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the connective tissue beneath mucous membrane

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1. 大きな結腸ポリープの内視鏡的切除 endoscopic removal of large colon polyps
2. 早期胃癌：治療、自然経過、および予後 early gastric cancer treatment natural history and prognosis
3. 消化管腫瘍の内視鏡的切除術の概要 overview of endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal tumors
4. 大腸ポリープ患者に対するアプローチ approach to the patient with colonic polyps
5. 早期胃癌：疫学、臨床症状、診断、および病期分類 early gastric cancer epidemiology clinical manifestations diagnosis and staging

English Journal

Expression and localization of purinergic P2Y(12) receptor in human nasal mucosa.

Shirasaki H1, Kanaizumi E, Seki N, Kikuchi M, Himi T.Author information 1Department of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan. shira@sapmed.ac.jpAbstractBACKGROUND: Extracellular nucleotides such as ATP and UTP are released from essentially all cells, and they interact with cell surface P2 receptors to produce a broad range of physiological responses. P2Y12 receptor is the major platelet receptor that mediates ADP-induced aggregation, P2Y12 receptor inhibitors such as clopidogrel and prasugrel inhibit platelet aggregation, and thus, they are used in the treatment and prevention of coronary artery disease. Recently, studies have focused on the P2Y12 receptor as a receptor for leukotriene E4 (LTE4), because this receptor is required for LTE4-mediated pulmonary inflammation. To establish the presence of P2Y12 receptor in human nasal mucosa, we investigated the expression and the localization of the P2Y12 receptor in human nasal mucosa.
Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology.Allergol Int.2013 Jun;62(2):239-44. doi: 10.2332/allergolint.12-OA-0496. Epub 2013 Apr 25.
BACKGROUND: Extracellular nucleotides such as ATP and UTP are released from essentially all cells, and they interact with cell surface P2 receptors to produce a broad range of physiological responses. P2Y12 receptor is the major platelet receptor that mediates ADP-induced aggregation, P2Y12 receptor
PMID 23612493

[Microdebrider-assisted inferior turbinoplasty. Minimally invasive technique for the treatment of nasal airway obstruction caused by enlarged turbinates].

Lorenz KJ1, Maier H.Author information 1Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081 Ulm, Germany. kai.lorenz@extern.uni-ulm.deAbstractBACKGROUND: Various methods are available for the surgical treatment of nasal airway obstruction caused by enlarged turbinates. These methods include partial turbinectomy, submucosal electrocautery, radiofrequency surgery, and laser turbinoplasty, all of which can have adverse effects such as defects of the mucous lining of the turbinates, prolonged postoperative healing, and bleeding. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effectiveness and potential adverse effects of microdebrider-assisted inferior turbinoplasty (MAIT), which is a less commonly used treatment option.
HNO.HNO.2013 Mar;61(3):240-9. doi: 10.1007/s00106-012-2553-7.
BACKGROUND: Various methods are available for the surgical treatment of nasal airway obstruction caused by enlarged turbinates. These methods include partial turbinectomy, submucosal electrocautery, radiofrequency surgery, and laser turbinoplasty, all of which can have adverse effects such as defect
PMID 23223921

[A modified technique for transsubmucosal maxilloethmoid sinus surgery through the inferior turbinate--transsubmucosal sinus surgery through the inferior turbinate].

Tsuta Y1, Murata K.Author information 1South Osaka Ear Nose & Throat Surgi-Center.AbstractIn 1993, in the Journal of the Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Society of Japan, the authors published an endoscopic endonasal approach to surgery for chronic sinusitis, performing a transsubmucosal maxillectomy, ethmoidectomy and sphenoidectomy through the inferior turbinate, which the authors tentatively termed "swinging of the nasolacrimal duct and inferior turbinate." With the original technique, some bony structure was left partially exposed during resection of the mucosa in some patients, who suffered from postoperative crust formation. This technique thus required improvement. To solve this problem, the authors made an antero-posterior incision along the inferior turbinate during submucosal turbinectomy. This technique has solved most of the problems and greatly reduced postoperative crust formation, thereby considerably reducing the time for postoperative wound healing as compared with that seen with the original technique. The authors report herein on this surgical technique and indication, an improvement on the original method.
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai kaiho.Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho.2013 Mar;116(3):170-3.
In 1993, in the Journal of the Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Society of Japan, the authors published an endoscopic endonasal approach to surgery for chronic sinusitis, performing a transsubmucosal maxillectomy, ethmoidectomy and sphenoidectomy through the inferior turbinate, which the authors tentatively
PMID 23678674