WordNet

the large trunk artery that carries blood from the left ventricle of the heart to branch arteries

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胸の,胸部の
大動脈

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/05/20 14:12:41」(JST)

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The thoracic aorta is contained in the posterior mediastinal cavity.

It begins at the lower border of the fourth thoracic vertebra where it is continuous with the aortic arch, and ends in front of the lower border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra, at the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm where it becomes the abdominal aorta.

At its commencement, it is situated on the left of the vertebral column; it approaches the median line as it descends; and, at its termination, lies directly in front of the column.

The vessel describes a curve which is concave forward; as the branches given off from it are small, its diminution in size is insignificant.

It has a radius of approximately 1.16 cm.^[1]

Relations [edit]

It is in relation, anteriorly, from above downward, with the root of the left lung, the pericardium, the esophagus, and the diaphragm; posteriorly, with the vertebral column and the azygos vein; on the right side, with the hemiazygos veins and thoracic duct; on the left side, with the left pleura and lung.

The esophagus, with its accompanying plexus of nerves, lies on the right side of the aorta above; but at the lower part of the thorax it is placed in front of the aorta, and, close to the diaphragm, is situated on its left side.

Branches [edit]

Branches before thoracic aorta [edit]

The initial part of the aorta, the ascending aorta, rises out of the left ventricle, from which it is separated by the aortic valve. The two coronary arteries of the heart arise from the aortic root, just above the cusps of the aortic valve.

The aorta then arches back over the right pulmonary artery. Three vessels come out of the aortic arch, the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery. These vessels supply blood to the head, neck, thorax and upper limbs.

Branches of thoracic aorta [edit]

The aorta gives off several paired branches as it descends in the thorax. In descending order, these include the

Bronchial arteries
Mediastinal arteries
Esophageal arteries
Pericardial arteries
Superior phrenic artery

Note: The posterior intercostal arteries are branches that originate throughout the length of the posterior aspect of the thoracic aorta.

Additional images [edit]

Thoracic aorta
Transverse section of thorax, showing relations of pulmonary artery.
The arch of the aorta, and its branches.

References [edit]

^ Solutions to the Van der Pol Equation: a Model of Aortic Blood Flow

External links [edit]

UCC

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 胸部大動脈瘤の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysm
2. 胸部大動脈瘤のマネージメントおよび転帰 management and outcome of thoracic aortic aneurysm
3. 胸部大動脈および近位腹部大動脈の心エコー評価 echocardiographic evaluation of the thoracic and proximal abdominal aorta
4. 血管内腹部大動脈修復術の合併症 complications of endovascular abdominal aortic repair
5. 心血管疾患の危険因子の概要 overview of the possible risk factors for cardiovascular disease

English Journal

Aortic valve stenosis: non-invasive preoperative evaluation using 64-slice CT angiography.

Ciolina F1, Sedati P, Zaccagna F, Galea N, Noce V, Miraldi F, Cavarretta E, Francone M, Carbone I.
The Journal of cardiovascular surgery.J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino).2015 Oct;56(5):799-808.
AIM: In patients affected by aortic valve stenosis (AS) it is mandatory to rule out coronary artery disease (CAD). The role of retrospectively ECG-gated 64-slice CT angiography (64-SCTA) was assessed in patients with AS referred for surgical valve replacement.METHODS: Forty-two patients with AS unde
PMID 26088011

Indications to open surgical repair of the thoracic aorta in the "endovascular" era.

Gaudric J1, Jouhannet C, Dennery M, Kagan N, Chiche L, Koskas F.
The Journal of cardiovascular surgery.J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino).2015 Oct;56(5):729-36. Epub 2015 Apr 21.
Endovascular techniques have deeply modified the indications to open surgical repair in nearly all the vascular tree and especially in areas where the invasiveness of open surgery is real like the thoracic aorta. However their anatomical and technological limits on one hand and uncertainty on their
PMID 25896513

An anatomical review of spinal cord blood supply.

Melissano G1, Bertoglio L, Rinaldi E, Leopardi M, Chiesa R.
The Journal of cardiovascular surgery.J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino).2015 Oct;56(5):699-706. Epub 2015 Apr 17.
Knowledge of the spinal cord (SC) vascular supply is important in patients undergoing procedures that involve the thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta. However, the SC vasculature has a complex anatomy, and teaching is often based only on anatomical sketches with highly variable accuracy; historicall
PMID 25881616

Japanese Journal

手術の工夫感染性胸腹部大動脈瘤に対する異種心膜ロールを用いたin situ再建術

胸部外科 = The Japanese journal of thoracic
NAID 40020630532

ICU・CCU : あんな症例,こんな症例(第43回)保存的加療を行った感染性胸部大動脈瘤破裂の1例

ICUとCCU = Japanese journal of intensive care medicine : 集中治療医学 39(10), 636-638, 2015-10
NAID 40020642191

症例緊張性血胸をきたした特発性大動脈破裂の1例

胸部外科 = The Japanese journal of thoracic
NAID 40020552006

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「胸大動脈」「pars thoracica aortae」
関連記事	「thoracic」

「胸大動脈」

Artery: Thoracic aorta
	The thoracic aorta, viewed from the left side.
	Histopathological image of dissecting aneurysm of thoracic aorta in a patient without evidence of Marfan's trait. The damaged aorta was surgically removed and replaced by artificial vessel. Victoria blue & HE stain.
Latin	pars thoracica aortae, aorta thoracalis
Gray's	subject #153 598
Source	descending aorta
Branches	bronchial arteries, esophageal arteries, posterior intercostal arteries, abdominal aorta
MeSH	Aorta,+Thoracic