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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/01 22:22:14」(JST)

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Ribitol or adonitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol (C₅H₁₂O₅) formed by the reduction of ribose. It occurs naturally in the plant Adonis vernalis, as well as in the cell walls of Gram positive bacteria (specifically, as ribitol phosphate, in teichoic acids). It also contributes to the chemical structure of riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which is a nucleotide coenzyme, present in the enzyme glycolate oxidase.

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1. インフルエンザ菌の微生物学、疫学および治療 microbiology epidemiology and treatment of haemophilus influenzae

English Journal

Urinary excretion of polyols and sugars in children with chronic kidney disease.

Vanlede K1, Kluijtmans LA, Monnens L, Levtchenko E.
Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany).Pediatr Nephrol.2015 Sep;30(9):1537-40. doi: 10.1007/s00467-015-3135-1. Epub 2015 Jun 9.
BACKGROUND: The urinary concentrations of monosaccharides and polyols are used for diagnosing inborn errors of metabolism and renal tubular disorders. Reference values are age-related and depend on the method of detection. However, the influence of the renal function is often still neglected. In thi
PMID 26054712

International collaborative study for establishment of the 2nd WHO International Standard for Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide.

Mawas F1, Burkin K2, Dougall T3, Saydam M2, Rigsby P3, Bolgiano B2; Hib PRP IS Working Group.
Biologicals : journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization.Biologicals.2015 Aug 19. pii: S1045-1056(15)00086-X. doi: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2015.07.006. [Epub ahead of print]
In this report we present the results of a collaborative study for the preparation and calibration of a replacement International Standard (IS) for Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide (polyribosyl ribitol phosphate; 5-d-ribitol-(1 → 1)-β-d-ribose-3-phosphate; PRP). Two candidate prepar
PMID 26298195

Surface-glycopolymers are crucial for in vitro anti-WTA IgG-mediated complement activation and opsonophagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus.

Lee JH1, Kim NH1, Winstel V2, Kurokawa K3, Larsen J4, An JH1, Khan A1, Seong MY1, Lee MJ1, Andersen PS4, Peschel A2, Lee BL5.
Infection and immunity.Infect Immun.2015 Aug 17. pii: IAI.00767-15. [Epub ahead of print]
The cell envelopes of many Gram-positive bacteria contain wall teichoic acids (WTA). Staphylococcus aureus WTAs are composed of ribitol phosphate (RboP) or glycerol phosphate (GroP) backbones substituted with D-alanine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) or N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc). Two WTA
PMID 26283333

Japanese Journal

Gene Cloning and Characterization of L-Ribulose 3-epimerase from Mesorhizobium loti and Its Application to Rare Sugar Production

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Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 77(3), 511-515, 2013
… It was able to produce L-xylulose efficiently from ribitol in two-step reactions. … In the end, 7.2 g of L-xylulose was obtained from 20 g of ribitol via L-ribulose at a yield of 36%. …
NAID 130004054034

Comparison of Components and Synthesis Genes of Cell Wall Teichoic Acid among Lactobacillus plantarum Strains

, , [他], , , ,
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 74(5), 928-933, 2010-05-23
… The WTA of each strain was classified by its components as being either the glycerol- or the ribitol-type. … region were tarI, tarJ, tarK, and tarL, which are involved in the synthesis of the ribitol-type backbone. …
NAID 10027554682

Structures of Two Monomeric Units of Teichoic Acid Prepared from the Cell Wall of Lactobacillus plantarum NRIC 1068

, , [他], , ,
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 73(3), 530-535, 2009-03-23
… Componential analysis by HPLC showed that these monomers were composed of ribitol, glucose, and phosphoric acid. … The structures of F1 and F2 were determined to be 3,4-α-D-diglucosyl-2-phosphoryl ribitol and 3,4-α-D-diglucosyl-1-phosphoryl ribitol respectively. …
NAID 10027538227

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Ribitol
Names
	IUPAC name D-ribitol
	Other names Adonit, Adonite, Adonitol, Adonitrol, Pentitol, 1,2,3,4,5-Pentanepentol, 1,2,3,4,5-Pentanol, (2R,3S,4S)-Pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol, Pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	488-81-3
ChEBI	CHEBI:15963
ChemSpider	10254628
	InChI InChI=1S/C5H12O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h3-10H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5- ; Key: HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-ZXFHETKHSA-N ; InChI=1/C5H12O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h3-10H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5- ;
Jmol-3D images	Image
KEGG	C00474
PubChem	827
	SMILES O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CO ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C5H12O5
Molar mass	152.15 g·mol−1
Melting point	102 °C (216 °F; 375 K)
Hazards
S-phrases	S22 S24/25
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

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