WordNet
- without possessing something at the time it is contractually sold; "he made his fortune by selling short just before the crash"
- the location on a baseball field where the shortstop is stationed
- low in stature; not tall; "he was short and stocky"; "short in stature"; "a short smokestack"; "a little man" (同)little
- lacking foresight or scope; "a short view of the problem"; "shortsighted policies"; "shortsighted critics derided the plan"; "myopic thinking" (同)shortsighted, unforesightful, myopic
- at a disadvantage; "I was caught short" (同)unawares
- (primarily spatial sense) having little length or lacking in length; "short skirts"; "short hair"; "the board was a foot short"; "a short toss"
- at some point or distance before a goal is reached; "he fell short of our expectations"
- clean across; "the cars axle snapped short"
- not holding securities or commodities that one sells in expectation of a fall in prices; "a short sale"; "short in cotton"
- of speech sounds or syllables of relatively short duration; "the English vowel sounds in `pat, `pet, `pit, `pot, putt are short"
- primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration; "a short life"; "a short flight"; "a short holiday"; "a short story"; "only a few short months"
- so as to interrupt; "She took him up short before he could continue"
- tending to crumble or break into flakes due to a large amount of shortening; "shortbread is a short crumbly cookie"; "a short flaky pie crust"
- set the speed, duration, or execution of; "we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely"
- a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something; "take time to smell the roses"; "I didnt have time to finish"; "it took more than half my time"
- a suitable moment; "it is time to go"
- adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time; "The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely"
- an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities); "he waited a long time"; "the time of year for planting"; "he was a great actor in his time"
- regulate or set the time of; "time the clock"
- the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
- an instance or single occasion for some event; "this time he succeeded"; "he called four times"; "he could do ten at a clip" (同)clip
- a persons experience on a particular occasion; "he had a time holding back the tears"; "they had a good time together"
- assign a time for an activity or event; "The candidate carefully timed his appearance at the disaster scene"
- shrub with terminal tufts of elongated leaves used locally for thatching and clothing; thick sweet roots are used as food; tropical southeastern Asia, Australia and Hawaii (同)Cordyline terminalis
- the syllable naming the seventh (subtonic) note of any musical scale in solmization (同)te, si
- the regulation of occurrence, pace, or coordination to achieve a desired effect (as in music, theater, athletics, mechanics)
- the time when something happens
- a more or less definite period of time now or previously present; "it was a sign of the times"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 操業短縮
- (長さ・時間・距離などが)『短い』,近い・(人が)『背が低い』・(数量・期間などが)不足の』,乏しい;目標(標準)に達しない・(文などが)『簡潔な』,手短な・『そっけない』,ぞんぞいな,無愛想な・(ケーキなどが)かりかりする,さくさくする・(母音・音節が)短い;(詩の行の母音が)強勢のない・急に,突然・短いもの;欠けているもの・短篇映画(short movie, short subject) ・=short circuit・《複数形で》不足,欠損 / …‘を'短絡させる,ショートさせる / 短絡する,ショートする
- 〈U〉《冠詞をつけずに》(空間に対しての)『時間』,時 / 〈U〉(時計で示される)『時刻』 / 〈U〉(ある方式で決められる)『時間』,標準時 / 〈C〉〈U〉(特定の)『時』,おり,ころ / 〈U〉《しばしば A ~》(ある長さの)『時間』,期間 / 〈U〉(要する)『時間』;暇 / 《しばしば複数形で》(歴史上の)『時代』 / 《複数形で》時勢,景気 / 《one's ~》(個人の)一生;若いころ;生涯の特定の時期 / 〈U〉《しばしば A ~》(ある経験をした)『時間』 / 〈C〉『…回』,度 / 〈C〉『…倍』 / …の時間を定める / (…に)…の調子を合わせる《+名+to+名》 / …の時間を計る
- シ(全音階の第7音)
- 時間の調節;時間を測定[記録]すること
- …掛ける
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/06/25 03:20:38」(JST)
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For the films, see Short Time.
Short-time working, short time, or short-timers are terms used in both civilian employee and in U.S. military contexts.
Contents
- 1 Civilian usage
- 2 U.S. military usage
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Civilian usage
Short-time working or short time is a situation or system in which civilian employees agree to or are forced to accept a reduction in working time and pay.[1] The term can refer to short-term, recession-related programs operating in several European countries in which companies have entered into an agreement to avoid laying off any of their employees by instead reducing the working hours of all or most of their employees, with the government making up some of the employees' lost income. Employees who undergo training programs during their extra time off can often maintain their former incomes.
In Austria, the introduction of short time (Kurzarbeit in German) requires a special arrangement between what are called the 'social partners' of Austrian collective bargaining (which is to say, the Chamber of Commerce and the labour unions), who negotiate on behalf of the employer and affected staff the scope of the Kurzarbeit arrangement in terms of the staff covered, the maximum period of its application, the conditions for any lay-offs during the arrangement, and the scope of any professional training or re-training courses included.[2]
In 2009, the German government had budgeted 5.1 billion euros on the program, which replaced some of the lost income of over 1.4 million workers. The program was favorably cited in a 2009 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) report, which stated that it had saved nearly 500,000 jobs during the recession.[3][4][original research?] Besides helping to avoid mass layoffs, proponents of the program also cite its keeping skilled work groups together and avoiding the atrophy of their skills during extended layoffs, while critics have expressed concerns about its expense and that it might prop up non-viable firms.[5][original research?]
U.S. military usage
In U.S. military parlance, the term "short" or "short-timer" was coined during the Vietnam War era to describe personnel approaching the end of their tour and/or term of service. In Bloods: An Oral History of the Vietnam War by Black Veterans (1984), Specialist 5 Harold "Light Bulb" Bryant, Combat Engineer with the 1st Cavalry Division of the U.S. Army in An Khe from February 1966-February 1967 relates:[6]
We were in a fire fight one morning. We had our mad minute at six o'clock. We received some fire, and so we just started shooting. I guess maybe about eight o'clock a dust-off came in to take out a wounded guy. And they came and asked for me, and they told me that I was rotating. Going home right in the middle of the fire fight. I hadn't kept up with my days. I didn't have a short-time calendar.
See also
- Furlough, a temporary layoff legal in the United States
- Job sharing, also called Work sharing
- Unemployment
References
- ^ http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/short-time?q=short+time
- ^ Jakob Widner (2009). "Kurzarbeit: an Alternative to Lay-Offs". International Law Office. Retrieved 2010-09-20.
- ^ http://www.oecd.org/employment/emp/43707146.pdf
- ^ "Germany's 'Kurzarbeit' program a possible role model for other countries". German Information Centre. 2009. Retrieved 2010-09-24.
- ^ "Reduced hours save jobs, for now". German Information Centre. 2009. Retrieved 2010-09-24.
- ^ Terry, Wallace (1984). Bloods: An Oral History of the Vietnam War by Black Veterans. New York: Random House. p. 18. ISBN 0-394-53028-4.
External links
- International Law Office: Kurzarbeit: An Alternative to Lay-Offs
- Germany's 'Kurzarbeit' programme a possible role model for other countries
- Paul Krugman -- Kurzarbeit
- Kurzarbeit, "living-dead capitalism," and the future of the left
- New York Times: Germany’s Secrets for a Steadier Job Market
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Practical problems when using ABTS assay to assess the radical-scavenging activity of peptides: Importance of controlling reaction pH and time.
- Zheng L1, Zhao M2, Xiao C1, Zhao Q1, Su G3.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Feb 1;192:288-94. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.015. Epub 2015 Jul 6.
- Effects of reaction pH and time on the antioxidant behaviors of Tyr, Trp, Cys, and their related peptides (Tyr-Gly, Tyr-Glu, Tyr-Lys, Trp-Gly, Trp-Glu, Trp-Lys, Cys-Gly and Cys-Gly) in ABTS assay were investigated. Results showed that all these amino acids and peptides displayed a biphasic kinetic p
- PMID 26304349
- Preparation of yolk-shell structured copper oxide@silica oxide spheres and their application in high performance electrochemical sensing of Formoterol fumarate residues in swine feed and tissues.
- Gan T1, Shi Z2, Hu D2, Lv Z2, Sun J2, Liu Y2.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Jan 1;190:544-51. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.132. Epub 2015 Jun 2.
- In this paper, we report a facile route to synthesize yolk-shell structured copper oxide@silica oxide (CuO@SiO2) spheres and their application to construct an electrochemical Formoterol fumarate (FF) sensor. The CuO@SiO2 was characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray po
- PMID 26213008
- Development of a cobinamide-based end-of-service-life indicator for detection of hydrogen cyanide gas.
- Greenawald LA1, Snyder JL2, Fry NL3, Sailor MJ3, Boss GR4, Finklea HO5, Bell S5.
- Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical.Sens Actuators B Chem.2015 Dec 31;221:379-385.
- We describe an inexpensive paper-based sensor for rapid detection of low concentrations (ppm) of hydrogen cyanide gas. A piece of filter paper pre-spotted with a dilute monocyanocobinamide [CN(H2O)Cbi] solution was placed on the end of a bifurcated optical fiber and the reflectance spectrum of the C
- PMID 26213448
Japanese Journal
- Calix[8]arene Sulfonic Acid Catalyzed Three-component Reaction for Convenient Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones/thiones under Ultrasonic Irradiation
- High-efficiency polymer solar cells with small photon energy loss.
Related Links
- short timeとは。意味や和訳。[U][C]1 操業短縮be put on short time操業短縮を言い渡される.2 ((俗))売春婦との短時間の交わり. - goo英和辞書は14万項目以上を収録し、発音、音声、慣用句、例文が分かる英和辞書です。
- Over time, policy changes that allow workers to get benefits and good career tracks with short time schedules are needed. ... a system of working, usually for a temporary period, when employees are required to work and be paid for ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- (比較級shorter-最上級shortest)短い、不足した、乏しい、省略された
- 関
- abbreviated、brevis、brief、dearth、deficit、in short、insufficiency、insufficient、lack、paucity、poor、scant、scanty、scarce、scarcity、shortage、shortness
[★]
- most of the time 大抵の場合は
- 関
- duration、fold、hour、hr、long-term effect、moment、period、phase、stage、term
[★]