WordNet

any of various enzymes that move a chemical group from one compound to another compound

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/13 07:33:54」(JST)

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In biochemistry, a synthase is an enzyme that catalyses a synthesis process. Following the EC number classification, they belong to the group of lyases, with ligases catalysing the reverse reaction.

Note that, originally, biochemical nomenclature distinguished synthetases and synthases. Under the original definition, synthases do not use energy from nucleoside triphosphates (such as ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP, and UTP), whereas synthetases do use nucleoside triphosphates. However, the Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (JCBN) dictates that 'synthase' can be used with any enzyme that catalyzes synthesis (whether or not it uses nucleoside triphosphates), whereas 'synthetase' is to be used synonymously with 'ligase'.^[1]

Examples

ATP synthase
Citrate synthase
Tryptophan synthase
Pseudouridine synthase
Fatty acid synthase
Cellulose synthase (UDP-forming)
Cellulose synthase (GDP-forming)

References

^ http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/newsletter/misc/synthase.html

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English Journal

Behavioral despair associated with a mouse model of Crohn's disease: Role of nitric oxide pathway.

Heydarpour P1, Rahimian R2, Fakhfouri G3, Khoshkish S1, Fakhraei N4, Salehi-Sadaghiani M1, Wang H5, Abbasi A6, Dehpour AR7, Ghia JE8.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2016 Jan 4;64:131-41. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.08.004. Epub 2015 Aug 9.
Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with increased psychiatric co-morbidities. Nitric oxide (NO) is implicated in inflammation and tissue injury in CD, and it may also play a central role in pathogenesis of the accompanying behavioral despair. This study investigated the role of the NO pathway in beh
PMID 26268932

Potential of the cannabinoid CB2 receptor as a pharmacological target against inflammation in Parkinson's disease.

Gómez-Gálvez Y1, Palomo-Garo C1, Fernández-Ruiz J2, García C3.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2016 Jan 4;64:200-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.03.017. Epub 2015 Apr 9.
Inflammation is an important pathogenic factor in Parkinson's disease (PD), so that it can contribute to kill dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra and to enhance the dopaminergic denervation of the striatum. The cannabinoid type-2 (CB2) receptor has been investigated as a potential anti-infl
PMID 25863279

Functional analysis of differentially expressed proteins in Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) fruits during ripening.

Chen YY1, Zhang ZH2, Zhong CY3, Song XM3, Lin QH2, Huang CM3, Huang RH3, Chen W4.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Jan 1;190:763-70. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.023. Epub 2015 Jun 10.
This study developed a proteome reference map of Myrica rubra fruits at the green, pink and red stages during ripening using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Forty-six differentially expressed proteins were detected in the gel, of which 43 were successfully identified by matrix-assisted l
PMID 26213036

Japanese Journal

Chemical tools for the study of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfane sulfur and their applications to biological studies

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 58(1), 7-15, 2016
NAID 130005116632

Protective effects of (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-L-biopterin on local ischemia/reperfusion-induced suppression of reactive hyperemia in rat gingiva

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 58(1), 69-75, 2016
NAID 130005116629

Antiinflammatory Activities of Crebanine by Inhibition of NF-κB and AP-1 Activation through Suppressing MAPKs and Akt Signaling in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 39(1), 54-61, 2016
NAID 130005116509

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「synthetase」「付加酵素」「合成酵素」「transferase」「3-オキソアシル・アシルキャリアータンパク質合成酵素」
拡張検索	「dihydropteroate synthase」「cystathionine beta-synthase」