streambed

　

WordNet

1. a channel occupied (or formerly occupied) by a stream (同)creek bed

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/16 20:04:27」(JST)

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The bed of this stream is armored with rocks, some very rounded (having had a longer life in the stream) and some not.

A stream bed is the channel bottom of a stream, river or creek; the physical confine of the normal water flow. The lateral confines or channel margins, during all but flood stage, are known as the stream banks or river banks. In fact, a flood occurs when a stream overflows its banks and flows onto its flood plain. As a general rule, the bed is that part of the channel, just at the "normal" water line and the banks are that part above the water line. However, because water flow varies, this differentiation is subject to local interpretation. Usually, the bed is kept clear of terrestrial vegetation, whereas the banks are subjected to water flow only during unusual or perhaps infrequent high water stages and therefore might support vegetation some or much of the time.

The old bed of the Mississippi River near Kaskaskia, Illinois, left behind after the river shifted

The descriptive terms right bank and left bank are relative to an observer looking downstream, in which the right bank is to the observer's right. A famous example of this is the naming of the two sides of the river Seine in Paris.

A woman digs in a dry stream bed in Kenya to find water during a drought.

The nature of any stream bed is always a function of the flow dynamics and the local geologic materials, influenced by that flow. With small streams in mesophytic regions, the nature of the stream bed is strongly responsive to conditions of precipitation runoff. Where natural conditions of either grassland or forest ameliorate peak flows, stream beds are stable, possibly rich, with organic matter and exhibit minimal scour. These streams support a rich biota. Where conditions produce unnatural levels of runoff, such as occurs below roads, the stream beds will exhibit a greater amount of scour, often down to bedrock and banks may be undercut. This process greatly increases watershed erosion and results in thinner soils, upslope from the stream bed, as the channel adjusts to the increase in flow.

Beds are usually what would be left once a stream is no longer in existence; the beds are usually well preserved even if they get buried, because the walls and canyons made by the stream usually have hard walls, usually soft sand and debris fill the bed. Dry stream beds are also subject to becoming underground water pockets (buried stream beds only) and flooding by heavy rains and water rising from the ground and may sometimes be part of the rejuvenation of the stream.

See also

• Armor (hydrology)
• Benthic zone
• Hyporheic zone

English Journal

• Contrasting controls on the phosphorus concentration of suspended particulate matter under baseflow and storm event conditions in agricultural headwater streams.

• Cooper RJ1, Rawlins BG2, Krueger T3, Lézé B4, Hiscock KM4, Pedentchouk N4.
• The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2015 Nov 15;533:49-59. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.113. Epub 2015 Jul 3.
• Whilst the processes involved in the cycling of dissolved phosphorus (P) in rivers have been extensively studied, less is known about the mechanisms controlling particulate P concentrations during small and large flows. This deficiency is addressed through an analysis of large numbers of suspended p
• PMID 26150307

• Breeding habitat preference of preimaginal black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Peninsular Malaysia.

• Ya'cob Z1, Takaoka H2, Pramual P3, Low VL2, Sofian-Azirun M2.
• Acta tropica.Acta Trop.2015 Oct 14. pii: S0001-706X(15)30130-3. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.10.007. [Epub ahead of print]
• To investigate the breeding habitat preference of black flies, a comprehensive black fly survey was conducted for the first time in Peninsular Malaysia. Preimaginal black flies (pupae and larvae) were collected manually from 180 stream points encompassing northern, southern, central and east coast o
• PMID 26476394

• Seasonal biodiversity of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) and evaluation of ecological factors influencing species distribution at Doi Pha Hom Pok National Park, Thailand.

• Srisuka W1, Takaoka H2, Otsuka Y3, Fukuda M4, Thongsahuan S5, Taai K6, Choochote W7, Saeung A8.
• Acta tropica.Acta Trop.2015 Sep;149:212-9. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.05.024. Epub 2015 May 28.
• This is the first study on the seasonal biodiversity of black flies and evaluation of ecological factors influencing their distribution at Doi Pha Hom Pok National Park, northern Thailand. Larvae were collected from six fixed-stream sites in relation to altitude gradients from May 2011 to April 2013
• PMID 26028177

Japanese Journal

• でこぼこした河床と平滑な河床に対するアユの生息場所選択

• 阿部 信一郎
• 水産増殖 60(4), 445-449, 2012-12-00
• NAID 40019543900

• Diversity of Purple Phototrophic Bacteria, Inferred from pufM Gene, within Epilithic Biofilm in Tama River, Japan

• HIROSE SETSUKO,NAGASHIMA KENJI V. P.,MATSUURA KATSUMI,HARUTA SHIN
• Microbes and environments 27(3), 327-329, 2012-09-01
• … The diversity of purple phototrophic bacteria in algae-dominated biofilm of a streambed in Tama River, Japan was investigated. …
• NAID 10030869748

• Indirect effects of excessive deer browsing through understory vegetation on stream insect assemblages

• SAKAI Masaru,NATUHARA Yosihiro,IMANISHI Ayumi,IMAI Kensuke,KATO Makoto
• Population ecology 54(1), 65-74, 2012-01-01
• … The overland flow runoff rate at midslope and the dominancy of fine sediment deposition in the streambed were higher outside than inside. … These results suggest that the demise of understory vegetation due to excessive deer browsing has indirectly caused changes in the aquatic insect assemblages of this catchment via increased sediment runoff and subsequent sandy sedimentation of the streambed. …
• NAID 10030887157

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• streambed - Definition of streambed - Dictionary definitions ...

+ Add to Word List Create new word list More... Word List Title: 3 to 50 characters max. Word List Description: 3 to 250 characters max. Shared Private Definitions streambed [strēm′bed′] streambed definition by Webster's New ...

• Streambed - Definition and More from the Free Merriam ...

Definition of STREAMBED: the channel occupied or formerly occupied by a stream First Known Use of STREAMBED 1857 Rhymes with STREAMBED abed, ahead, airhead, baldhead, beachhead, bedspread, bedstead, beebread, behead ...

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