WordNet

(library science) the count of books that are loaned by a library over a specified period
movement through a circuit; especially the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels
number of copies of a newspaper or magazine that are sold; "by increasing its circulation the newspaper hoped to increase its advertising"
the spread or transmission of something (as news or money) to a wider group or area
free movement or passage (as of cytoplasm within a cell or sap through a plant); "ocean circulation is an important part of global climate"; "a fan aids air circulation"
the dissemination of copies of periodicals (as newspapers or magazines)

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〈U〉『血液の循環』,血行 / 〈U〉(貨幣の)流通;(情報・うわさなどの)流布伝達;(新聞・雑誌など,印刷物の)配布 / 〈C〉(新聞・雑誌などの)発行部数
腎臓の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/03 18:29:01」(JST)

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The circulation to and from the kidneys.

1. Renal pyramid
2. Interlobular artery
3. Renal artery
4. Renal vein
5. Renal hilum
6. Renal pelvis
7. Ureter
8. Minor calyx
9. Renal capsule
10. Inferior renal capsule
11. Superior renal capsule
12. Interlobular vein
13. Cortical nephron (in cortex)
14. Minor calyx
15. Major calyx
16. Renal papilla
17. Renal column

The renal circulation receives around 20% of the cardiac output. It branches from the abdominal aorta and returns blood to the ascending vena cava. It is the blood supply to the kidney, and contains many specialized blood vessels.

Circulation

The table below shows the path that blood takes when it travels through the glomerulus, traveling "down" the arteries, and "up" the veins. However, this model is greatly simplified for clarity and symmetry. Some of the other paths and complications are described at the bottom of the table.

INTERLOBAR ARTERY & VEIN (not to be confused with interlobular) are between 2 renal lobes, also known as the renal column (cortex region between two pyramids).

Arteries (down)	Veins (up)
Abdominal aorta	Vena cava
Renal artery (Note 1)	Renal vein
Segmental arteries (Note 2)	-
Lobar arteries	-
Interlobar artery	Interlobar vein
Arcuate arteries	Arcuate vein
Interlobular artery (Note 3)	Interlobular vein
Afferent arterioles	Efferent arterioles (Note 4)
Glomerulus	Glomerulus

Note 1: The renal artery also provides a branch to the inferior suprarenal artery to supply the adrenal gland.
Note 2: Each renal artery partitions into an anterior and posterior branch. The anterior branch further divides into the superior (apical), anterosuperior, anteroinferior and inferior segmental arteries. The posterior branch continues as the posterior segmental artery.
Note 3: Also called the cortical radiate arteries. The interlobular artery also supplies to the stellate veins.
Note 4: The efferent arterioles don't directly drain into the interlobular vein, but rather they go to the peritubular capillaries first. The efferent arterioles of the juxtamedullary nephron drain into the vasa recta.

External links

Training at wisc-online.com

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UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

The Negative Prognostic Impact of a First Ever Episode of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Cirrhosis and Ascites.

Ra G1, Tsien C, Renner EL, Wong FS.
Journal of clinical gastroenterology.J Clin Gastroenterol.2015 Nov-Dec;49(10):858-65. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000311.
BACKGROUND: The prognostic impact of the first ever episode of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) on patient outcomes is not well described. Our aim was to compare the clinical outcomes of cirrhotic patients with ascites, and with or without a first episode of SBP.METHODS: Consecutive patients
PMID 25811112

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Vivian E1.
The Diabetes educator.Diabetes Educ.2015 Oct 8. pii: 0145721715607643. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: The purpose of this review article is to provide guidance to clinicians and diabetes educators regarding the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors as a therapeutic option for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).METHODS: The PubMed database was s
PMID 26450220

The Choice of Hemodialysis Membrane Affects Bisphenol A Levels in Blood.

Bosch-Panadero E1, Mas S2, Sanchez-Ospina D3, Camarero V4, Pérez-Gómez MV5, Saez-Calero I4, Abaigar P4, Ortiz A6, Egido J7, González-Parra E8.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN.J Am Soc Nephrol.2015 Oct 2. pii: ASN.2015030312. [Epub ahead of print]
Bisphenol A (BPA), a component of some dialysis membranes, accumulates in CKD. Observational studies have linked BPA exposure to kidney and cardiovascular injury in humans, and animal studies have described a causative link. Normal kidneys rapidly excrete BPA, but insufficient excretion may sensitiz
PMID 26432902