WordNet

used of flowers having usually only one row or whorl of petals; "single chrysanthemums resemble daisies and may have more than one row of petals"
a base hit on which the batter stops safely at first base (同)bingle
not divided among or brought to bear on more than one object or objective; "judging a contest with a single eye"; "a single devotion to duty"; "undivided affection"; "gained their exclusive attention" (同)undivided, exclusive
existing alone or consisting of one entity or part or aspect or individual; "upon the hill stood a single tower"; "had but a single thought which was to escape"; "a single survivor"; "a single serving"; "a single lens"; "a single thickness"
having uniform application; "a single legal code for all"
hit a single; "the batter singled to left field"
the time when something ends; "it was the death of all his plans"; "a dying of old hopes" (同)dying, demise
the time at which life ends; continuing until dead; "she stayed until his death"; "a struggle to the last" (同)last
the absence of life or state of being dead; "he seemed more content in death than he had ever been in life"
the permanent end of all life functions in an organism or part of an organism; "the animal died a painful death"
the act of killing; "he had two deaths on his conscience"
the event of dying or departure from life; "her death came as a terrible shock"; "upon your decease the capital will pass to your grandchildren" (同)decease, expiry
to make melodious sounds; "The nightingale was singing"
deliver by singing; "Sing Christmas carols"
produce tones with the voice; "She was singing while she was cooking"; "My brother sings very well"
duplicate or match; "The polished surface twinned his face and chest in reverse" (同)duplicate, parallel
give birth to twins
grow as twins; "twin crystals"
either of two offspring born at the same time from the same pregnancy

PrepTutorEJDIC

《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『たった一つ』(『一人』)『の』,単独の;《否定文で》ただ一つ(一人)(もない) / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『一人用の』・『独身の』・《名詞の前にのみ用いて》個々の,別々の / 単一の,単式の;(花が)一重咲きの,単弁の / 《英》(切符が)片道の / 〈C〉一人,1個;独身者 / 〈C〉《話》(ホテルの部屋,船室,列車寝台などの)一人用 / 〈C〉(野球で)シングルヒット,単打 / 《複数形で》(テニスなどの)シングルスの試合,単試合 / 《英》片道切符 / 《複数形で》《話》1ドル(ポンド)札 / …‘を'1人(1個)だけ選び出す《+『out』+『名,』+『名』+『out』》 / (野球で)シングルヒットを打つ
〈U〉〈C〉『死』,死亡;死に方,死にざま / 〈U〉死んだ[ような]状体 / 《the~》(…の)絶滅,破滅《+『of』+『名』》 / 《the~》(…の)死の原因,命取り《+『of』+『名』》 / 《通例『D-』》死神(手に鎌(かマ)を持った黒装束の骸骨(がいこつ)で表される)
《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
『歌う』;(…に)歌って聞かせる《+『to』(『for』)+『名』》;(楽器に合わせて)歌う《+『to』+『名』》・〈小鳥・虫などが〉『鳴く』,さえずる / 《文》(…を)詩(歌)にする,(詩(歌)を詠んで)賛美する《+『of』+『名』》・〈小川・風・弾丸・湯沸かし・耳などが〉歌うように鳴る・《米語》自白する;密告する・〈歌〉‘を'歌う・《副詞[句]を伴って》歌って…‘を'(…に)する・…‘を'唱える,詠唱する・《文》…‘を'詩(歌)にする,(詩(歌)に詠んで)賛美する・合唱の集い
『双生児の一人』;《複数形で》双生児,ふたご / よく似た人(物)の片方;《複数形で》対 / ふたごの;対の / 〈ある都市〉‘を'(…と)姉妹関係にする《+名+with+名》

UpToDate Contents

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1. 一絨毛膜性双胎妊娠 monoamniotic twin pregnancy
2. 双胎妊娠：出産前の問題 twin pregnancy prenatal issues
3. 多胎妊娠の新生児の合併症、転帰、およびマネージメント neonatal complications outcome and management of multiple births
4. 双胎妊娠：陣痛および分娩 twin pregnancy labor and delivery
5. 双胎間輸血症候群および双胎貧血多血症候群：発症機序と診断 twin twin transfusion syndrome and twin anemia polycythemia sequence pathogenesis and diagnosis

English Journal

Single-twin demise: pregnancy outcome.

