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any of various organs that synthesize substances needed by the body and release it through ducts or directly into the bloodstream (同)secretory organ, secretor, secreter

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(生物体内の)腺(せん)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/22 04:00:40」(JST)

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The sebaceous glands are microscopic exocrine glands in the skin that secrete an oily or waxy matter, called sebum, to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair of mammals. In humans, they are found in the greatest number on the face and scalp, and are also found on all parts of the skin except the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. The type of secretion of the sebaceous glands is referred to as holocrine.

In the eyelids, meibomian glands, also called tarsal glands, are a type of sebaceous gland that secrete a special type of sebum into tears. Fordyce spots are ectopic (misplaced) sebaceous glands found usually on the lips, gums and inner cheeks. Areolar glands surround the female nipples. Preputial glands also known as Tyson's glands are found in the genitals of both sexes of mice and rats.

There are several related medical conditions, including acne, sebaceous cysts, hyperplasia and sebaceous adenoma. These are usually attributable to overactive sebaceous glands which produce an excess of sebum.

Structure

Location

The sebaceous glands are found throughout all areas of the skin except the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.^[1] There are two types of sebaceous gland, those connected to hair follicles, in pilosebaceous units, and those that exist independently.^[2]

Sebaceous glands are found in hair-covered areas, where they are connected to hair follicles. One or more glands may surround each hair follicle, and the glands themselves are surrounded by arrector pili muscles. The glands have an acinar structure (like a many-lobed berry), in which multiple glands branch off a central duct. The glands deposit sebum on the hairs, and bring it to the skin surface along the hair shaft. The structure consisting of hair, hair follicle, arrector pili muscles, and sebaceous gland is an epidermal invagination known as a pilosebaceous unit.^[2]

Sebaceous glands are also found in hairless areas (glabrous skin) of the eyelids, nose, penis, labia minora, the inner mucosal membrane of the cheek, and nipples.^[2] Some sebaceous glands have unique names. Sebaceous glands on the lip and mucosa of the cheek are known as Fordyce spots, and glands on the eyelids are known as meibomian glands. Sebaceous glands of the breast are also known as Montgomery's glands.^[3]

Development

Sebaceous glands are first visible from the 13th to the 16th week of fetal development, as bulgings off hair follicles.^[4] Sebaceous glands develop from the same tissue that gives rise to the epidermis of the skin. Overexpression of the signalling factors Wnt, Myc and SHH all increase the likelihood of sebaceous gland presence.^[3]

The sebaceous glands of a human fetus secrete a substance called vernix caseosa, a waxy, translucent white substance coating the skin of newborns.^[5] After birth, activity of the glands decreases until there is almost no activity during ages 2–6 years, and then increases to a peak of activity during puberty, due to heightened levels of androgens.^[4]

Function

Sebaceous glands secrete the oily, waxy substance called sebum (Latin: fat, tallow) that is made of triglycerides, wax esters, squalene, and metabolites of fat-producing cells.^[6]^[7] Sebum waterproofs and lubricates the skin and hair of mammals.^[8] Sebaceous secretions in conjunction with apocrine glands also play an important thermoregulatory role. In hot conditions, the secretions emulsify the sweat produced by the eccrine glands and this produces a sheet of sweat that is not readily lost in drops of sweat. This is of importance in delaying dehydration. In colder conditions, the nature of sebum becomes more lipid and in coating the hair and skin, rain is effectively repelled.^[9]^[10]

Sebum is produced in a holocrine process, in which cells within the sebaceous gland rupture and disintegrate as they release the sebum and the cell remnants are secreted together with the sebum.^[11]^[12] The cells are constantly replaced by mitosis at the base of the duct.^[2]

Sebum

Sebum, secreted by the sebaceous gland in humans, is primarily composed of triglycerides (~41%), wax esters (~26%), squalene (~12%), and free fatty acids (~16%).^[5]^[13] The composition of sebum varies across species.^[13] Wax esters, like squalene, are unique to sebum and not produced anywhere else in the body.^[3] Sapienic acid is a sebum fatty acid that is unique to humans, and is implicated in the development of acne.^[14] Sebum is odorless, but its breakdown by bacteria can produce strong odors.^[15]

