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a sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue separating or binding together muscles and organs etc (同)facia

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(髪を束ねる)細ひも / 鼻隠(はなかくし)板(軒先のたる木の木口を隠す板)
腎臓の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/10/03 02:51:20」(JST)

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The renal fascia or Gerota's fascia is a layer of connective tissue encapsulating the kidneys and the adrenal glands. The deeper layers below the renal fascia are, in order, the adipose capsule of the kidney (or "perirenal fat"), the renal capsule and finally the parenchyma of the renal cortex. The spaces about the kidney are typically divided into three compartments: the perinephric space and the anterior and posterior pararenal spaces.

Structure

Anterior attachment: Passes anterior to the kidney, renal vessels, abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava and fuses with the anterior layer of the renal fascia of the opposite kidney.
Posterior attachment: Fuses with the psoas fascia and side of the body of the vertebrae.
Superior attachment: The anterior and posterior layers fuse at the upper pole of the kidney and then split to enclose the adrenal gland. At the upper part of the adrenal gland they again fuse to form the suspensory ligament of the adrenal gland and fuse with the diaphragmatic fascia.
Inferior attachment: The layers don't fuse. The posterior layer descends downwards and fuses with the iliac fascia. The anterior layer blends with the connective tissue of the iliac fossa.

The anterior fascia and posterior fascia fuse laterally to form the lateroconal fascia which fuses with the transverse fascia.^[1]

In front of the fascia anterior to the perinephric space (also known as Toldt's membrane) is the anterior pararenal space which contains the pancreas, ascending and descending colon, and second through fourth parts of the duodenum. The fascia posterior to the perinephric space was named Zuckerkandl's fascia. Posterior to this lies the posterior paranephric space which does not contain any abdominal organs.^{[citation needed]}

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Burkill G.J.C., Healy J.C. (2000). "Anatomy of the retroperitoneum". Imaging. 12 (1): 10–20. doi:10.1259/img.12.1.120010.

External links

Anatomy photo:40:03-0102 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Posterior Abdominal Wall: The Retroperitoneal Fat and Suprarenal Glands"
Anatomy image:8951 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
figures/chapter_29/29-5.HTM: Basic Human Anatomy at Dartmouth Medical School

UpToDate Contents

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1. 腎細胞癌の臨床症状、評価、および病期分類 clinical manifestations evaluation and staging of renal cell carcinoma
2. 腎および腎周囲膿瘍 renal and perinephric abscess
3. 限局性腎細胞癌の外科的マネージメント surgical management of localized renal cell carcinoma
4. 死体および生体ドナー腎の同種移植片の機能回復 deceased and living donor renal allograft recovery
5. 腎臓の同種移植片機能不全の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of renal allograft dysfunction

English Journal

Transperitoneal Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy: A Comparison of Posterior and Anterior Renal Masses.

Harris KT, Ball MW, Gorin MA, Curtiss KM, Pierorazio PM, Allaf ME.Author information The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.AbstractAbstract Background and Purpose: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for posterior renal masses necessitates access to the posterior surface of the kidney either via a transperitoneal (TP) or retroperitoneal (RP) approach. While advocates of an RP approach claim reduced morbidity for posterior tumors, it is a less familiar approach to many urologists. In our institution, a TP approach is used for all patients undergoing RAPN. We compared demographics and perioperative outcomes of TP RAPN for posterior and anterior/lateral renal masses. Methods: Our institutional renal mass database was queried for patients with available preoperative imaging who underwent TP RAPN from 2007 to 2013. Posterior masses were accessed by opening the Gerota fascia and rotating the kidney anteromedially. Demographic and perioperative outcomes were compared for patients with posterior masses and anterior/lateral masses. Results: Overall, 260 TP RAPN were identified. Of these, 92 were for posterior tumors and 168 were for anterior and lateral tumors. Renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) was found in 77.3% of cases. Patient demographic and tumor characteristics were similar between groups. Among operative characteristics, warm ischemia time (17 vs 16.5, min P=0.70), operative time (160 vs 159 min, P=0.82), estimated blood loss (100 vs 100 mL, P=0.44), RCC positive surgical margins (1.4% vs 1.5%), and postoperative complications (19.6% vs 16.1%, P=1.0) were similar for posterior and anterior/lateral tumors, respectively. Conclusions: TP RAPN is a safe, effective treatment option for patients with posterior renal masses with no additional morbidity compared with anterior/lateral renal masses. RP PN remains an alternative treatment option.
Journal of endourology / Endourological Society.J Endourol.2014 Feb 14. [Epub ahead of print]
Abstract Background and Purpose: Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for posterior renal masses necessitates access to the posterior surface of the kidney either via a transperitoneal (TP) or retroperitoneal (RP) approach. While advocates of an RP approach claim reduced morbidity for posterior
PMID 24422597

Cephalic arch stenosis in dialysis patients: review of clinical relevance, anatomy, current theories on etiology and management.