Shek NW1, Hillman SC2, Kilby MD3.Author information 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's Foundation NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK. Electronic address: noelshek@gmail.com.2Centre for Women's and Children's Health, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.3Centre for Women's and Children's Health, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK; Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's Foundation NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.AbstractSingle-twin demise can pose substantial risks for the surviving co-twin, including increased risk of fetal loss, preterm delivery, neurovascular injury, and end-organ damage. In this chapter, we summarise recently published research on the causes of single twin demise, the pathophysiology of injury to the surviving co-twin, and the evidence for current management strategies. The gestation at which single intrauterine fetal demise occurs, and the chorionicity of the multiple pregnancies, are the two most important factors when considering the risks to the surviving twin. Management should include fortnightly ultrasound scans for growth, umbilical artery Doppler studies, and liquor volume. In monochorionic twins, more complex Doppler assessment with middle cerebral artery Doppler velocimetry and a magnetic resonance imaging of the survivor's brain at least 3 weeks after single intrauterine fetal demise occurs should be carried out to look for evidence of neurological morbidity. With no other obstetric complications, dichorionic pregnancies can be delivered at term. Monochorionic pregnancies are more difficult to manage, and are often delivered between 34 and 36 weeks.
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology.Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol.2014 Feb;28(2):249-63. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.11.003. Epub 2013 Dec 3.
Single-twin demise can pose substantial risks for the surviving co-twin, including increased risk of fetal loss, preterm delivery, neurovascular injury, and end-organ damage. In this chapter, we summarise recently published research on the causes of single twin demise, the pathophysiology of injury
PMID 24361180

Perinatal complications of monochorionic diamniotic twin gestations with discordant crown-rump length determined at mid-first trimester.

Nakayama S1, Ishii K, Kawaguchi H, Yamamoto R, Murata M, Hayashi S, Mitsuda N.Author information 1Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Izumi, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.AbstractAIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of discordance of crown-rump length (DCRL) at mid-first trimester to predict adverse outcomes in monochorionic diamniotic twin gestations (MD).
The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research.J Obstet Gynaecol Res.2014 Feb;40(2):418-23. doi: 10.1111/jog.12178. Epub 2013 Oct 7.
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of discordance of crown-rump length (DCRL) at mid-first trimester to predict adverse outcomes in monochorionic diamniotic twin gestations (MD).MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of the perinatal outcome in MD pregnancie
PMID 24118742

Renal Failure after Single Fetal Demise in Monochorionic Twins: Incidence and Description of a Case.

Genova L1, Sueters M, van Steenis A, Oepkes D, Steggerda SJ, Lopriore E.Author information 1Division of Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.AbstractSingle intrauterine fetal demise in monochorionic (MC) twins may result in acute exsanguination from the surviving twin into the low-pressure circulation of the demised co-twin through the vascular anastomoses. This may lead to severe hypoxic-ischemic injury in the surviving twin due to hypovolemia, hypotension and anemia, resulting in multiorgan damage. Most studies in single fetal demise in MC twin pregnancies have reported on the risk of cerebral injury. The aim of our study was to explore the incidence and severity of renal damage in surviving MC twins after intrauterine co-twin death. We reviewed all cases of MC twins with single fetal demise presented over a 10-year period at our center. One of the 44 (2.3%) surviving co-twins was diagnosed with severe renal damage. We describe this case in detail, as it provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis of renal and other organ failure after MC co-twin death.
Fetal diagnosis and therapy.Fetal Diagn Ther.2013 Sep 4. [Epub ahead of print]
Single intrauterine fetal demise in monochorionic (MC) twins may result in acute exsanguination from the surviving twin into the low-pressure circulation of the demised co-twin through the vascular anastomoses. This may lead to severe hypoxic-ischemic injury in the surviving twin due to hypovolemia,
PMID 24008323

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