Sex steroids are known to affect the rate of sebum secretion; androgens such as testosterone have been shown to stimulate secretion, and estrogens have been shown to inhibit secretion.^[16]Dihydrotestosterone acts as the primary androgen in the prostate and in hair follicles.^[17]^[18]

Immune function and nutrition

Sebaceous glands are part of the body's integumentary system and serve to protect the body against germs. Sebaceous glands are responsible for the secretion of acids that form the acid mantle. This is a very fine, slightly acidic film on the surface of the skin which acts as a barrier to bacteria, viruses and other potential contaminants that might penetrate the skin.^[19] The pH of the skin is between 4.5 and 6.2,^[20] and this acidity helps to neutralise the primarily alkaline nature of contaminants.^[21]

Sebaceous lipids make an important contribution in maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier, and express both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties.^[9]^[22] Sebum may act as a delivery system for antioxidants, antimicrobial lipids, pheromones, and hydration of the stratum corneum.^[23] The insoluble fatty acids contained within sebum have broad antimicrobial activity.^[23]^[24] Additionally, sebaceous gland secretion provides vitamin E to the upper layers of facial skin.^[25]

Unique sebaceous glands

During the last three months of fetal development, the sebaceous glands of the fetus produce vernix caseosa, a waxy white substance which coats the skin to protect it from amniotic fluid.^[26]

The areolar glands are in the areola that surrounds the nipple in the female breast. These glands secrete an oily fluid which lubricates the nipple and also secrete volatile compounds that are thought to serve as an olfactory stimulus for the newborn. During pregnancy and lactation these glands, also called Montgomery's glands, become enlarged.^[27]

Meibomian glands, in the eyelids, secrete a form of sebum called meibum onto the eye, that slows the evaporation of tears.^[28] It also serves to create an airtight seal when the eyes are closed and its lipid quality also prevents the eyelids from sticking together. The meibomian glands are also known as tarsal glands, Zeis glands and palpebral glands.^[29] They attach directly to the follicles of the eyelashes which are arranged vertically within the tarsal plates of the eyelids.

Fordyce spots, or Fordyce granules, are ectopic sebaceous glands found on the genitals and oral mucosa. They show themselves as yellowish-white milia (milkspots).^[30]

Earwax is partly composed of sebum produced by glands in the ear canal. These secretions are viscous and have a high lipid content which gives good lubrication properties.^[31]

Clinical significance

Conditions of sebaceous glands.

Sebaceous glands are involved in skin problems such as acne and keratosis pilaris. In the skin pores, sebum and keratin can create a hyperkeratotic plug called a comedo.

Acne

Acne is a very common problem, particularly during puberty in teenagers, and is thought to relate to an increased production of sebum due to hormonal factors. The increased production of sebum can lead to a blockage of the sebaceous gland duct. A result of this is the appearance of a comedo, (commonly called a blackhead or a whitehead) which can then result in a propensity to infection, particularly by the bacteria propionibacterium acnes. This can inflame the comedones which then change into the characteristic acne lesions. Comedones generally occur on the areas with more sebaceous glands, particularly the face, shoulders, upper chest and back. Comedones may be 'black' or 'white' depending on whether the entire pilosebaceous unit, or just the sebaceous duct, is blocked.^[32] Sebaceous filaments which are innocuous build-ups of sebum can often be mistaken for whiteheads.

There are many treatments available for acne from reducing sugars in the diet, to medications that include antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, retinoids and hormonal treatments.^[32] Retinoids reduce the amount of sebum produced by the sebaceous glands.^[33] Should the usual treatments fail, the presence of the Demodex mite could be looked for as the possible cause.^[34]

Other

Other conditions that involve the sebaceous glands include:

