WordNet

undergo a test; "She doesnt test well"
any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students" (同)mental test, mental testing, psychometric test
the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" (同)trial
the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" (同)trial, run
a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" (同)prove, try, try out, examine, essay
achieve a certain score or rating on a test; "She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools"
determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
show a certain characteristic when tested; "He tested positive for HIV"
an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"
tested and proved useful or correct; "a tested method" (同)tried, well-tried
tested and proved to be reliable (同)time-tested, tried, tried and true
the branch of medical science that deals with serums; especially with blood serums and disease

PrepTutorEJDIC

(人の能力などの)『試験』,考査,テスト / (物事の)『試験』,検済,試錬,実験《+of+名》 / 化学分析;試薬 / =test match / …‘を'『試験する』,検査する / …‘を'化学分析する / (…の)試験を受ける,試験をする《+for+名》
血清学
testis の複数形

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/25 06:17:55」(JST)

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Serology is the scientific study of serum and other bodily fluids. In practice, the term usually refers to the diagnostic identification of antibodies in the serum.^[1] Such antibodies are typically formed in response to an infection (against a given microorganism),^[2] against other foreign proteins (in response, for example, to a mismatched blood transfusion), or to one's own proteins (in instances of autoimmune disease).

Serological tests may be performed for diagnostic purposes when an infection is suspected, in rheumatic illnesses, and in many other situations, such as checking an individual's blood type.^[1] Serology blood tests help to diagnose patients with certain immune deficiencies associated with the lack of antibodies, such as X-linked agammaglobulinemia. In such cases, tests for antibodies will be consistently negative.

There are several serology techniques that can be used depending on the antibodies being studied. These include: ELISA, agglutination, precipitation, complement-fixation, and fluorescent antibodies.

Some serological tests are not limited to blood serum, but can also be performed on other bodily fluids such as semen and saliva, which have (roughly) similar properties to serum.

Serological tests may also be used forensically, specifically for a piece of evidence (e.g., linking a rapist to a semen sample).

Serological surveys

Serological surveys are often used by epidemiologists to determine the prevalence of a disease in a population. Such surveys are sometimes performed by random, anonymous sampling from samples taken for other medical tests.

Notes and references

^ ^a ^b Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. pp. 247–9. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
^ Washington JA (1996). Principles of Diagnosis: Serodiagnosis. in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.

External links

Serology (archived) – MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Serologic Tests at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児および思春期における急性感染性咽頭炎の診断へのアプローチ approach to diagnosis of acute infectious pharyngitis in children and adolescents
2. 性器潰瘍患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with genital ulcers
3. 梅毒の診断的検査 diagnostic testing for syphilis
4. ヘリコバクターピロリ感染に対する診断検査およびその適応 indications and diagnostic tests for helicobacter pylori infection
5. 肝線維症の非侵襲的評価：血清学的検査および画像診断 noninvasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis overview of serologic and radiographic tests

English Journal

Serological cross-reactivity between Strongyloides venezuelensis and Syphacia muris in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).

Sousa JE1, Carvalho EF1, Levenhagen MA1, Faria LS1, Gonçalves-Pires Mdo R1, Costa-Cruz JM2.
Parasitology international.Parasitol Int.2016 Apr;65(2):137-45. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2015.11.005. Epub 2015 Nov 18.
One of the problems frequently faced in laboratory facilities is the possibility of the natural parasitic infection of lab animals, which can interfere with biomedical research results. The present study aimed to evaluate cross-reactivity among serum samples from Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) natu
PMID 26601618

Hepatitis C virus increases the risk of kidney disease among HIV-positive patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Fabrizi F1,2, Dixit V2, Martin P2, Messa P1.
Journal of medical virology.J Med Virol.2016 Mar;88(3):487-97. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24353. Epub 2015 Oct 8.
Kidney disease has become an important co-morbidity among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients as they live longer in the era of highly effective antiretroviral therapy. It remains unclear how co-infection with hepatitis C virus impacts on the trajectory of kidney disease among HIV-infecte
PMID 26271205

Serum levels of IFN-β are associated with days of evolution but not with severity of dengue.

Pech Torres RE1, Cedillo Rivera RM2, Loroño Pino MA3, Sánchez Burgos GG2.
Journal of medical virology.J Med Virol.2016 Mar;88(3):395-9. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24343. Epub 2015 Aug 14.
The serum levels of beta interferon (IFN-β) were evaluated in clinical samples taken in the acute phase of dengue fever for 107 patients during the 2011 dengue outbreak in Yucatán, México. Dengue diagnoses were confirmed by NS1 or IgM/IgG serology in all patients. Average serum IFN-β levels in p
PMID 26252251

Japanese Journal

A Case Series of Possibly Recrudescent Orientia tsutsugamushi Infection Presenting as Pneumonia

Im Jae-Hyoung,Baek Ji Hyeon,Lee Jin-Soo,Chung Moon-Hyun,Lee Sun Myoung,Kang Jae-Seung
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 67(2), 122-126, 2014
… tsutsugamushi infection by serology, nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and cell culture. … tsutsugamushi were higher than the IgM titers, although the serologic test results were less helpful in the diagnosis. …
NAID 130003399246

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Donkeys (Equus asinus) in Italy

MACHACOVA Tereza,BARTOVA Eva,DI LORIA Antonio,SEDLAK Kamil,MARIANI Ugo,FUSCO Giovanna,FULGIONE Domenico,VENEZIANO Vincenzo,DUBEY Jitender P.
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 76(2), 265-267, 2014
… gondii antibodies using a latex agglutination test and the indirect fluorescent antibody test; …
NAID 130003391256

Diagnostic Accuracy of the E-Plate Serum Antibody Test Kit in Detecting Helicobacter pylori Infection Among Japanese Children

Ueda Junko,Okuda Masumi,Nishiyama Takeshi,Lin Yingsong,Fukuda Yoshihiro,Kikuchi Shogo
Journal of Epidemiology 24(1), 47-51, 2014
… Data on serologic testing of children are lacking, however, and thus it remains unclear whether the serology cutoff points used for adults are appropriate for children.<BR>Methods: Serum and stool samples were obtained from 73 children who visited 5 hospitals in Japan between March 1993 and December 2009. …
NAID 130003383378