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- a medical scientist who specializes in serology
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/11 22:10:21」(JST)
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Serology is the scientific study of serum and other bodily fluids. In practice, the term usually refers to the diagnostic identification of antibodies in the serum.[1] Such antibodies are typically formed in response to an infection (against a given microorganism),[2] against other foreign proteins (in response, for example, to a mismatched blood transfusion), or to one's own proteins (in instances of autoimmune disease).
Serological tests may be performed for diagnostic purposes when an infection is suspected, in rheumatic illnesses, and in many other situations, such as checking an individual's blood type.[1] Serology blood tests help to diagnose patients with certain immune deficiencies associated with the lack of antibodies, such as X-linked agammaglobulinemia. In such cases, tests for antibodies will be consistently negative.
There are several serology techniques that can be used depending on the antibodies being studied. These include: ELISA, agglutination, precipitation, complement-fixation, and fluorescent antibodies.
Some serological tests are not limited to blood serum, but can also be performed on other bodily fluids such as semen and saliva, which have (roughly) similar properties to serum.
Serological tests may also be used forensically, specifically for a piece of evidence (e.g., linking a rapist to a semen sample).
Contents
- 1 Serological surveys
- 2 See also
- 3 Notes and references
- 4 External links
Serological surveys
Serological surveys are often used by epidemiologists to determine the prevalence of a disease in a population. Such surveys are sometimes performed by random, anonymous sampling from samples taken for other medical tests.[3] [4] [5]
See also
- Medical laboratory
- Seroconversion
- Serovar
- Medical technologist
- Dr. Geoffrey Tovey, noted serologist
Notes and references
- ^ a b Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. pp. 247–9. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
- ^ Washington JA (1996). Principles of Diagnosis: Serodiagnosis. in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
- ^ IMMUNOLOGY & SEROLOGY IN LABORATORY MEDICINE ( TURGEON). Mosby; 5 edition (March 1, 2013). ISBN 978-0323085182.
- ^ Pearson Clinical Laboratory Science. Prentice Hall; 1 edition (July 19, 2012). ISBN 0135104246.
- ^ Immunology & Serology in Laboratory Medicine ( Turgeon). Mosby; 4 edition (September 25, 2008). ISBN 0323043828.
External links
- Serology (archived) – MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
- Serologic Tests at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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Medicine: Pathology
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| Principles of pathology |
- Disease
- Infection
- Neoplasia
- Etiology
- Pathogenesis
- Hemodynamics
- Inflammation
- Cell damage
- Wound healing
- Cellular adaptation
- Atrophy
- Hypertrophy
- Hyperplasia
- Dysplasia
- Metaplasia
- Squamous
- Glandular
- Cell death
- Necrosis
- Coagulative necrosis
- Liquefactive necrosis
- Gangrenous necrosis
- Caseous necrosis
- Fat necrosis
- Fibrinoid necrosis
- Programmed cell death
- Apoptosis
- Pyknosis
- Karyorrhexis
- Karyolysis
- Accumulations
- pigment
- Hemosiderin
- Lipochrome/Lipofuscin
- Melanin
- Steatosis
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| Anatomical pathology |
- Surgical pathology
- Cytopathology
- Autopsy
- Molecular pathology
- Forensic pathology
- Oral and maxillofacial pathology
- Gross examination
- Histopathology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Electron microscopy
- Immunofluorescence
- Fluorescence in situ hybridization
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| Clinical pathology |
- Clinical chemistry
- Hematopathology
- Transfusion medicine
- Medical microbiology
- Diagnostic immunology
- Immunopathology
- Enzyme assay
- Mass spectrometry
- Chromatography
- Flow cytometry
- Blood bank
- Microbiological culture
- Serology
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| Specific conditions |
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Medical tests: Immunologic techniques and tests (CPT 86000–86849)
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Immunologic techniques
and tests
serology/
diagnostic immunology
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| Immunoprecipitation |
- Chromatin immunoprecipitation
- Immunodiffusion
- Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion
- Radial immunodiffusion
- Immunoelectrophoresis
- Counterimmunoelectrophoresis
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| Immunoassay |
- ELISA
- ELISPOT
- Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique
- RAST test
- Radioimmunoassay
- Radiobinding assay
- Immunofluorescence
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| Agglutination |
- Hemagglutination/Hemagglutinin
- Latex fixation test
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| Other |
- Nephelometry
- Complement fixation test
- Immunocytochemistry
- Immunohistochemistry
- Direct fluorescent antibody
- Epitope mapping
- Skin allergy test
- Patch test
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| Inflammation |
- C-reactive protein
- Procalcitonin
- Total complement activity
- MELISA
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References ranges for blood tests (CPT 82000–84999)
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| Electrolytes |
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Chloride
- Calcium
- Renal function
- Creatinine
- Urea
- BUN-to-creatinine ratio
- Plasma osmolality
- Serum osmolal gap
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| Acid-base |
- Anion gap
- Arterial blood gas
- Base excess
- Bicarbonate
- CO2 content
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| Iron tests |
- Ferritin
- Serum iron
- Transferrin saturation
- Total iron-binding capacity
- Transferrin
- Transferrin receptor
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| Hormones |
- ACTH stimulation test
- Thyroid function tests
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone
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| Metabolism |
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| Cardiovascular |
- Cardiac marker
- CPK-MB test
- Lactate dehydrogenase
- Myoglobin
- Glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB
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| Liver function tests |
- Proteins
- Human serum albumin
- Serum total protein
- ALP
- transaminases
- Bilirubin
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| Pancreas |
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English Journal
- George Fernand Widal (1862-1929): serologist and clinician-scientist.
- Tan SY1, Linskey K.
- Singapore medical journal.Singapore Med J.2012 May;53(5):297-8.
- PMID 22584967
- The frequency of ABO blood group maternal-fetal incompatibility, maternal iso-agglutinins, and immune agglutinins quantitation in Osogbo, Osun State, South-West of Nigeria.
- Oseni BS1, Akomolafe OF.
- Asian journal of transfusion science.Asian J Transfus Sci.2011 Jan;5(1):46-8. doi: 10.4103/0973-6247.75998.
- BACKGROUND: ABO incompatibility in maternal-fetal relationship has been shown to cause hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDNB); a survey which is not yet done in this locality.AIM: Frequency of ABO blood group maternal-fetal incompatibility, maternal iso-agglutinins, and immune agglutinins quantitat
- PMID 21572716
- Clinical utility of avidity assays.
- Hazell SL1.
- Expert opinion on medical diagnostics.Expert Opin Med Diagn.2007 Dec;1(4):511-9. doi: 10.1517/17530059.1.4.511.
- IgM may persist for months, presenting a risk of an erroneous diagnosis where serology is the only available tool. Indeed, IgM may be detected in secondary infection as a result of crossreactivity and/or nonspecific stimulation of the immune system. One test that can aid the serologist is IgG avidit
- PMID 23496357
Related Links
- se·rol·o·gy / sɪˈrɒl ə dʒi / Show Spelled [si-rol-uh-jee] Show IPA noun the science dealing with the immunological properties and actions of serum. Origin: 1905–10; sero-+ -logy Related forms se·ro·log·ic / ˌsɪər əˈlɒdʒ ɪk / Show ...
- Home Dictionary Definitions serologist Tweet Definitions serologist Variant of serology noun the science dealing with the properties and actions of serums Origin: sero- + -logy Related Forms: serologic adjective or serological ...
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