WordNet

the next to highest level of official classification for documents
information known only to a special group; "the secret of Cajun cooking" (同)arcanum
something that should remain hidden from others (especially information that is not to be passed on); "the combination to the safe was a secret"; "he tried to keep his drinking a secret"
not expressed; "secret (or private) thoughts" (同)private
communicated covertly; "their secret signal was a wink"; "secret messages"
indulging only covertly; "a secret alcoholic"
not open or public; kept private or not revealed; "a secret formula"; "secret ingredients"; "secret talks"
small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre
a gastrointestinal hormone that stimulates the secretion of water and bicarbonate from the pancreas and bile ducts whenever the stomach empties too much acid into the small intestine

PrepTutorEJDIC

『秘密の』,人目につかない / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(人・組織などが)秘かに活動する,(感情などが)表に出ない / 《補語にのみ用いて》《話》(人が)(…を)ないしょにする《+『about』+『名』》 / 『秘密』[の事],隠し事,ないしょの話 / 神秘,不思議 / 《単数形で》(…の)『秘けつ』,かぎ《+『of』+『名』(do『ing』)》,(…への)秘けつ《+『to』+『名』》
(刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞

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1. セクレチン secretin
2. 膵外分泌機能検査 pancreatic exocrine function tests
3. ゾリンジャー - エリソン症候群（ガストリノーマ）の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of zollinger ellison syndrome gastrinoma
4. 膵神経内分泌腫瘍（膵島細胞腫瘍）の分類、疫学、臨床症状、局在、および病期分類 classification epidemiology clinical presentation localization and staging of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors islet cell tumors
5. シュワッハマン・ダイアモンド症候群 shwachman diamond syndrome

English Journal

The knockout of secretin in cerebellar purkinje cells impairs mouse motor coordination and motor learning.

Zhang L1, Chung SK2, Chow BK1.Author information 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.2Department of Anatomy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.AbstractSecretin (SCT) was first considered to be a gut hormone regulating gastrointestinal functions when discovered. Recently, however, central actions of SCT have drawn intense research interest and are supported by the broad distribution of SCT in specific neuronal populations and by in vivo physiological studies regarding its role in water homeostasis and food intake. The direct action of SCT on a central neuron was first discovered in cerebellar Purkinje cells in which SCT from cerebellar Purkinje cells was found to potentiate GABAergic inhibitory transmission from presynaptic basket cells. Because Purkinje neurons have a major role in motor coordination and learning functions, we hypothesize a behavioral modulatory function for SCT. In this study, we successfully generated a mouse model in which the SCT gene was deleted specifically in Purkinje cells. This mouse line was tested together with SCT knockout and SCT receptor knockout mice in a full battery of behavioral tasks. We found that the knockout of SCT in Purkinje neurons did not affect general motor ability or the anxiety level in open field tests. However, knockout mice did exhibit impairments in neuromuscular strength, motor coordination, and motor learning abilities, as shown by wire hanging, vertical climbing, and rotarod tests. In addition, SCT knockout in Purkinje cells possibly led to the delayed development of motor neurons, as supported by the later occurrence of key neural reflexes. In summary, our data suggest a role in motor coordination and motor learning for SCT expressed in cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology.Neuropsychopharmacology.2014 May;39(6):1460-8. doi: 10.1038/npp.2013.344. Epub 2013 Dec 19.
Secretin (SCT) was first considered to be a gut hormone regulating gastrointestinal functions when discovered. Recently, however, central actions of SCT have drawn intense research interest and are supported by the broad distribution of SCT in specific neuronal populations and by in vivo physiologic
PMID 24356714

Pancreatic polypeptide-rich islets in the posterior portion of the pancreatic head-a tumor mimic in somatostatin receptor scintigraphy.

