WordNet

the 1st letter of the Roman alphabet (同)a
the blood group whose red cells carry the A antigen (同)type_A, group A
(pathology) a waxy translucent complex protein resembling starch that results from degeneration of tissue
a non-nitrogenous food substance consisting chiefly of starch; any substance resembling starch
an amber, watery fluid, rich in proteins, that separates out when blood coagulates (同)blood_serum

PrepTutorEJDIC

answer / ampere
リンパ液 / 血清
arsenicの化学記号
serial / series / sermon

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/24 16:26:49」(JST)

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Human Serum amyloid A4
Identifiers
Symbol	SAA4
Alt. symbols	C-SAA
Entrez	6291
HUGO	10516
OMIM	104752
RefSeq	NM_006512
UniProt	P35542
Other data
Locus	Chr. 11 p15.1-p14

Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins are a family of apolipoproteins associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma. Different isoforms of SAA are expressed constitutively (constitutive SAAs) at different levels or in response to inflammatory stimuli (acute phase SAAs). These proteins are produced predominantly by the liver.^[1] The conservation of these proteins throughout invertebrates and vertebrates suggests that SAAs play a highly essential role in all animals.^[2]

Acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins[edit]

Acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins (A-SAAs) are secreted during the acute phase of inflammation. These proteins have several roles, including the transport of cholesterol to the liver for secretion into the bile, the recruitment of immune cells to inflammatory sites, and the induction of enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix. A-SAAs are implicated in several chronic inflammatory diseases, such as amyloidosis, atherosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.^[3] Three acute-phase SAA isoforms have been reported in mice, called SAA1, SAA2, and SAA3. During inflammation, SAA1 and SAA2 are expressed and induced principally in the liver, whereas SAA3 is induced in many distinct tissues. SAA1 and SAA2 genes are regulated in liver cells by the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α. Both SAA1 and SAA2 are induced up to a 1000-fold in mice under acute inflammatory conditions following exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).^[3] Three A-SAA genes have also been identified in humans,^[4] although the third gene, SAA3, is believed to represent a pseudogene that does not generate messenger RNA or protein.^[5]

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is also an acute phase marker that responds rapidly. Similar to CRP, levels of acute-phase SAA increase within hours after inflammatory stimulus, and the magnitude of increase may be greater than that of CRP. Relatively trivial inflammatory stimuli can lead to SAA responses. It has been suggested that SAA levels correlate better with disease activity in early inflammatory joint disease than do ESR and CRP. Although largely produced by hepatocytes, more recent studies show that SAA is produced by adipocytes as well, and its serum concentration is associated with body mass index.^[6]

Constitutive serum amyloid A proteins[edit]

A fourth SAA (SAA4) was identified in humans and is expressed constitutively in the liver and, thus, is defined as a constitutive SAA (C-SAA).^[7] A similar protein that is now also called SAA4 has since been identified in the mouse; it had originally been designated SAA5.^[8]^[9]

References[edit]

