WordNet

of this earth or world; "temporal joys"; "our temporal existence"
not eternal; "temporal matters of but fleeting moment"- F.D.Roosevelt
of or relating to or limited by time; "temporal processing"; "temporal dimensions"; "temporal and spacial boundaries"; "music is a temporal art"
of or relating to the temples (the sides of the skull behind the orbit); "temporal bone"
make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"

PrepTutorEJDIC

時の,時間の / この世の,現世の;俗界の / 一時的な,はかない
こめかみの
〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/09 03:49:10」(JST)

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The temporal muscle, also known as the temporalis, is one of the muscles of mastication. It is a broad, fan-shaped muscle on each side of the head that fills the temporal fossa, superior to the zygomatic arch so it covers much of the temporal bone.^[1]

Structure

In humans, it arises from the temporal fossa and the deep part of temporal fascia. It passes medial to the zygomatic arch and inserts onto the coronoid process of the mandible, with its insertion extending into the retromolar fossa posterior to the most distal mandibular molar.^[2] In other mammals, the muscle usually spans the dorsal part of the skull all the way up to the medial line. There, it may be attached to a sagittal crest, as can be seen in early hominins like Paranthropus aethiopicus.

The temporal muscle is covered by the temporal fascia, also known as the temporal aponeurosis.

The muscle is accessible on the temples, and can be seen and felt contracting while the jaw is clenching and unclenching.

Development

The temporalis is derived from the first pharyngeal arch in development.

Innervation

As with the other muscles of mastication, control of the temporal muscle comes from the third (mandibular) branch of the trigeminal nerve. Specifically, the muscle is innervated by the deep temporal nerves.

Blood supply

The muscle receives its blood supply from the deep temporal arteries which anastomose with the middle temporal artery.

Function

If the entire muscle contracts,the main action is to elevate the mandible, raising the lower jaw. Elevation of the mandible occurs during the closing of the jaws. If only the posterior part contracts, the muscle moves the lower jaw backward. Moving the lower jaw backward causes retraction of the mandible. Retraction of the jaw often accompanies the closing of the jaws.^[1]

When lower dentures are fitted, they should not extend into the retromolar fossa to prevent trauma of the mucosa due to the contraction of the temporalis muscle.^[2]

Additional images

Temporal muscle (red).
Muscles of head and neck
Temporal muscle.Deep dissection.Mummification process.

References

^ ^a ^b Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck, Fehrenbach and Herring, Elsevier, 2012, page 98
^ ^a ^b Human Anatomy, Jacobs, Elsevier, 2008, page 194

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Temporal muscles.

Origin, insertion and nerve supply of the muscle at Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine
Anatomy photo:27:04-0100 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Infratemporal Fossa: The Temporalis Muscle"
The anatomical basis for surgical preservation of temporal muscle, Kadri, et al., J Neurosurg 2004, 100:517–522 at http://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/documents/singerlab/files/Kadri%20et%20al.pdf
Temporalis Muscle Transfer, The Methodist Hospital System, Houston, TX, at http://www.methodistfacialparalysis.com/temporalis/

UpToDate Contents

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1. 神経筋疾患の評価における筋酵素 muscle enzymes in the evaluation of neuromuscular diseases
2. 筋力低下の評価における筋力検査 muscle examination in the evaluation of weakness
3. 慢性閉塞性肺疾患（COPD）における呼吸筋のトレーニングおよび安静 respiratory muscle training and resting in copd
4. 救急外来における急性の筋力低下を訴える成人の評価 evaluation of the adult with acute weakness in the emergency department
5. 側頭動脈生検の手技 temporal artery biopsy technique

English Journal

Identification of functional parameters for the classification of older female fallers and prediction of 'first-time' fallers.

König N1, Taylor WR2, Armbrecht G3, Dietzel R3, Singh NB1.
Journal of the Royal Society, Interface / the Royal Society.J R Soc Interface.2014 Aug 6;11(97):20140353. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0353.
Falls remain a challenge for ageing societies. Strong evidence indicates that a previous fall is the strongest single screening indicator for a subsequent fall and the need for assessing fall risk without accounting for fall history is therefore imperative. Testing in three functional domains (using
PMID 24898021

Axonal and Transynaptic Spread of Prions.

Shearin H1, Bessen RA2.
Journal of virology.J Virol.2014 Aug 1;88(15):8640-8655. Epub 2014 May 21.
Natural transmission of prion diseases depends upon the spread of prions from the nervous system to excretory or secretory tissues, but the mechanism of prion transport in axons and into peripheral tissue is unresolved. Here, we examined the temporal and spatial movement of prions from the brain ste
PMID 24850738

Anatomical study of medial zygomaticotemporal vein and its clinical implication regarding the injectable treatments.

Yang HM1, Jung W, Won SY, Youn KH, Hu KS, Kim HJ.
Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA.Surg Radiol Anat.2014 Jul 5. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: The medial zygomaticotemporal vein (MZTV), clinically known as sentinel vein, has been observed in the vicinity of the temporal branch of the facial nerve during endoscopic procedures aiming to lift the upper face. The aim of the present study was to describe the topography of the MZTV w
PMID 24996533

Japanese Journal

Experimental low-level jaw clenching inhibits temporal summation evoked by electrical stimulation in healthy human volunteers

Tada Hiroaki,Torisu Tetsurou,Tanaka Mihoko,Murata Hiroshi,De Laat Antoon,Svensson Peter
Archives of Oral Biology 60(5), 681-689, 2015-05
… Objective To examine the effect of low-level jaw clenching on temporal summation in healthy volunteers. …
NAID 120005600831

Correlation of stress and muscle activity of patients with different degrees of temporomandibular disorder

, , , , , ,
Journal of Physical Therapy Science 27(4), 1227-1231, 2015
… The aim of the present study was investigate the correlation of salivary cortisol levels with the activities of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles of patients with different degrees of temporomandibular disorder. …
NAID 130005067515

The effect of external cues with vibratory stimulation on spatiotemporal gait parameters in chronic stroke patients

, ,
Journal of Physical Therapy Science 27(2), 377-381, 2015
… [Methods] Each participant was subjected to six walking trials: three trials with vibratory stimulation of the tibialis anterior muscle and three trials without any stimulation. …
NAID 130004835179

Related Pictures

Temporal Muscle - YouTube Temporalis: Origin, insertion, innervation, function | Kenhub Muscles of Mastication (Chewing) Temporal Muscle Anatomy Overview - Human Anatomy | Kenhub - YouTube The Temporalis Muscle by Emily McDougall | Here is a medical… | Flickr Temporal muscle - Anatomy, Function, Innervation | Kenhub The Temporal Fossa - Anatomy, Borders & Contents | Kenhub

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「側頭筋」「temporalis muscle」
関連記事	「temporal」「muscle」

「側頭筋」

Temporal muscle
	The Temporalis; the zygomatic arch and Masseter have been removed.
Details
Latin	Musculus temporalis
Origin	Temporal lines on the parietal bone of the skull and the superior temporal surface of the sphenoid bone.
Insertion	Coronoid process of the mandible.
Artery	Deep temporal arteries
Nerve	Deep temporal nerves, branch(es) of the anterior division of the mandibular nerve (V3)
Actions	Elevation and retraction of mandible
Antagonist	Platysma muscle
Identifiers
TA	A04.1.04.005
FMA	FMA:49006
	Anatomical terms of muscle