Seborrhoea refers to overactive sebaceous glands, a cause of oily skin ^[3] or hair.^[15]
Sebaceous hyperplasia, referring to excessive proliferation of the cells within the glands, and visible macroscopically as small papules on the skin, particularly on the forehead, nose and cheeks.^[35]
Seborrhoeic dermatitis, a chronic, usually mild form of dermatitis effected by changes in the sebaceous glands.^[36] In newborn infants seborrhoea dermatitis can occur as cradle cap.
Seborrheic-like psoriasis (also known as "Sebopsoriasis,"^[37] and "Seborrhiasis") is a skin condition characterized by psoriasis with an overlapping seborrheic dermatitis.^[1]^:193
Sebaceous adenoma, a benign slow-growing tumour which may however in rare cases be a precursor to a cancer syndrome known as Muir-Torre syndrome.^[3]
Sebaceous carcinoma, an uncommon and aggressive cutaneous tumour.^[38]
Sebaceous cyst is a term used to refer to both an epidermoid cyst and a pilar cyst, though neither of these contain sebum, only keratin and do not originate in the sebaceous gland and so are not true sebaceous cysts. A true sebaceous cyst is relatively rare and is known as a steatocystoma.^[39]
Phymatous rosacea is a cutaneous condition characterized by an overgrowth of sebaceous glands.^[37]

History

The word sebaceous, meaning "consisting of sebum", was first termed in 1728 and comes from the Latin for tallow.^[40] Sebaceous glands have been documented since at least 1746 by Jean Astruc, who defined them as "the glands which separate the fat".^[41]^:viii He describes them in the oral cavity, on the head, eyelids and ears, as "universally" acknowledged.,^[41]^:22–25 viii Astruc describes them being blocked by "small animals" that are "implanted" in the excretory ducts,^[41]^:64 and attributes their presence in the oral cavity to apthous ulcers, noting "these glands naturally [secrete] a viscous humour, which puts on various colours and consistencies... in its natural state is very mild, balsamic, and intended to wet and lubricate the mouth" ^[41]^:85–86 In The Principles of Physiology 1834, A. Combe noted that the glands were not present in the palms of the hands or soles of the feet.^[42]

Other animals

The preputial glands of mice and rats are large modified sebaceous glands that produce pheromones used for territorial marking.^[3] These and the scent glands in the flanks of hamsters have a similar composition to human sebaceous glands, are androgen responsive, and have been used as a basis for study.^[3]

Sebaceous adenitis is an autoimmune disease affecting the sebaceous gland, known mainly to occur in dogs, particularly poodles and akitas, where it is thought to be generally autosomal recessively inherited. It has also been described in cats, and one report describes this condition in a rabbit. In these animals, it is a cause of hair loss, although the nature and distribution of the hair loss differs greatly.^[43]

Additional images

Base of pilosebaceous unit
Insertion of sebaceous glands into hair shaft
Sagittal section through the upper eyelid.
A hair follicle with associated structures.