^ Uhlar CM, Whitehead AS (1999). "Serum amyloid A, the major vertebrate acute-phase reactant". Eur. J. Biochem. 265 (2): 501–23. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00657.x. PMID 10504381.
^ Manley PN, Ancsin JB, Kisilevsky R (2006). "Rapid recycling of cholesterol: the joint biologic role of C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A". Med. Hypotheses 66 (4): 784–92. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2005.10.018. PMID 16337748.
^ ^a ^b Zhang N, Ahsan MH, Purchio AF, West DB (2005). "Serum amyloid A-luciferase transgenic mice: response to sepsis, acute arthritis, and contact hypersensitivity and the effects of proteasome inhibition". J. Immunol. 174 (12): 8125–34. PMID 15944321.
^ Betts JC, Edbrooke MR, Thakker RV, Woo P (1991). "The human acute-phase serum amyloid A gene family: structure, evolution and expression in hepatoma cells". Scand. J. Immunol. 34 (4): 471–82. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01570.x. PMID 1656519.
^ Kluve-Beckerman B, Drumm ML, Benson MD (1991). "Nonexpression of the human serum amyloid A three (SAA3) gene". DNA Cell Biol. 10 (9): 651–61. doi:10.1089/dna.1991.10.651. PMID 1755958.
^ Pincus MR, McPherson RA, Henry JB (2007). Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 1-4160-0287-1a.
^ Steel DM, Sellar GC, Uhlar CM, Simon S, DeBeer FC, Whitehead AS (1993). "A constitutively expressed serum amyloid A protein gene (SAA4) is closely linked to, and shares structural similarities with, an acute-phase serum amyloid A protein gene (SAA2)". Genomics 16 (2): 447–54. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1209. PMID 7686132.
^ de Beer MC, Kindy MS, Lane WS, de Beer FC (1994). "Mouse serum amyloid A protein (SAA5) structure and expression". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (6): 4661–7. PMID 8308037.
^ de Beer MC, de Beer FC, Gerardot CJ et al. (1996). "Structure of the mouse Saa4 gene and its linkage to the serum amyloid A gene family". Genomics 34 (1): 139–42. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0253. PMID 8661036.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 急性期反応物質 acute phase reactants
2. 続発性（AA）アミロイドーシスの病因 pathogenesis of secondary aa amyloidosis
3. 続発性（AA）アミロイドーシスの原因および診断並びにリウマチ性疾患との関連 causes and diagnosis of secondary aa amyloidosis and relation to rheumatic diseases
4. 免疫グロブリン軽鎖（AL）アミロイドーシス（原発性アミロイドーシス）の臨床像、
検査所見、および診断 clinical presentation laboratory manifestations and diagnosis of immunoglobulin light chain al amyloidosis primary amyloidosis
5. 腎アミロイドーシス renal amyloidosis

English Journal

TRAIL administration down-modulated the acute systemic inflammatory response induced in a mouse model by muramyldipeptide or lipopolysaccharide.

Marcuzzi A, Secchiero P, Crovella S, Zauli G.SourceInstitute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
Cytokine.Cytokine.2012 Oct;60(1):43-6. Epub 2012 Jun 21.
The potent inducer of apoptosis TRAIL/Apo2 ligand is now under considerations in clinical trials for the treatment of different types of cancer. Since the natural history of cancer is often characterized by microbial infections, we have investigated the effect of recombinant human TRAIL in a mouse m
PMID 22727903

Local production of serum amyloid a is implicated in the induction of macrophage chemoattractants in Schwann cells during wallerian degeneration of peripheral nerves.

Jang SY, Shin YK, Lee HY, Park JY, Suh DJ, Kim JK, Bae YS, Park HT.SourceDepartment of Physiology, Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea.
Glia.Glia.2012 Oct;60(10):1619-28. doi: 10.1002/glia.22382. Epub 2012 Jul 9.
The elevation of serum levels of serum amyloid A (SAA) has been regarded as an acute reactive response following inflammation and various types of injuries. SAA from the liver and extrahepatic tissues plays an immunomodulatory role in a variety of pathophysiological conditions. Inflammatory cytokine
PMID 22777957

Japanese Journal

INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN ACTIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS : ASSOCIATION WITH Th1/Th2 AND Tc1/Tc2 BALANCE

FURUHASHI Kazuki,SHIRAI Toshihiro,SUDA Takafumi [他]
結核 87(1), 1-7, 2012-01
NAID 40019187453

Acute Phase Protein Response during Road Transportation and Lairage in Slaughterhouse in Feedlot Beef Cattle

CLAUDIA Giannetto,FRANCESCO Fazio,STEFANIA Casella,SIMONA Marafioti,ELISABETTA Giudice,GIUSEPPE Piccione
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science advpub(0), 1107110570, 2011
… Serum was collected for the assay of haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA), plasma for the assay of fibrinogen (Fb), and white blood cell count (WBC) were determined in whole blood at each time point. …
NAID 130001032567

