WordNet

work natural fibers into a thread; "spin silk"
prolong or extend; "spin out a visit" (同)spin out
the act of rotating rapidly; "he gave the crank a spin"; "it broke off after much twisting" (同)twirl, twist, twisting, whirl
a distinctive interpretation (especially as used by politicians to sway public opinion); "the campaign put a favorable spin on the story"
a short drive in a car; "he took the new car for a spin"
a swift whirling motion (usually of a missile)
revolve quickly and repeatedly around ones own axis; "The dervishes whirl around and around without getting dizzy" (同)spin around, whirl, reel, gyrate
form a web by making a thread; "spiders spin a fine web"
make up a story; "spin a yarn"
stream in jets, of liquids; "The creek spun its course through the woods"
twist and turn so as to give an intended interpretation; "The Presidents spokesmen had to spin the story to make it less embarrassing"
stack in cords; "cord firewood"
a unit of amount of wood cut for burning; 128 cubic feet
a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton (同)corduroy
a light insulated conductor for household use (同)electric cord
a line made of twisted fibers or threads; "the bundle was tied with a cord"
bind or tie with a cord
an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
of or relating to the spine or spinal cord; "spinal cord"; "spinal injury"
caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology; "diseased tonsils"; "a morbid growth"; "pathologic tissue"; "pathological bodily processes" (同)morbid, pathologic, pathological

PrepTutorEJDIC

(羊毛などから)〈糸など〉‘を'『紡ぐ』《+『名』+『out of』+『名』〈羊毛〉》,(糸などに)〈羊毛など〉‘を'紡ぐ《+『名』〈羊毛〉+『into』+『名』》 / 〈クモ・カイコなどが〉〈糸〉‘を'『吐く』;〈巣・繭〉‘を'かける / …‘を'くるくる回す / 〈物語など〉‘を'作る,話す / 『糸を紡ぐ』;〈クモ・カイコなどが〉糸を吐く / 〈こまなどが〉くるくる回る / 〈車などが〉疾走する / 〈頭などが〉くらくらする / 〈C〉〈U〉くるくる回すこと;回転 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(車などの)一走り / 〈C〉(飛行機の)きりもみ降下 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(価値などの)急落
〈U〉〈C〉『綱,ひも』(stringより太くropeより細い) / 〈U〉〈C〉束縛,きずな / 〈C〉〈U〉(電気の)『コード』,線 / (またchord)〈C〉(動物体の)索状組織,腱(けん) / 〈C〉うね織り,(特に)コールテン;(うね織りの)うね;《複数形で》コールテンのズボン / 〈C〉コード(材木の容積の単位で約6.25m) / …'を'綱(ひも)で縛る
(体の)『病気』,疾患 / (精神・道徳などの)病気,病弊
女性の話術芸人 =diseur
背骨の / せき髄麻酔
病気にかかった / 病的な,不健全な(morbid)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/24 16:52:11」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Myelopathy refers to pathology of the spinal cord.^[1] When due to trauma, it is known as spinal cord injury. When inflammatory, it is known as myelitis. Disease that is vascular in nature is known as vascular myelopathy.

Clinical signs and symptoms depend on which spinal cord level (cervical, thoracic or lumbar) is affected and the extent (anterior, posterior or lateral) of the pathology, and may include:

upper motor neuron signs (weakness, spasticity, clumsiness, altered tonus)
pathological hyperreflexia and inverted Plantar reflex (positive Babinski sign)
sensory deficits
bowel/bladder symptoms and sexual dysfunction.

Differential diagnosis of chronic myelopathy is extensive.^[2]

The presence and severity of myelopathy can be evaluated by means of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), a neurophysiological method that allows the measurement of the time required for a neural impulse to cross the pyramidal tracts, starting from the cerebral cortex and ending at the anterior horn cells of the cervical, thoracic or lumbar spinal cord. This measurement is called Central Conduction Time (CCT). TMS can aid physicians to:^[3]

determine whether myelopathy exists
identify the level of the spinal cord where myelopathy is located. This is especially useful in cases where more than two lesions may be responsible for the clinical symptoms and signs, such as in patients with two or more cervical disc hernias^[4]
follow-up the progression of myelopathy in time, for example before and after cervical spine surgery

TMS can also help in the differential diagnosis of different causes of pyramidal tract damage.^[5]

References

^ "myelopathy" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ Myelopathy differential diagnosis web site
^ Chen R, Cros D, Curra A, Di Lazzaro V, Lefaucheur JP, Magistris MR, Mills K, Rösler KM, Triggs WJ, Ugawa Y, Ziemann U. The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation: report of an IFCN committee. Clin Neurophysiol. 2008 Mar;119(3):504-32.
^ Deftereos SN et al. (April–June 2009). "Localisation of cervical spinal cord compression by TMS and MRI". Funct Neurol 24 (2): 99–105. PMID 19775538.
^ Chen R, Cros D, Curra A et al. (March 2008). "The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation: report of an IFCN committee". Clin Neurophysiol 119 (3): 504–32. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2007.10.014. PMID 18063409.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 急性外傷性脊髄損傷 acute traumatic spinal cord injury
2. 脊髄損傷および疾患の慢性合併症 chronic complications of spinal cord injury and disease
3. 脊髄に影響を与える疾患 disorders affecting the spinal cord
4. 脊髄障害の解剖学および局在性 anatomy and localization of spinal cord disorders
5. 小児における、放射線検査で異常がない脊髄損傷（SCIWORA） spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality sciwora in children

English Journal

A novel nanoparticle containing MOG peptide with BTLA induces T cell tolerance and prevents multiple sclerosis.

Yuan B, Zhao L, Fu F, Liu Y, Lin C, Wu X, Shen H, Yang Z.SourceDepartment of Neurosurgery, The 476th Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, China.
Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2014 Feb;57(2):93-9. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.08.006. Epub 2013 Sep 28.
Accumulative evidence demonstrates that multiple sclerosis (MS) is caused by activation of myelin Ag-reactive CD4+ T cells. Therefore, the CD4+ T cells specific for myelin Ag may be the important therapeutical target of MS. The novel coinhibitory receptor B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) may hav
PMID 24084097

Surgery for kyphosis.

Zileli M.SourceDepartment of Neurosurgery, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, 1421 sok 61-5, Alsancak, Izmir, 35230, Turkey, zilelim@gmail.com.
Advances and technical standards in neurosurgery.Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg.2014;41:71-103. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-01830-0_4.
Kyphosis is a difficult topic of spinal surgery, and its management contains many controversies. Surgical management needs consideration of different aspects of the kyphotic deformity such as neurological status, the presence of spinal cord compression, angle of the kyphosis, the quality of bone, an
PMID 24309921

Craniovertebral junction pathological features and their management in the mucopolysaccharidoses.

Sganzerla EP, Giussani C, Grimaldi M, Parini R, Ingelmo P, Trezza A, Visocchi M.SourceClinica Neurochirurgica, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo, via Pergolesi 33, Monza (MB), 20900, Italy, erikpietros@tiscali.it.
Advances and technical standards in neurosurgery.Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg.2014;40:313-31. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-01065-6_11.
The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are multisystemic inherited metabolic diseases caused by the deficiency of the enzymes involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which variably involve the central nervous system, heart, lungs, and bones.Undegraded or only partly degraded GAGs accumula
PMID 24265052

Japanese Journal

Nationwide survey on the epidemiology of syringomyelia in Japan

Sakushima Ken,Tsuboi Satoshi,Yabe Ichiro,Hida Kazutoshi,Terae Satoshi,Uehara Ritei,Nakano Imaharu,Sasaki Hidenao
Journal of the Neurological Sciences 313(1-2), 147-152, 2012-02-15
… Background: Syringomyelia is a rare disease characterized by abnormal fluid-filled cavities within the spinal cord, and is associated with Chiari malformations, arachnoiditis, or spinal cord tumors. …
NAID 120003898271

Central Nervous System Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of Spinal Cord Developing 20 Years After Curative Treatment of Pineal Tumor : Case Report

FUJISAWA Hironori,KANEKO Takuro,TOHMA Yasuo,KIDA Shinya,KAIZAKI Yasuharu
Neurologia medico-chirurgica = 神経外科 51(8), 596-599, 2011-08-15
… A 65-year-old male who had previously received curative treatment for a pineal tumor presented with an extremely rare case of primary central nervous system (CNS) primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the spinal cord manifesting as progressive tetraparesis. … The results were negative and systemic workup revealed no other disease. …
NAID 10029338376