References

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^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Young, Barbra; Lowe, James S; Stevens, Alan; Heath, John W; Deakin, Philip J (March 2006). Wheater's Functional Histology (5 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 175–178. ISBN 978-0-443-06850-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Smith, K. R.; Thiboutot, D. M. (2007). "Thematic Review Series: Skin Lipids. Sebaceous Gland Lipids: Friend Or Foe?". Journal of Lipid Research 49 (2): 271–281. doi:10.1194/jlr.R700015-JLR200. PMID 17975220.
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^ "Exercise 15: Hair", VT.edu, 2008, webpage: Vetmed-lab15.
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^ Sweeney, Thomas M (December 1968). "The Effect of Estrogen and Androgen on the Sebaceous Gland Turnover Time". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology 53: 8–10. doi:10.1038/jid.1969.100.
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^ Wilkinson, P.F. Millington, R. (1983). Skin (Digitally printed version ed.). Cambridge (GB) [etc.]: Cambridge university press. p. 151. ISBN 978-0-521-24122-9.
^ Monika-Hildegard Schmid-Wendtner; Korting Schmid-Wendtner (2007). Ph and Skin Care. ABW Wissenschaftsverlag. pp. 31–. ISBN 978-3-936072-64-8. Retrieved 19 June 2012.
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^ Youn, S. W. (2010). "The Role of Facial Sebum Secretion in Acne Pathogenesis: Facts and Controversies". Clinics in Dermatology 28 (1): 8–11. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.03.011. PMID 20082943.
^ ^a ^b Mackenna, R. M. B.; Wheatley, V. R.; Wormall, A. (1950). "The Composition of the Surface Skin Fat ('Sebum') from the Human Forearm". Journal of Investigative Dermatology 15 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1038/jid.1950.69. PMID 14774573.
^ "Thematic Review Series: Skin Lipids. Antimicrobial lipids at the skin surface". 10 May 2011.
^ Thiele, Jens J.; Weber, Stefan U.; Packer, Lester (1999). "Sebaceous Gland Secretion is a Major Physiologic Route of Vitamin E Delivery to Skin". Journal of Investigative Dermatology 113 (6): 1006–1010. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00794.x. PMID 10594744.
^ Zouboulis, Christos C.; et al. , Jens Malte; et al. (2008). "Frontiers in Sebaceous Gland Biology and Pathology". Experimental Dermatology 17 (6): 542–551. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2008.00725.x. PMID 18474083.
^ Doucet, Sébastien; Soussignan, Robert; Sagot, Paul; Schaal, Benoist (2009). Hausberger, Martine, ed. "The Secretion of Areolar (Montgomery's) Glands from Lactating Women Elicits Selective, Unconditional Responses in Neonates". PLoS ONE 4 (10): e7579. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007579. PMC 2761488. PMID 19851461.
^ McCulley, JP; Shine, WE (Mar 2004). "The lipid layer of tears: dependent on meibomian gland function.". Experimental eye research 78 (3): 361–5. doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(03)00203-3. PMID 15106913.
^ Dorland's (2012). Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (32nd ed.). Elsevier Saunders. p. 781. ISBN 978-0-19-856878-0.
^ Dorland's (2012). Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (32nd ed.). Elsevier Saunders. p. 802. ISBN 978-0-19-856878-0.
^ Roeser, RJ; Ballachanda, BB (Dec 1997). "Physiology, pathophysiology, and anthropology/epidemiology of human earcanal secretions.". Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 8 (6): 391–400. PMID 9433685.
^ ^a ^b Britton, the editors Nicki R. Colledge, Brian R. Walker, Stuart H. Ralston ; illustrated by Robert (2010). Davidson's principles and practice of medicine. (21st ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. pp. 1267–1268. ISBN 978-0-7020-3085-7.
^ Farrell LN, Strauss JS, Stranieri AM; Strauss; Stranieri (December 1980). "The treatment of severe cystic acne with 13-cis-retinoic acid. Evaluation of sebum production and the clinical response in a multiple-dose trial". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 3 (6): 602–11. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(80)80074-0. PMID 6451637.
^ Zhao YE, Peng Y, Wang XL, Wu LP, Wang M, Yan HL, Xiao SX (2011). "Facial dermatosis associated with Demodex: a case-control study". J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 12 (12): 1008–15. doi:10.1631/jzus.B1100179. PMC 3232434. PMID 22135150.
^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. p. 662. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
^ Dessinioti, C.; Katsambas, A. (2013). "Seborrheic dermatitis: etiology, risk factors, and treatments: facts and controversies". Clin Dermatol 31 (4): 343–51. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.01.001. PMID 23806151.
^ ^a ^b Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
^ Nelson BR, Hamlet KR, Gillard M, Railan D, Johnson TM; Hamlet; Gillard; Railan; Johnson (July 1995). "Sebaceous carcinoma". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 33 (1): 1–15; quiz 16–8. doi:10.1016/0190-9622(95)90001-2. PMID 7601925.
^ Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CA, Bouquot JE. (2002). Oral & maxillofacial pathology (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. p. 31. ISBN 0-7216-9003-3.
^ Harper, Douglas. "Sebaceous". Etymology Online. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Astruc, Jean (1746). A General and Compleat Treatise on All the Diseases Incident to Children. J. Nourse.
^ Rosenthal, Stanley A; Furnari, Domenica (1958). "Slide Agglutination as a Presumptive Test in the Laboratory Diagnosis of Candida Albicans1". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology 31 (5): 251–253. doi:10.1038/jid.1958.50. PMID 13598929.
^ Lars Mecklenburg; Monika Linek; Desmond J. Tobin (15 September 2009). Hair Loss Disorders in Domestic Animals. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 269–. ISBN 978-0-8138-1934-1.

