WordNet

a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt) (同)Na, atomic number 11

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ソジウム,ナトリウム(金属元素;化学記号はNa)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/28 07:29:01」(JST)

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Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is a hexamer of composition (NaPO₃)₆.^[2] Sodium hexametaphosphate of commerce is typically a mixture of polymeric metaphosphates, of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name. It is more correctly termed sodium polymetaphosphate.

Uses

SHMP is used as a sequestrant and has applications within a wide variety of industries, including as a food additive in which it is used under the E number E452i. Sodium carbonate is sometimes added to SHMP to raise the pH to 8.0–8.6, which produces a number of SHMP products used for water softening and detergents.

A significant use for sodium hexametaphosphate is as a deflocculant in the production of clay-based ceramic particles.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] It is also used as a dispersing agent to break down clay and other soil types.^[7]

It is used as an active ingredient in toothpastes as an anti-staining and tartar prevention ingredient.^[8]

Food additive

Artificial maple syrup, canned milk, cheese powders and dips, imitation cheese, whipped topping, packaged egg whites, roast beef, fish fillets, fruit jelly, frozen desserts, salad dressing, herring, breakfast cereal, ice cream, beer, and bottled beverages, among other foods, can contain sodium hexametaphosphate. ^[9]^[10]^[11]

Preparation

SHMP is prepared by heating monosodium orthophosphate to generate sodium acid pyrophosphate:

2 NaH₂PO₄ → Na₂H₂P₂O₇ + H₂O

Subsequently, the pyrophosphate is heated to give the corresponding sodium hexametaphosphate:

3 Na₂H₂P₂O₇ → (NaPO₃)₆ + 3 H₂O

followed by rapid cooling.

Reactions

SHMP hydrolyzes in aqueous solution, particularly under acidic conditions, to sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium orthophosphate.^[12]

References

^ Merck Index, 12th Edition, Sodium polymetaphosphate, 8814
^ Van Wazer, John R. Phosphorus and its compounds. New York : Interscience Publishers (1958)
^ The Role Of Sodium Hexametaphosphate In The Dissolution Process Of Kaolinite And KaolinF. Andreola; E.Castellini; T.Manfredini; M.Romagnoli. Journal Of The European Ceramic Society, Volume 24, Number 7, June 2004.
^ Impact Of Dispersants On The Mechanical Strength Development Of Alumina-Spinel Self-Flowing Refractory Castables. Sasan Otroj, Mohammad Reza Nilforushan, Arash Daghighi, Reza Marzban. Ceramics – Silikáty 54 (3) 284–289 (2010)
^ Effect Of Adding Sodium Hexametaphosphate Liquefier On Basic Properties Of Calcium Phosphate Cements. S. Hesaraki; A. Zamanian; F. Moztarzadeh. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A. Vol. 88A, No. 2, 2009
^ Study Of Clay’s Mineralogy Effect On Rheological Behavior Of Ceramic Suspensions Using An Experimental Design. Afef Jmal Ayadi; Julien Soro; Amel Kamoun; Samir Baklouti. International Journal of Recent Research and Applied Studies 14 (2). February 2013.
^ ASTM D422 – 63(2007) Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils.
^ Crest Pro-Health Frequently Asked Questions
^ http://www.befoodsmart.com/ingredients/sodium-hexametaphosphate.php
^ http://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/foodadditivesingredients/ucm091048.htm
^ http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr=173.310
^ Van Wazer, John (1958). Phosphorus and its Compounds. New York: Interscience Publishers. Retrieved 7 April 2015.

External links

Occupational Health and Safety Agency for Healthcare in British Columbia
Use of phosphates (including sodium hexametaphosphate) in industry
Material Safety Data Sheet

UpToDate Contents

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1. 腎集合管ナトリウムチャンネルの遺伝的障害：リドル症候群および偽性低アルドステロン
症1型 genetic disorders of the collecting tubule sodium channel liddles syndrome and pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1
2. バーター症候群およびギテルマン症候群 bartter and gitelman syndromes
3. 低ナトリウム血症患者の評価 evaluation of the patient with hyponatremia
4. 成人における体液量減少の病因、臨床症状、および診断 etiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis of volume depletion in adults
5. 低ナトリウム血症患者におけるナトリウム欠乏の評価 estimation of the sodium deficit in patients with hyponatremia

English Journal

Water-based chitosan/melamine polyphosphate multilayer nanocoating that extinguishes fire on polyester-cotton fabric.

Leistner M1, Abu-Odeh AA2, Rohmer SC3, Grunlan JC4.
Carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydr Polym.2015 Oct 5;130:227-32. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.005. Epub 2015 May 14.
Polyester-cotton (PECO) blends are widely used in the textile industry because they combine the softness of cotton and the strength and durability of polyester. Unfortunately, both fiber types share the disadvantage of being flammable. The layer-by-layer coating technique was used to deposit a highl
PMID 26076621

A new silver nanochain SERS analytical platform to detect trace hexametaphosphate with a rhodamine S molecular probe.

