関: Ammon's horn、cornu ammonis、hippocampal formation、hippocampus、subicula、subicular

WordNet

a complex neural structure (shaped like a sea horse) consisting of grey matter and located on the floor of each lateral ventricle; intimately involved in motivation and emotion as part of the limbic system; has a central role in the formation of memories

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/16 18:47:47」(JST)

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The subiculum (Latin for "support") is the most inferior component of the hippocampal formation. It lies between the entorhinal cortex and the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus proper.

Structure

It receives input from CA1 and entorhinal cortical layer III pyramidal neurons and is the main output of the hippocampus. The pyramidal neurons send projections to the nucleus accumbens, septal nuclei, prefrontal cortex, lateral hypothalamus, nucleus reuniens, mammillary nuclei, entorhinal cortex and amygdala.

The pyramidal neurons in the subiculum exhibit transitions between two modes of action potential output: bursting and single spiking.^[1] The transitions between these two modes is thought to be important for routing information out of the hippocampus.

Function

It is believed to play a role in some cases of human epilepsy.^[2]^[3]

It has also been implicated in working memory^[4] and drug addiction.^[5]

It has been suggested that the dorsal subiculum is involved in spatial relations, and the ventral subiculum regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.^[6]

Clinical significance

Potential role in Alzheimer's Disease

Rat studies indicate that lesioning of the subiculum decreases the spread of amyloid-beta in rat models of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease pathology is thought to have prion-like properties. The disease tends to spread in characteristic sequence from the entorhinal cortex through the subiculum.^[7]

Additional images

Basic circuit of the hippocampus

References

^ Donald C. Cooper, Sungkwon Chung, Nelson Spruston, "Output-Mode Transitions Are Controlled by Prolonged Inactivation of Sodium Channels in Pyramidal Neurons of Subiculum," PLoS Biology, 3(6):e175, 2005 June.
^ Knopp A, Frahm C, Fidzinski P, Witte OW, Behr J (June 2008). "Loss of GABAergic neurons in the subiculum and its functional implications in temporal lobe epilepsy". Brain 131 (Pt 6): 1516–27. doi:10.1093/brain/awn095. PMID 18504292.
^ Stafstrom CE (2005). "The role of the subiculum in epilepsy and epileptogenesis". Epilepsy Curr 5 (4): 121–9. doi:10.1111/j.1535-7511.2005.00049.x. PMC 1198740. PMID 16151518.
^ Riegert C, Galani R, Heilig S, Lazarus C, Cosquer B, Cassel JC (June 2004). "Electrolytic lesions of the ventral subiculum weakly alter spatial memory but potentiate amphetamine-induced locomotion". Behav. Brain Res. 152 (1): 23–34. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2003.09.011. PMID 15135966.
^ Martin-Fardon R, Ciccocioppo R, Aujla H, Weiss F (July 2008). "The dorsal subiculum mediates the acquisition of conditioned reinstatement of cocaine-seeking". Neuropsychopharmacology 33 (8): 1827–34. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301589. PMID 17957218.
^ O'Mara S (September 2005). "The subiculum: what it does, what it might do, and what neuroanatomy has yet to tell us". J. Anat. 207 (3): 271–82. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00446.x. PMC 1571536. PMID 16185252.
^ George, Sonia; Annica Rönnbäck; Gunnar K Gouras; Géraldine H Petit; Fiona Grueninger; Bengt Winblad; Caroline Graff; Patrik Brundin (2014). "Lesion of the subiculum reduces the spread of amyloid beta pathology to interconnected brain regions in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease". Acta Neuropathologica Communications 2 (1): 17. doi:10.1186/2051-5960-2-17. ISSN 2051-5960. PMID 24517102.

External links

Photo
Photo
Stained brain slice images which include the "Subiculum" at the BrainMaps project

UpToDate Contents

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1. 新生児における脳室内出血の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of intraventricular hemorrhage in the newborn
2. 痙攣発作およびてんかんの病態生理 pathophysiology of seizures and epilepsy

English Journal

Differential toxicological response to positively and negatively charged nanoparticles in the rat brain.

Knudsen KB, Northeved H, Ek PK, Permin A, Andresen TL, Larsen S, Wegener KM, Lam HR, Lykkesfeldt J.Author information Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.AbstractAbstract We investigated the potential for systemic and local toxicity after administration of empty nanosized anionic and cationic PEGylated-micelles and non-PEGylated liposomes, without a ligand attached, intended for use in drug-delivery systems. The particles were administered to 5-6-week-old male rats by three intravenous (IV) administrations over a period of one week at a dose of 100 mg/kg bodyweight or after a single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection at a dose of 50 µg. The particles were stable and well characterised with respect to size and zeta potential. ICV administration of cationic particles was associated with histological changes near the injection site (hippocampus). Here, we detected focal infiltration with phagocytic cells, loss of neurons and apoptotic cell death, which were not observed after administration of the vehicle. No significant difference was found after IV or ICV administration of the anionic micelles with regard to haematology, clinical chemistry parameters or at the pathological examinations, as compared to control animals. Our study suggests that ICV delivery of cationic particles to the brain tissue is associated with toxicity at the injection site.
Nanotoxicology.Nanotoxicology.2014 Nov;8:764-74. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2013.829589.
Abstract We investigated the potential for systemic and local toxicity after administration of empty nanosized anionic and cationic PEGylated-micelles and non-PEGylated liposomes, without a ligand attached, intended for use in drug-delivery systems. The particles were administered to 5-6-week-old ma
PMID 23889261

Susceptibility to interference and intrusion errors in consequence of the dominant hemisphere's hippocampal infarct: A case report.