External links

Histology image: 08801loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Integument: scalp"
Sebaceous Glands at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 脂腺癌 sebaceous carcinoma
2. 眼瞼の病変 eyelid lesions
3. 妊娠中の肌、髪、爪、粘膜 the skin hair nails and mucous membranes during pregnancy
4. 尋常性ざ瘡の病因、臨床症状、および診断 pathogenesis clinical manifestations and diagnosis of acne vulgaris
5. 正常な副腎皮質性第二次性徴 normal adrenarche

English Journal

A nanoscaffold impregnated with human wharton's jelly stem cells or its secretions improves healing of wounds.

Tam K1, Cheyyatraviendran S, Venugopal J, Biswas A, Choolani M, Ramakrishna S, Bongso A, Fong CY.Author information 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Yoo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.AbstractWound healing is a major problem in diabetic patients and current methods of treatment have met with limited success. Since skin cell renewal is under the control of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treatment of wounds has been attempted with the application of exogenous bone marrow MSCs (hBMMSCs). However, hBMMSCs have the limitations of painful harvest, low cell numbers and short-lived stemness properties unlike MSCs from the Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cords (hWJSCs). Since nanoscaffolds provide three dimensional architectural patterns that mimic in vivo stem cell niches and aloe vera has antibacterial properties we evaluated the use of an aloe vera-polycaprolactone (AV/PCL) nanoscaffold impregnated with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled hWJSCs (GFP-hWJSCs + AV/PCL) or its conditioned medium (hWJSC-CM + AV/PCL) for healing of excisional and diabetic wounds. In skin fibroblast scratch-wound assays exposed to GFP-hWJSCs + AV/PCL or hWJSC-CM + AV/PCL, fibroblasts migrated significantly faster from edges of scratches into vacant areas together with increased secretion of collagen I and III, elastin, fibronectin, superoxide dismutase, and metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) compared to controls. After one application of GFP-hWJSCs + AV/PCL or hWJSC-CM + AV/PCL excisional and diabetic wounds in mice showed rapid wound closure, reepithelialization, and increased numbers of sebaceous glands and hair follicles compared to controls. The same wounds exposed to GFP-hWJSCs + AV/PCL or hWJSC-CM + AV/PCL also showed positive keratinocyte markers (cytokeratin, involucrin, filaggrin) and increased expression of ICAM-1, TIMP-1, and VEGF-A compared to controls. AV/PCL nanoscaffolds in combination with hWJSCs appear to have synergistic benefits for wound healing.
Journal of cellular biochemistry.J Cell Biochem.2014 Apr;115(4):794-803. doi: 10.1002/jcb.24723.
Wound healing is a major problem in diabetic patients and current methods of treatment have met with limited success. Since skin cell renewal is under the control of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treatment of wounds has been attempted with the application of exogenous bone marrow MSCs (hBMMSCs). How
PMID 24265214

Fatty acid transporters in skin development, function and disease.

Lin MH1, Khnykin D2.Author information 1Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.2Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Dermatology Department, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: denis.khnykin@labmed.uio.no.AbstractFatty acids in the epidermis can be incorporated into complex lipids or exist in a free form, and they are crucial to proper functions of the epidermis and its appendages, such as sebaceous glands. Epidermal fatty acids can be synthesized de novo by keratinocytes or taken up from extracutaneous sources in a process that likely involves protein transporters. Several proteins that are expressed in the epidermis have been proposed to facilitate the uptake of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) in mammalian cells, including fatty acid translocase/CD36, fatty acid binding protein, and fatty acid transport protein (FATP)/very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms by which these candidate transporters facilitate the uptake of fatty acids. We will then discuss the clinical implications of defects in these transporters and relevant animal models, including the FATP4 animal models and ichthyosis prematurity syndrome, a congenital ichthyosis caused by FATP4 deficiency. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled The Important Role of Lipids in the Epidermis and their Role in the Formation and Maintenance of the Cutaneous Barrier. Guest Editors: Kenneth R. Feingold and Peter Elias.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2014 Mar;1841(3):362-368. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.09.016. Epub 2013 Oct 8.
Fatty acids in the epidermis can be incorporated into complex lipids or exist in a free form, and they are crucial to proper functions of the epidermis and its appendages, such as sebaceous glands. Epidermal fatty acids can be synthesized de novo by keratinocytes or taken up from extracutaneous sour
PMID 24120574

Propionibacterium acnes: an update on its role in the pathogenesis of acne.