「血清アミロイドA蛋白質」

Human Serum amyloid A3, pseudogene
Identifiers
Symbol	SAA3P
Alt. symbols	SAA3
Entrez	6290
HUGO	10515
UniProt	P22614
Other data
Locus	Chr. 11 p15.1-p14

Human Serum amyloid A2
Identifiers
Symbol	SAA2
Entrez	6289
HUGO	10514
OMIM	104751
RefSeq	NM_030754
UniProt	P02735
Other data
Locus	Chr. 11 p15.1-p14

Human Serum amyloid A1
Identifiers
Symbol	SAA1
Entrez	6288
HUGO	10513
OMIM	104750
RefSeq	NM_199161
UniProt	P0DJI8
Other data
Locus	Chr. 11 p15.1

　　[★]

英: serum amyloid A protein
同: SAA蛋白質 SAA protein
関: アミロイドーシス、serum amyloid A

「SAA」

　　[★] 血清アミロイドA serum amyloid A serum amyloid A protein

「serum amyloid A-activating factor」

　　[★]

血清アミロイドA活性化因子

関: SAF

「serum amyloid A protein」

　　[★] 血清アミロイドA SAA

「A」

　　[★]

「amyloid」

　　[★]

アミロイド

関: amyloid fibril、amyloid protein

「Ad」

　　[★]

アデノウイルス

関: adenoviral、adenovirus

[1] Uhlar CM, Whitehead AS (1999). "Serum amyloid A, the major vertebrate acute-phase reactant". Eur. J. Biochem. 265 (2): 501–23. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00657.x. PMID 10504381.

[2] Manley PN, Ancsin JB, Kisilevsky R (2006). "Rapid recycling of cholesterol: the joint biologic role of C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A". Med. Hypotheses 66 (4): 784–92. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2005.10.018. PMID 16337748.

[Zhang-3] Zhang N, Ahsan MH, Purchio AF, West DB (2005). "Serum amyloid A-luciferase transgenic mice: response to sepsis, acute arthritis, and contact hypersensitivity and the effects of proteasome inhibition". J. Immunol. 174 (12): 8125–34. PMID 15944321.

[4] Betts JC, Edbrooke MR, Thakker RV, Woo P (1991). "The human acute-phase serum amyloid A gene family: structure, evolution and expression in hepatoma cells". Scand. J. Immunol. 34 (4): 471–82. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01570.x. PMID 1656519.

[5] Kluve-Beckerman B, Drumm ML, Benson MD (1991). "Nonexpression of the human serum amyloid A three (SAA3) gene". DNA Cell Biol. 10 (9): 651–61. doi:10.1089/dna.1991.10.651. PMID 1755958.

[isbn1-4160-0287-1-6] Pincus MR, McPherson RA, Henry JB (2007). Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 1-4160-0287-1a.

[7] Steel DM, Sellar GC, Uhlar CM, Simon S, DeBeer FC, Whitehead AS (1993). "A constitutively expressed serum amyloid A protein gene (SAA4) is closely linked to, and shares structural similarities with, an acute-phase serum amyloid A protein gene (SAA2)". Genomics 16 (2): 447–54. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1209. PMID 7686132.

[8] Beer MC, Kindy MS, Lane WS, de Beer FC (1994). "Mouse serum amyloid A protein (SAA5) structure and expression". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (6): 4661–7. PMID 8308037.

[9] Beer MC, de Beer FC, Gerardot CJ et al. (1996). "Structure of the mouse Saa4 gene and its linkage to the serum amyloid A gene family". Genomics 34 (1): 139–42. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0253. PMID 8661036.

リンク元	「血清アミロイドA蛋白質」「SAA」
拡張検索	「serum amyloid A-activating factor」「serum amyloid A protein」
関連記事	「A」「amyloid」「Ad」

匿名

検索

案内

案内

serum amyloid A