WordNet

hand over one and receive another, approximately equivalent; "exchange prisoners"; "exchange employees between branches of the company"
chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another
reciprocal transfer of equivalent sums of money (especially the currencies of different countries); "he earns his living from the interchange of currency" (同)interchange
the act of changing one thing for another thing; "Adam was promised immortality in exchange for his disobedience"; "there was an interchange of prisoners" (同)interchange
(chess) gaining (or losing) a rook in return for a knight or bishop; "black lost the exchange"
(chess) the capture by both players (usually on consecutive moves) of pieces of equal value; "the endgame began after the exchange of queens"
a workplace for buying and selling; open only to members
the act of giving something in return for something received; "deductible losses on sales or exchanges of property are allowable"
a mutual expression of views (especially an unpleasant one); "they had a bitter exchange"
give to, and receive from, one another; "Would you change places with me?"; "We have been exchanging letters for a year" (同)change, interchange
a female person who has the same parents as another person; "my sister married a musician" (同)sis
a female person who is a fellow member of a sorority or labor union or other group; "none of her sisters would betray her"
(Roman Catholic Church) a title given to a nun (and used as a form of address); "the Sisters taught her to love God"
one of two identical strands into which a chromosome splits during mitosis
changed for (replaced by) something different

PrepTutorEJDIC

…‘を'『取り替える』;(…と)…‘を'取り替える《+『名』+『for』+『名』》 / …‘を'『取り交わす』;(人と)…‘を'取り交わす《+『名』+『with』+『名』〈人〉》 / (化幣が)両替される / 〈U〉〈C〉(物の物との)『取り替え』《+『of』+『名』+『for』+『名』》;(相手と物を)『交換すること』《+『of』+『名』(複数)+『with』+『名』〈人〉》 / 〈C〉交換物,取り替え品 / 〈C〉取引所;(電話の)交換局 / 〈U〉両替;為替(かわせ),為替相場 / 〈C〉=employment exchange
(父母,またその一方が同じ)『~』,『妹』,女のきょうだい / (姉妹のように)親しい女の友(仲間) / (教会・クラブなどの)婦人会員 / (カトリック教会の)修道女,尼僧,シスター / 《英》看護婦長 / 姉妹のような関係にある

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/10/21 15:19:43」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Metaphase spread of a cell line showing a ring chromosome (R) and several sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), some of which are indicated by arrows.

Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is the exchange of genetic material between two identical sister chromatids.

It was first discovered by using the Giemsa staining method on one chromatid belonging to the sister chromatid complex before anaphase in mitosis. The staining revealed that few segments were passed to the sister chromatid which were not dyed. The Giemsa staining was able to stain due to the presence of bromodeoxyuridine analogous base which was introduced to the desired chromatid.

The reason for the (SCE) is not known but it is required and used as a mutagenic testing of many products. Four to five sister chromatid exchange per chromosome pair, per mitosis is in the normal distribution, 14-100 exchanges is not normal and presents a danger to the organism. SCE is elevated in pathologies including Bloom syndrome, in which distributions reach 100-160 per chromosome pair per mitosis. Frequent Sister Chromatid Exchange may also be related to formation of tumors.

Sister chromatid exchange has also been observed more frequently in B51(+) Behçet's disease.^[1]

External links

Sister+chromatid+exchange at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

References

^ Ikbal M, Atasoy M, Pirim I, Aliagaoglu C, Karatay S, Erdem T (February 2006). "The alteration of sister chromatid exchange frequencies in Behçet's disease with and without HLA-B51". J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 20 (2): 149–52. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.01386.x. PMID 16441621.

UpToDate Contents

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1. ブルーム症候群 bloom syndrome
2. 染色体の転座、欠失、および逆位 chromosomal translocations deletions and inversions
3. アシュケナージ系ユダヤ人集団における遺伝的疾患の出生前スクリーニング prenatal screening for genetic disease in the ashkenazi jewish population
4. ペリツェウス・メルツバッハー病 pelizaeus merzbacher disease
5. アフェレシス治療（血漿交換または血球アフェレシス）：適応およびテクノロジー therapeutic apheresis plasma exchange or cytapheresis indications and technology

English Journal

Genotoxicity assessment in patients with thalassemia minor.

Al-Sweedan SA, Khabour O, Isam R.SourceDepartment of Pediatrics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Mutation research.Mutat Res.2012 May 15;744(2):167-71. Epub 2012 Mar 5.
Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that affects both genders and results in reduced synthesis of hemoglobin, and thus causing anemia. Previous studies have shown that the severe form of this disease, thalassemia major, is associated with genotoxicity. This includes increases in the level of
PMID 22414564

sESTRAGOLE: A WEAK DIRECT-ACTING FOOD-BORNE GENOTOXIN AND POTENTIAL CARCINOGEN [title modified; Ed.].

Martins C, Cação R, Cole KJ, Phillips DH, Laires A, Rueff J, Rodrigues AS.SourceCIGMH, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, R. da Junqueira 100, P 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.
Mutation research.Mutat Res.2012 May 2. [Epub ahead of print]
We evaluated the genotoxicity of the food-flavouring agent estragole in V79 cells using the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay and the alkaline comet assay. Unexpectedly, we observed an increase in SCE without an exogenous biotransformation system (S9) and a decrease in its presence. Positive res
PMID 22561883

Japanese Journal

Olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf extract counteracts genotoxicity and oxidative stress of permethrin in human lymphocytes

Türkez Hasan,Toğar Baak
The Journal of Toxicological Sciences 36(5), 531-537, 2011
… Anti-genotoxic activities of OLE were studied using sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and chromosome aberration (CA) tests and furthermore total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status (TOS) were examined to determine the oxidative damage. …
NAID 130001185619