape
a pitch of a baseball that is thrown with spin so that its path curves as it approaches the batter (同)curve ball, breaking ball, bender
a line on a graph representing data
a measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete; the concentration of the unknown solution (the titer) can then be calculated
an inferior dog or one of mixed breed (同)mongrel, mutt
a cowardly and despicable person
having or marked by a curve or smoothly rounded bend; "the curved tusks of a walrus"; "his curved lips suggested a smile but his eyes were hard" (同)curving

PrepTutorEJDIC

『曲線』 / 『曲がり』,曲がったもの,湾曲部 / (野球で投球の)『カーブ』 / (…の方へ)『曲がる』,湾曲する《+『to』+『名』》 / …'を'曲げる;'を'湾曲させる
のら犬 / くだらない人間

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/07/20 17:19:11」(JST)

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A typical titration curve of a diprotic acid, oxalic acid, titrated with a strong base, sodium hydroxide. Both equivalence points are visible.

Titrations are often recorded on graphs called titration curves, which generally contain the volume of the titrant as the independent variable and the pH of the solution as the dependent variable (because it changes depending on the composition of the two solutions).

The equivalence point on the graph is where all of the starting solution (usually an acid) has been neutralized by the titrant (usually a base). It can be calculated precisely by finding the second derivative of the titration curve and computing the points of inflection (where the graph changes concavity); however, in most cases, simple visual inspection of the curve will suffice. In the curve given to the right, both equivalence points are visible, after roughly 15 and 30 mL of NaOH solution has been titrated into the oxalic acid solution. To calculate the acid dissociation constant (pK_a), one must find the volume at the half-equivalence point, that is where half the amount of titrant has been added to form the next compound (here, sodium hydrogen oxalate, then disodium oxalate). Halfway between each equivalence point, at 7.5 mL and 22.5 mL, the pH observed was about 1.5 and 4, giving the pK_a.

In monoprotic acids, the point halfway between the beginning of the curve (before any titrant has been added) and the equivalence point is significant: at that point, the concentrations of the two species (the acid and conjugate base) are equal. Therefore, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation can be solved in this manner:

Therefore, one can easily find the pK_a of the monoprotic acid by finding the pH of the point halfway between the beginning of the curve and the equivalence point, and solving the simplified equation. In the case of the sample curve, the K_a would be approximately 1.78×10⁻⁵ from visual inspection (the actual K_a2 is 1.7×10⁻⁵)

For polyprotic acids, calculating the acid dissociation constants is only marginally more difficult: the first acid dissociation constant can be calculated the same way as it would be calculated in a monoprotic acid. The second acid dissociation constant, however, is the point halfway between the first equivalence point and the second equivalence point (and so on for acids that release more than two protons, such as phosphoric acid).

References

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… pressure at which lung compliance is maximized. This is determined from the PV curve (slope equals compliance) or by stepwise titration of applied PEEP with calculation of compliance at each step . Compliance …
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…be controlled with CPAP, we proceed with an ASV titration study, typically during the same titration night. There are minor differences in ASV titration protocols used in CSA due to opioid use in comparison …
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…receptors and thus induces vasodilation and can cause hypotension. Dose-response curve – Many agents have dose-response curves, such that the primary adrenergic receptor subtype activated by the drug is dose-dependent … therapy has been initiated. Common issues that arise include tachyphylaxis, which may require dose titration, and additional hemodynamic insults, which should be recognized and managed. Choice of an initial…

English Journal

Value of routine investigations to predict loop diuretic down-titration success in stable heart failure.

Martens P1, Verbrugge FH2, Boonen L2, Nijst P1, Dupont M2, Mullens W3.
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β-Cyclodextrins incorporated multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified electrode for the voltammetric determination of the pesticide dichlorophen.

Sipa K1, Brycht M1, Leniart A1, Urbaniak P1, Nosal-Wiercińska A2, Pałecz B3, Skrzypek S4.
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Preliminary findings on the correlation of saliva pH, buffering capacity, flow rate and consistency in relation to waterpipe tobacco smoking.

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