同: Gas-X, Mylicon

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/21 03:55:54」(JST)

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Simethicone is an orally administered anti-foaming agent used to reduce bloating, discomfort or pain caused by excessive gas — mainly swallowed air, with small amounts of hydrogen and methane^[1]^[2]— in the stomach or intestines. Simethicone is a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane and hydrated silica gel.

Chemical action and pharmaceutical effects

Simethicone is an anti-foaming agent that decreases the surface tension of gas bubbles, causing them to combine into larger bubbles in the stomach that can be passed more easily. Simethicone does not reduce or prevent the formation of gas in the digestive tract, rather, it increases the rate at which it exits the body.^[3] However, simethicone can relieve pain caused by gas in the intestines by decreasing foaming, which then allows for easier passing of flatulence.

Simethicone is not absorbed by the body into the bloodstream, and is therefore considered relatively safe. National Institutes of Health (NIH)^[4] reports there are usually no side effects when simethicone is taken as directed. Although simethicone has also been promoted as a treatment for colic in babies, randomised controlled trials have not demonstrated efficacy for this use; despite traditional views on the subject, colic does not appear to be caused by gas.^[5]^[6]

Availability

Simethicone is generally available over the counter under many brand names in varying dosage sizes and combinations with other drugs, including:

Aero-Red (Spain)
Air-X (Thailand)
Anaflat (Teva)
Antacil (Thailand)
Antiflat^[7]^[8] (Austria)
Baby's Own Infant Drops
Bearse (Korea)
Bloateze (Phoenix Labs - Ireland)
Deflatine
De-Gas (Jordan,Thailand, Australia)

Di-gel (di-gel Health Products, LLC - USA)
Disflatyl (Egypt)
Dulcogas (Turkey, Australia)
Espumisan (Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia, Russia, Macedonia)
Flatin (HU)

Flatulex
Factor AG 200 (Argentina)
GasAid
Gascon (Taiwan)
Gas-Med
Gas Relief
Gasvan (Serbia)
Gas-X
Gazim X (Israel)
Gaszym (Thailand)
Genasyme
Imodium Multi-Symptom Relief (formerly Imodium Advanced)
Imogas
Imonogas
Infacol
Infacon
Kremil-S
Kupla Stop (Finland)

Lefax (Germany)
Little Tummys
Luftal (Brazil and Mexico)
Maalox Anti-Gas
Maalox Max
Mag77
Meteoxane (France)
Metsil (Turkey)
Minicol (Pakistan)
Minifom (Norway, Sweden)
My Baby Gas Relief Drops
Mylanta Gas
Mylanta Gas Relief
Mylicon Drops
Mylicongas (Italy)
Ovol
Phazyme
Rantac-MPS(UNIQUE PHARMA, India)
Refalgin (IT)
Rennie Deflatine
Rolaids
SAB Simplex
Silan (Uruguay)
Siloxogene (India)
Simeco (Philippines)
Simicol (Israel)
Telament (South Africa)
Triaerom (Peru)
WindEze (UK)

Side effects

The most common adverse effects of simethicone are gastrointestinal symptoms, including mild diarrhea, nausea, regurgitation, and vomiting.^[9]

References

^ http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/digestive_disorders/gas_in_the_digestive_tract_85,P00369/
^ http://www.badgut.org/information-centre/intestinal-gas.html
^ Norton, William (2005-01-09). "Controlling Intestinal Gas". Retrieved 2007-07-31.
^ PubMed Health, produced by National Center for Biotechnology, a division of the National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health; see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000747/
^ University of Michigan clinical trial for simethicone used for colic
^ Patient.info on colic
^ Product information (German)
^ Product information (German)
^ from Micromedex Dug Information. Retrieved 2013-01-13.

External links

"Jackson Gastroenterology - Patient Education - Simethicone". Retrieved Nov 11, 2013.
"Medline Plus - Simethicone". Archived from the original on February 19, 2007. Retrieved Nov 11, 2013.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 成人における大腸内視鏡検査の概要 overview of colonoscopy in adults
2. 乳児疝痛の評価および管理 evaluation and management of colic
3. 腸内ガスと膨満 intestinal gas and bloating
4. 非侵襲的陽圧換気に伴う問題のトラブルシューティング troubleshooting problems with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation
5. 小児および思春期における咽頭痛の症状緩和 symptomatic relief of sore throat in children and adolescents

English Journal

Development of an UPLC-MS/MS micromethod for quantitation of cinitapride in plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic interaction trial.

Marcelín-Jiménez G1, Contreras L2, Esquivel J2, Ávila Ó3, Batista D2, Ángeles AP1, García-González A1.
Bioanalysis.Bioanalysis.2017 Mar;9(6):569-579. doi: 10.4155/bio-2016-0210. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
AIM: Cinitapride (CIN) is a benzamide-derived molecule used for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux and dyspepsia. Its pharmacokinetics are controversial due to the use of supratherapeutic doses and the lack of sensitive methodology. Therefore, a sensitive and accurate micromethod was developed
PMID 28225297

Factors Affecting Gastrointestinal Absorption of Levothyroxine: A Review.

Skelin M1, Lucijanić T2, Amidžić Klarić D3, Rešić A4, Bakula M5, Liberati-Čizmek AM5, Gharib H6, Rahelić D2.
Clinical therapeutics.Clin Ther.2017 Feb;39(2):378-403. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.01.005. Epub 2017 Jan 30.
PURPOSE: Levothyroxine (LT4) is a drug with a narrow therapeutic index, applied in small amounts (micrograms), which makes interactions in the absorption phase clinically significant. The main aim of this article was to review and present the latest information on factors that affect the gastrointes
PMID 28153426

Premedication with simethicone and N-acetylcysteine in improving visibility during upper endoscopy: a double-blind randomized trial.

Elvas L1, Areia M1, Brito D1, Alves S1, Saraiva S1, Cadime AT1.
Endoscopy.Endoscopy.2017 Feb;49(2):139-145. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-119034. Epub 2016 Nov 16.
Background and study aim Upper endoscopy is the most common method for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tract diseases. The aim of this study was to determine whether premedication with simethicone or N-acetylcysteine improves mucosal visualization during upper endoscopy. Patients and metho
PMID 27852098

Japanese Journal

Simethicone coated cellulose as an oral contrast agent for ultrasound of the upper abdomen

HARISINGHANI MG
Clin Ultrasound 52, 224-226, 1997
NAID 30015112851

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「dimethicone」「dimeticone」「シメチコン」

「dimethicone」

Simethicone
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	Poly(dimethylsiloxane), silicon dioxide
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
Pregnancy; category	A;
Legal status	US: OTC;
Routes of; administration	Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	not absorbed from the gut
Protein binding	N/A
Metabolism	N/A
Biological half-life	N/A
Excretion	N/A
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	8050-81-5
ATC code	A03AX13
PubChem	CID: 6433516
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1200838
Chemical data
Formula	(C2H6OSi)n · (SiO2)m
Molecular mass	variable
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