Albers MB1, Maurer E, Klöppel G, Bartsch DK.Author information 1From the *Department of Visceral-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg; and †Department of Pathology, Consultation Center for Pancreatic and Endocrine Tumors, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.AbstractA 74-year-old man with recurrent duodenal ulcers underwent somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) in suspicion of gastrinoma. A 2-cm area of focal uptake was visualized within the pancreatic head. Serum chromogranin A levels were elevated, but serum gastrin levels and the secretin test were normal. Computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography were not conclusive. After partial duodenopancreatectomy, pathological examination failed to reveal any neuroendocrine tumor. Instead, the dorsal portion of the pancreatic head was found to be densely populated by pancreatic polypeptide cell-rich islets. This area correlated with the site of tracer uptake seen on SRS. Thus, pancreatic polypeptide cell-rich islets in elderly patients should be kept in mind when interpreting SRS results to avoid unnecessary major pancreatic resections.
Pancreas.Pancreas.2014 May;43(4):648-50. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000000070.
A 74-year-old man with recurrent duodenal ulcers underwent somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) in suspicion of gastrinoma. A 2-cm area of focal uptake was visualized within the pancreatic head. Serum chromogranin A levels were elevated, but serum gastrin levels and the secretin test were normal
PMID 24713672

Secretin receptor-knockout mice are resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity and exhibit impaired intestinal lipid absorption.

Sekar R1, Chow BK.Author information 1School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.AbstractSecretin, a classical gastrointestinal hormone released from S cells in response to acid and dietary lipid, regulates pleiotropic physiological functions, such as exocrine pancreatic secretion and gastric motility. Subsequent to recently proposed revisit on secretin's metabolic effects, we have confirmed lipolytic actions of secretin during starvation and discovered a hormone-sensitive lipase-mediated mechanistic pathway behind. In this study, a 12 wk high-fat diet (HFD) feeding to secretin receptor-knockout (SCTR-/-) mice and their wild-type (SCTR+/+) littermates revealed that, despite similar food intake, SCTR-/- mice gained significantly less weight (SCTR+/+: 49.6±0.9 g; SCTR-/-: 44.7±1.4 g; P<0.05) and exhibited lower body fat content. These SCTR-/- mice have corresponding alleviated HFD-associated hyperleptinemia and improved glucose/insulin tolerance. Further analyses indicate that SCTR-/- have impaired intestinal fatty acid absorption while having similar energy expenditure and locomotor activity. Reduced fat absorption in the intestine is further supported by lowered postprandial triglyceride concentrations in circulation in SCTR-/- mice. In jejunal cells, transcript and protein levels of a key fat absorption regulator, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), was reduced in knockout mice, while transcript of Cd36 and fatty-acid uptake in isolated enterocytes was stimulated by secretin. Based on our findings, a novel positive feedback pathway involving secretin and CD36 to enhance intestinal lipid absorption is being proposed.-Sekar, R., Chow, B. K. C. Secretin receptor-knockout mice are resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity and exhibit impaired intestinal lipid absorption.
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.FASEB J.2014 Apr 25. [Epub ahead of print]
Secretin, a classical gastrointestinal hormone released from S cells in response to acid and dietary lipid, regulates pleiotropic physiological functions, such as exocrine pancreatic secretion and gastric motility. Subsequent to recently proposed revisit on secretin's metabolic effects, we have conf
PMID 24769669

Japanese Journal

神経内分泌細胞からのホルモン分泌 (あゆみ NET(神経内分泌腫瘍)--新しい概念・診断・治療)

高野幸路
医学のあゆみ 224(10), 770-774, 2008-03-08
NAID 40015885371

ラットにおけるオレイン酸十二指腸内投与による重炭酸およびアミラーゼ分泌刺激に対する内因性インスリンの増強効果についての検討

高山敬子,清水京子,白鳥敬子,高山敬子,清水京子,白鳥敬子
東京女子医科大学雑誌 77(9・10), 501-506, 2007-10
… Therefore, insulin physiologically regulates the duct and acinar cell functions of exocrine pancreas. …
NAID 120002368868

ラットにおけるオレイン酸十二指腸内投与による重炭酸およびアミラーゼ分泌刺激に対する内因性インスリンの増強効果についての検討

高山敬子,清水京子,白鳥敬子
東京女子医科大学雑誌 77(9/10), 501-506, 2007-10
〔目的〕膵ホルモンは,islet-acinar portal systemを介して膵外分泌腺に灌流することが知られている.以前我々は,ラットにおける内因性・外因性コレシストキニン(CCK)刺激による膵外分泌が,内因性インスリンによって増強することを報告した.そこで今回,ラットにおける膵重炭酸分泌に対する内因性インスリンの効果について検討した.〔対象と方法〕麻酔下のラットで純粋膵液を採取し,十二指腸 …
NAID 110007525313