Andrejkovics M, Balla P, Bereczki D.Author information a Department of Psychiatry, Medical and Health Science Center , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary H-4032 Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98.AbstractWe present a case of a man with an ischemic lesion of the left hippocampus. Detailed neuropsychological assessment revealed susceptibility to retroactive interference and a tendency to make intrusion errors in addition to mild deficits in the verbal memory processes. Although retroactive interference and intrusion errors are normally considered to be the manifestations of frontal lobe dysfunctions, the idea of susceptibility to interference has recently begun to emerge in the literature, as an explanation of medial temporal lobe amnesia. Our data support this new theory, suggesting that one role of the hippocampus is to decrease the interference during the learning processes.
Neurocase.Neurocase.2014 Apr;20(2):183-91. doi: 10.1080/13554794.2012.741256. Epub 2013 Feb 13.
We present a case of a man with an ischemic lesion of the left hippocampus. Detailed neuropsychological assessment revealed susceptibility to retroactive interference and a tendency to make intrusion errors in addition to mild deficits in the verbal memory processes. Although retroactive interferenc
PMID 23406285

Resveratrol prevents impaired cognition induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress in rats.

Liu D1, Zhang Q1, Gu J1, Wang X2, Xie K1, Xian X1, Wang J3, Jiang H1, Wang Z4.Author information 1Institute of Medical Psychology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.2Institute of Bioscience, Luoyang Normal University, 71#, Longmen Road, Luoyang, Henan 471022, PR China; Institute of Medical Psychology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.3Institute of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.4Institute of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China. Electronic address: wangzhen@sdu.edu.cn.AbstractDepression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders and has been associated with impaired cognition, as well as causing neuroendocrine systems and brain proteins alterations. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol enriched in polygonum cuspidatum and has diverse biological activities, including potent antidepressant-like effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether resveratrol administration influences chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced cognitive deficits and explores underlying mechanisms. The results showed that CUMS (5weeks) was effective in producing cognitive deficits in rats as indicated by Morris water maze and novel object recognition task. Additionally, CUMS exposure significantly elevated serum corticosterone levels and decreased BDNF levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, accompanied by decreased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) and cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB). Chronic administration of resveratrol (80mg/kg, i.p., 5weeks) significantly prevented all these CUMS-induced behavioral and biochemical alterations. In conclusion, our study shows that resveratrol may be an effective therapeutic agent for cognitive disturbances as was seen within the stress model and its neuroprotective effect was mediated in part by normalizing serum corticosterone levels, up-regulating of the BDNF, pCREB and pERK levels.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2014 Mar 3;49:21-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.10.017. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
Depression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders and has been associated with impaired cognition, as well as causing neuroendocrine systems and brain proteins alterations. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol enriched in polygonum cuspidatum and has diverse biological activities, inclu
PMID 24184538

Japanese Journal

てんかん外科における海馬周辺の解剖と手術(<特集>側頭葉とその周辺の解剖と手術I-第25回微小脳神経外科解剖セミナー合同セッションより-)

岩崎真樹,冨永悌二
脳神経外科ジャーナル 21(8), 610-617, 2012-08-20
海馬切除はてんかん外科において最も汎用される手技の一つである.本稿では経シルビウス裂的選択的扁桃体海馬切除術を中心に扁桃体海馬切除に必要な解剖を概説した.シルビウス裂を剥離してから島限を切開し,側頭葉上面に平行に吸引を進めると側脳室が開放される,シルビウス裂を大きく開放し中大脳動脈に可動性をもたせることで,海馬の大きな視野が得られる.扁桃体を切除する際は鉤回の軟膜越しに前脈絡動脈の走行を必ず確認す …
NAID 110009480320

側頭葉内側の動脈と手術における留意点(<特集>側頭葉とその周辺の解剖と手術I-第25回微小脳神経外科解剖セミナー合同セッションより-)

川合謙介,斉藤延人
脳神経外科ジャーナル 21(8), 594-603, 2012-08-20
てんかんや脳腫瘍など側頭葉内側病変に対する手術では,側頭葉内側血管系の理解が重要である.前脈絡叢動脈は鉤上部表面に沿って後走し脈絡叢に入る.その脳槽部から分岐する鉤枝は鉤溝に入り海馬動脈と吻合する.重要な穿通枝である内包視床動脈は脈絡叢に入る直前または直後で分岐する.鉤切除の際は,軟膜下に進めれば前脈絡叢動脈損傷のリスクは少ないが,後方では脈絡叢の内側を走行する穿通枝に注意が必要である.また,上外 …
NAID 110009480318

Response of ERβ and aromatase expression in the monkey hippocampal formation to ovariectomy and menopause.

Higaki Sayuri,Takumi Ken,Itoh Mariko,Watanabe Gen,Taya Kazuyoshi,Shimizu Keiko,Hayashi Motoharu,Oishi Takao
Neuroscience research 72(2), 148-154, 2012
… In all monkeys tested, ERβ immunoreactivity was observed in interneurons located in the subiculum and the Ammon's horn, and most of these ERβ-immunoreactive neurons coexpressed a GABAergic neuron marker, parvalbumin. …
NAID 120003874260

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「cornu ammonis」「海馬台」「subicular」「subicula」

「cornu ammonis」

Subiculum
	Subiculum labeled at center left.
	Subiculum to CA1 transition Artist Don Cooper and Leah Leverich
Details
Part of	Temporal lobe
Artery	Posterior cerebral; Anterior choroidal
Identifiers
Acronym(s)	S
MeSH	A08.186.211.577.405
NeuroNames	hier-170
NeuroLex ID	Subiculum
TA	A14.1.09.326
FMA	74414
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy