環状染色体
WordNet
- sound loudly and sonorously; "the bells rang" (同)peal
- a toroidal shape; "a ring of ships in the harbor"; "a halo of smoke" (同)halo, annulus, doughnut, anchor ring
- jewelry consisting of a circlet of precious metal (often set with jewels) worn on the finger; "she had rings on every finger"; "he noted that she wore a wedding band" (同)band
- a characteristic sound; "it has the ring of sincerity"
- a platform usually marked off by ropes in which contestants box or wrestle
- the sound of a bell ringing; "the distinctive ring of the church bell"; "the ringing of the telephone"; "the tintinnabulation that so voluminously swells from the ringing and the dinging of the bells"--E. A. Poe (同)ringing, tintinnabulation
- attach a ring to the foot of, in order to identify; "ring birds"; "band the geese to observe their migratory patterns" (同)band
- make (bells) ring, often for the purposes of musical edification; "Ring the bells"; "My uncle rings every Sunday at the local church" (同)knell
- wearing a wedding ring; lawfully married; "a ringed wife"- Tennyson
- having colored rings around the body
- a threadlike strand of DNA in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order; "humans have 22 chromosome pairs plus two sex chromosomes"
- gymnastic apparatus consisting of a pair of heavy metal circles (usually covered with leather) suspended by ropes; used for gymnastic exercises; "the rings require a strong upper body"
- the giving of a ring as a token of engagement
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『指輪』 / 『輪』,環;輪形,円形 / (円形の)サーカス演技場,公演場,競技場;(ボクシング・レスリングの)リング / 《複数形で》(体操の)つり輪 / (不法な目的で結託した)(…の)徒党,一味《+『of』+『名』》 / (原子の)環 / …を円形に取り囲む,円で囲む《+『about』(『around』,《英》『round』)+『名,』+『名』+『about』(『around』,《英》『round』)+『名』》 / 〈動物〉‘に'鼻輪(首輪,足輪)をはめる / (遊びで)…‘に'輪を投げる / 環状に動く,輪を描く
- 〈鐘・ベルなどが〉『鳴る』 / 《『ring』+『形』〈補〉》(…のように)聞こえる / (…を)ベルを鳴らして求める《+『for』+『名』》 / 〈音声・楽器などが〉鳴り響く;〈場所が〉(音などで)満ちる《+『with』+『名』》 / 耳鳴りがする / 〈鐘・ベルなど〉‘を'『鳴らす』 / 〈人〉‘を'(鐘などを)『鳴らして呼ぶ』;…‘を'鐘を鳴らして知らせる / 《英》…‘に'電話をかける《+『up』+『名』,+『名』+『up』》 / 《単数形で》(鐘・ベルなどの)『鳴る音,響き』《+『of』+『名』》 / 鐘(ベルなど)を鳴らすこと;ベル(など)が鳴ること / 《単数形で》(…の)固有の響き,調子,感じ《+『of』+『名』》 / 《話》電話をかけること
- 輪にある;環状の / 指輪をはめた
- 染色体
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/12/17 20:45:21」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Representative karyotype from a well differentiated transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The chromosome indicated by "mar" represents unidentified marker, "r" represents ring chromosome. Arrowheads indicate breakpoints.
A ring chromosome is a chromosome whose arms have fused together to form a ring. Ring chromosomes were first discovered by Lilian Vaughan Morgan in 1926.[1] A ring chromosome is denoted by the symbol r in human genetics or R in Drosophila genetics. Ring chromosomes may form in cells following genetic damage by mutagens like radiation, but they may also arise spontaneously during development.
Contents
- 1 Formation
- 2 Associated diseases
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
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Formation
Formation of a ring chromosome.
Normally, the ends of a chromosome are lost, enabling the arms to fuse together. However, ring formation can also occur with only one end being lost. In rare cases, the telomeres at the ends of a chromosome fuse without any disappearing of material.[2]
Associated diseases
Human genetic disorders can be caused by spontaneous ring chromosome formation; although ring chromosomes are very rare, they have been found in nearly all human chromosomes. Disorders arising from the formation of a ring chromosome include ring chromosome 20 syndrome where a ring formed by one copy of chromosome 20 is associated with epilepsy; ring chromosome 14 and ring chromosome 13 syndrome are associated with mental retardation and dysmorphic facial features; ring chromosome 15 is associated with mental retardation, dwarfism and microcephaly. Ring formation of an X-chromosome causes Turner syndrome. Symptoms seen in patients carrying ring chromosomes are more likely to be caused by the deletion of genes in the telomeric regions of affected chromosomes, rather than by the formation of a ring structure itself.
Complex rearrangements including segmental microdeletions and microduplications have been seen in numerous ring chromosomes providing important clues regarding the mechanisms of their formation.[3]
See also
References
- ^ Morgan, LV (1926 Mar). "Correlation between Shape and Behavior of a Chromosome.". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 12 (3): 180–1. PMID 16576974.
- ^ Mitotic and meiotic behaviour of a naturally transmitted ring Y chromosome: reproductive risk evaluation Núria Arnedo, Carme Nogués, Mercè Bosch and Cristina Templado
- ^ Shchelochkov O et al., Mosaicism for r(X) and der(X)del(X)(p11.23)dup(X)(p11.21p11.22) Provides Insight into the Possible Mechanism of Rearrangement, Molecular Cytogenetics 2008, 1:16
External links
- Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology, explains HOW the ring formation causes abnormalities.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Establishment and characterization of an epithelial cell line from thymus of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822).
- Chaudhary DK, Sood N, Swaminathan TR, Rathore G, Pradhan PK, Agarwal NK, Jena JK.SourceNational Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow-226 002, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: chaudharydk12@gmail.com.
- Gene.Gene.2013 Jan 10;512(2):546-53. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.09.081. Epub 2012 Sep 28.
- A cell line, CTE, derived from catla (Catla catla) thymus has been established by explant method and subcultured for more than 70 passages over a period of 400days. The cell line has been maintained in L-15 (Leibovitz) medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. CTE cell line consists of homoge
- PMID 23026220
- Analysis of 20 genes at chromosome band 12q13: RACGAP1 and MCRS1 overexpression in nonsmall-cell lung cancer.
- Liang Y, Liu M, Wang P, Ding X, Cao Y.SourceLaboratory of Molecular and Experimental Pathology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
- Genes, chromosomes & cancer.Genes Chromosomes Cancer.2012 Dec 8. doi: 10.1002/gcc.22030. [Epub ahead of print]
- Chromosomal aberrations at 12q13 are frequent in nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we examined mRNA expression of 20 genes within chromosome band 12q13 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in NSCLC. Of the 20 genes, nine were upregulated, while two genes were downregulated. Amo
- PMID 23225332
Japanese Journal
- 臨床研究・症例報告 14番環状染色体をもつ難治性てんかんの1例
Related Links
- chromosome /chro·mo·some/ (kro´mah-sōm) in animal cells, a structure in the nucleus containing a linear thread of DNA which transmits genetic ... Loss of this function results in unstable chromosomes which, in ring chromosome ...
- The Ring Chromosome 20 Foundation was created to provide assistance, resources, information and counseling to families and patients who have Ring Chromosome 20 syndrome (also known as r20 syndrome). ... The Ring ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- ring chromosome, circular chromosome
[★]
- 関
- annulus、circle、loop、wheel