Beylot C1, Auffret N, Poli F, Claudel JP, Leccia MT, Del Giudice P, Dreno B.Author information 1Bordeaux, France.AbstractIn recent years, significant progress has been made in the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of acne and the role of Propionibacterium acnes. With this review, the authors aim to provide an update on the current understanding of the role of P. acnes in the development of acne lesions and analysing the potential implications for future treatments. A total of 188 articles published between January 1980 and March 2013 were searched using key words such as acne, P. acnes, microbiology, Corynebacterium acnes, acne vulgaris, pathogenesis, antibiotic, vaccination and a combination of those key words. From those articles, 77 were analysed in depth. Recent data confirm that P. acnes has a strong proinflammatory activity and targets molecules involved in the innate cutaneous immunity, keratinocytes and sebaceous glands of the pilosebaceous follicle and leads to the development of comedones. Furthermore, the profile of its different strains may differ between healthy subjects and acne patients. The better understanding of the role of P. acnes may allow for new perspectives in the treatment of acne. Novel therapies should target molecules implicated in the activation of innate immunity, including toll-like receptors, protease-activated receptors and topical antimicrobial peptides; the latter may be an alternative to topical antibiotics and thus a solution for limiting bacterial resistance induced by topical macrolides. Vaccines may also be promising. However, the most appropriate candidate remains to be selected.
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol.2014 Mar;28(3):271-8. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12224. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
In recent years, significant progress has been made in the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of acne and the role of Propionibacterium acnes. With this review, the authors aim to provide an update on the current understanding of the role of P. acnes in the development of acne lesio
PMID 23905540

Japanese Journal

症例免疫抑制治療中に生じた多発脂腺増殖症の1例

太田征孝,今岡千治,森田栄伸
皮膚科の臨床 57(5), 555-557, 2015-05
NAID 40020481022

臨床報告緩和的放射線治療が有用であった涙腺原発と思われる脂腺癌の1例

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臨床眼科 69(3), 397-402, 2015-03
NAID 40020395808

Categorization of Benign Parotid Gland Tumors Based on Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI

Ishida Mariko,Yoshioka Yuma,Wakayama Nozomu,Sekine Kuwon,Yamaguchi Satoshi,Kimura Maki,Matsune Shoji,Okubo Kimihiro
耳鼻咽喉科臨床　補冊 141(0), 68-69, 2015
… To predict the histological type of parotid salivary gland tumors, dynamic-enhanced MRI could be useful. … Eight patients with parotid salivary gland tumors were examined preoperatively using gadolinium-enhanced dynamic MRI. … According to the pathological diagnosis, the tumors of patients study comprised four cases of pleomorphic adenomas, two cases of Warthin tumors, one case of sebaceous lymphadenoma and one case of salivary duct cysts. …
NAID 130005077935

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リンク元	「脂腺」「皮脂腺」「sebaceum」
拡張検索	「sebaceous gland neoplasm」

「脂腺」

Sebaceous gland
	Schematic view of hair follicle and sebaceous gland.
	Cross-section of all skin layers. A hair follicle with associated structures. (Sebaceous glands labeled at center left.)
Details
Latin	glandula sebacea
Identifiers
Gray's	p.1069
MeSH	A10.336.827
Dorlands; /Elsevier	12392642
TA	A16.0.00.030
FMA	59160
	Anatomical terminology

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英: sebaceous gland, sebaceous glands
ラ: glandulae sebaceae
同: 皮脂腺
関: フォアダイス状態

「皮脂腺」

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英: sebaceous gland、sebaceum
関: 脂腺

「sebaceum」

　　[★]

皮脂腺

関: sebaceous gland

「sebaceous gland neoplasm」

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脂腺腫瘍、脂腺新生物

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案内

sebaceous gland