Shang G1, Li C1, Wen G1, Zhang X1, Liang A1, Jiang Z1.
Luminescence : the journal of biological and chemical luminescence.Luminescence.2015 Aug 17. doi: 10.1002/bio.3004. [Epub ahead of print]
Using AgNO3 as the precursor, stable silver nanochain (AgNC) sols, orange-red in color, were prepared using hydrazine hydrate. A strong surface plasmon resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak occurred at 420 nm plus two surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peaks at 410 nm and 510 nm. Rh
PMID 26280554

Effects of sodium tri- and hexametaphosphate on proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenic potential of human dental pulp cells.

Bae WJ1, Jue SS2, Kim SY3, Moon JH4, Kim EC5.
Journal of endodontics.J Endod.2015 Jun;41(6):896-902. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.01.038. Epub 2015 Mar 14.
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the effects of 2 inorganic polyphosphates (poly[P]) are linear polymers of orthophosphate (Pi) residues linked by energy-rich phosphoanhydride poly(P) compounds, sodium triphosphate (STP, Na5P3O10) and sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP, Na15P13O40 ∼ Na2
PMID 25777500

Japanese Journal

Selective Dispersion of Rejected Iron Ore Ultra Fines for Feed to Blast Furnace and Minimize Environmental Issues

ISIJ international 51(11), 1929-1933, 2011-11-15
NAID 10030745896

B303 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE DIRECT PREPARATION OF GLASS-CERAMIC FROM THE SLAG OF BLAST-FURNACE(Combustion-9)

Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering : ICOPE 2009(3), "3-77"-"3-78", 2009-11-16
NAID 110008064092

Hydrothermal Synthesis of (K,Na)NbO3 Particles

Jpn J Appl Phys 47(9), 7685-7688, 2008-09-25
NAID 150000051418

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リンク元	「ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム」

「ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム」

Sodium hexametaphosphate^[1]
Names
	Other names Calgon S; Glassy sodium; Graham's salt; Hexasodium metaphosphate; Metaphosphoric acid, hexasodium salt
Identifiers
CAS Number	10124-56-8
ChemSpider	23340
EC Number	233-343-1
	InChI InChI=1S/6Na.H6O18P6/c;;;;;;1-19(2)13-20(3,4)15-22(7,8)17-24(11,12)18-23(9,10)16-21(5,6)14-19/h;;;;;;(H,1,2)(H,3,4)(H,5,6)(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12)/q6*+1;/p-6 Key: GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H ;
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
MeSH	sodium+polymetaphosphate
PubChem	24968
	SMILES [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 ;
Properties
Chemical formula	Na; 6P; 6O; 18
Molar mass	611.7704 g mol−1
Appearance	White crystals
Odor	odorless
Density	2.484 g/cm3
Melting point	628 °C (1,162 °F; 901 K)
Boiling point	1,500 °C (2,730 °F; 1,770 K)
Solubility in water	soluble
Solubility	insoluble in organic solvents
Refractive index (nD)	1.482
Hazards
Main hazards	Irritant
Safety data sheet	hazard.com
S-phrases	S24/25
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (Median dose)	3.053 g kg−1
Related compounds
Other anions	Trisodium phosphate; Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Pentasodium triphosphate
Related compounds	Sodium trimetaphosphate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

　　[★]

英: sodium hexametaphosphate

[1] Merck Index, 12th Edition, Sodium polymetaphosphate, 8814

[2] Van Wazer, John R. Phosphorus and its compounds. New York : Interscience Publishers (1958)

[3] The Role Of Sodium Hexametaphosphate In The Dissolution Process Of Kaolinite And KaolinF. Andreola; E.Castellini; T.Manfredini; M.Romagnoli. Journal Of The European Ceramic Society, Volume 24, Number 7, June 2004.

[4] Impact Of Dispersants On The Mechanical Strength Development Of Alumina-Spinel Self-Flowing Refractory Castables. Sasan Otroj, Mohammad Reza Nilforushan, Arash Daghighi, Reza Marzban. Ceramics – Silikáty 54 (3) 284–289 (2010)

[5] Effect Of Adding Sodium Hexametaphosphate Liquefier On Basic Properties Of Calcium Phosphate Cements. S. Hesaraki; A. Zamanian; F. Moztarzadeh. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A. Vol. 88A, No. 2, 2009

[6] Study Of Clay’s Mineralogy Effect On Rheological Behavior Of Ceramic Suspensions Using An Experimental Design. Afef Jmal Ayadi; Julien Soro; Amel Kamoun; Samir Baklouti. International Journal of Recent Research and Applied Studies 14 (2). February 2013.

[7] ASTM D422 – 63(2007) Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils.

[8] Crest Pro-Health Frequently Asked Questions

[9] ttp://www.befoodsmart.com/ingredients/sodium-hexametaphosphate.php

[10] ttp://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/foodadditivesingredients/ucm091048.htm

[11] ttp://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr=173.310

[12] Van Wazer, John (1958). Phosphorus and its Compounds. New York: Interscience Publishers. Retrieved 7 April 2015.

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sodium hexametaphosphate