Sivananthan G, Menashe L, Halin NJ.Author information Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA - USA.Abstract<sec id="st1"><title>ABSTRACT</title> <bold>Arteriovenous hemodialysis fistulas (AVFs) serve as a lifeline for many individuals with end-stage renal failure. A common cause of AVF failure is cephalic arch stenosis. Its high prevalence compounded with its resistance to treatment makes cephalic arch stenosis important to understand. Proposed etiologies include altered flow in a fistulized cephalic vein, external compression by fascia, the unique morphology of the cephalic arch, large number of valves in the cephalic outflow tract and biochemical changes that accompany renal failure. Management options are also in debate and include angioplasty, cutting balloon angioplasty, bare metal stents, stent grafts and surgical techniques including flow reduction with minimally invasive banding as well as more invasive venovenostomy with transposition surgeries for refractory cases. In this review, the evidence for the clinical relevance of cephalic arch stenosis, its etiology and management are summarized.</bold> </sec>
The journal of vascular access.J Vasc Access.2014 Jan 27;0(0):0. doi: 10.5301/jva.5000203. [Epub ahead of print]
<sec id="st1"><title>ABSTRACT</title> <bold>Arteriovenous hemodialysis fistulas (AVFs) serve as a lifeline for many individuals with end-stage renal failure. A common cause of AVF failure is cephalic arch stenosis. Its high prevalence compounded with its resistance to treatme
PMID 24474522

Anatomical retroperitoneoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: initial operative experience.

Yao K, Li ZS, Zhou FJ, Qin ZK, Liu ZW, Li YH, Han H.Author information Department of Urology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.AbstractTo introduce the technique of anatomical retroperitoneoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (ARRPLND) was performed in 12 consecutive patients with a clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ-cell tumor (NSGCT) between February 2008 and October 2010. All procedures were performed using a modified template nerve-sparing approach. The retroperitoneal space was adequately expanded using double gasbags. After the retroperitoneal fat was cleared, two relatively bloodless planes were entered consecutively to expose the lymph node and permit dissection. Dissection proceeded first in the plane between the anterior renal fascia and posterior peritoneum, and secondly in the avascular plane between the posterior renal fascia and transversalis fascia. The proximal spermatic vein was clipped at the initial stage. En bloc resection of the lymph tissue and fat between the anterior renal fascia and posterior renal fascia were performed. Three patients (25%) had pathologic stage IIA disease and received adjuvant chemotherapy. No recurrence was observed during follow-up ranging from 26 to 58 months. The median operative time was 205 min (range: 165-430 min) and median estimated blood loss was 320 ml (range: 100-1200 ml). There were two intraoperative complications (Clavien grade II) and one open conversion due to perforation of the peritoneum. Postoperative complications (Clavien I) developed in three patients. Normal antegrade ejaculation recovered by 1 month following the operation. Our preliminary results indicate that ARRPLND is technically feasible and associated with satisfactory clinical outcomes for clinical stage I NSGCT. Further studies are necessary to evaluate this technique.
Asian journal of andrology.Asian J Androl.2014 Jan-Feb;16(1):136-9. doi: 10.4103/1008-682X.122188.
To introduce the technique of anatomical retroperitoneoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (ARRPLND) was performed in 12 consecutive patients with a clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ-cell tumor (NSGCT) between February 2008 and October 2010. All procedures were performed using a modifie
PMID 24369147

Japanese Journal

縦隔気腫，後腹膜気腫，皮下気腫を認めた直腸S状部穿孔の1例

日本腹部救急医学会雑誌 34(3), 685-689, 2014
NAID 130004890821

3D-CTが有用であった交叉性異所性融合腎を併存した直腸癌の1例

日本臨床外科学会雑誌 75(3), 754-758, 2014
NAID 130004696562

Retzius腔とはどこか?:-正中アプローチTEP (Totally ExtraPeritoneal repair) における進入経路の解剖-

順天堂醫事雑誌 59(2), 189-193, 2013
NAID 130004715539

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「腎筋膜」
関連記事	「renal」

「腎筋膜」

Renal fascia
	Transverse section, showing the relations of the capsule of the kidney.
	Sagittal section through posterior abdominal wall, showing the relations of the capsule of the kidney.
Details
System	Urinary system
Identifiers
Latin	fascia renalis
TA	A08.1.01.010
FMA	18104
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]