WordNet

used up; "time is up"
raise; "up the ante"
extending or moving toward a higher place; "the up staircase"; "a general upward movement of fish" (同)upward
to a later time; "they moved the meeting date up"; "from childhood upward" (同)upwards, upward
spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position; "look up!"; "the music surged up"; "the fragments flew upwards"; "prices soared upwards"; "upwardly mobile" (同)upwards, upward, upwardly
(used of computers) operating properly; "how soon will the computers be up?"
(usually followed by `on or `for'
being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level; "the anchor is up"; "the sun is up"; "he lay face up"; "he is up by a pawn"; "the market is up"; "the corn is up"
nearer to the speaker; "he walked up and grabbed my lapels"
open; "the windows are up"
to a higher intensity; "he turned up the volume"
to a more central or a more northerly place; "was transferred up to headquarters"; "up to Canada for a vacation"
prescribed by or according to regulation; "regulation army equipment"
(embryology) the ability of an early embryo to continue normal development after its structure has been somehow damaged or altered
the state of being controlled or governed
the act of bringing to uniformity; making regular (同)regularization, regularisation
the act of controlling or directing according to rule; "fiscal regulations are in the hands of politicians" (同)regulating
an authoritative rule (同)ordinance
a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response
(chiefly British) of or appropriate to the upper classes especially in language use

PrepTutorEJDIC

《上への動作》『上へ』,上のほうへ / 《上の位置》『上に』,上のほうで / 『起こして』,立てて,直立して / (地図・紙面などの)『上へ(に)』,北のほうへ(に) / (遠くから)『近くへ,中心へ』;(周辺から)中心へ;(川下から)川上へ;(地方から)都会へ / (大きさ・量・価値・地位などが)『上のほうへ』,高く / (話者,話題の場所へ)『近づいて』,追いついて / 『活動して』,活動状態に / (物事・人が)現れて・起こって / 『すっかり』,完全に,終わって,…し尽くして / 保管(貯蔵)して;くるんだ(閉ざした)状態に / 《動詞を省略した命令文で》 / (野球・クリケットで)打席へ / (競技で)勝ち越して / (対抗の競技で)おのおの / 《移動・位置》『…の高いほうへ』,をのぼって;…の上のほうに / (川の)『上流へ』;(流れ・風)に逆らって;…の内陸(奥地)のほうへ / (自分が今いる所,またはある地点から前方へ)『…に沿って』 / 『上へ向かう』,(列車などが)上りの;上り坂の,(情勢などが)上向きの / 上り,上昇,上り坂 / 上昇気運,向上,幸運 / 上りの列車(バス・エレボーターなど) / 値上がり / …‘を'持ち上げる / …‘を'増大する,〈賃金・物価など〉‘を'引き上げる / 〈人〉‘を'昇進させる / 立ち上がる,起き上がる / 《and を伴って》急に(突然)…する
〈C〉『規則』,『規定』;法規,条例 / 〈U〉(…の)『規制』,『調整』《+『of』+『名』》 / 正規の,規定どおりの
=sense organ / 受信装置

UpToDate Contents

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1. インスリン受容体の構造および機能 structure and function of the insulin receptor
2. 鉄のバランス調節 regulation of iron balance
3. 甲状腺ホルモンの作用 thyroid hormone action
4. インスリン様成長因子 Iの生理学 physiology of insulin like growth factor i
5. 複合免疫不全 combined immunodeficiencies

English Journal

Folic acid-conjugated fluorescent polymer for up-regulation folate receptor expression study via targeted imaging of tumor cells.

Qiao J1, Dong P2, Mu X3, Qi L4, Xiao R2.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2016 Apr 15;78:147-53. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.11.021. Epub 2015 Nov 10.
Thoroughly investigation of folate receptor (FR) expression related to targeting drug delivery in tumor cells has been intensively pursued in recent years. Herein, a simple and versatile strategy for determination of FR expression based on targeted imaging of tumor cells with fluorescent nano-conjug
PMID 26606305

The metabolomics of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm babies: an exploratory study.

Wilcock A1, Begley P2,3, Stevens A4,5, Whatmore A4,5, Victor S4,5,6.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2016 Mar;29(5):758-62. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1017462. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
OBJECTIVE: No single diagnostic investigation is currently available for necrotising enterocolitis (NEC). We implemented a novel, untargeted, exploratory study to determine whether metabolomics can reveal early biomarker(s) of NEC. The effect of gestational age on the metabolome was also investigate
PMID 25786474

Glutamatergic plasticity and alcohol dependence-induced alterations in reward, affect and cognition.

Burnett EJ1, Chandler LJ2, Trantham-Davidson H2.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2016 Feb 4;65:309-20. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.08.012. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
INTRODUCTION: Alcohol dependence is characterized by a reduction in reward threshold, development of a negative affective state, and significant cognitive impairments. Dependence-induced glutamatergic neuroadaptations in the neurocircuitry mediating reward, affect and cognitive function are thought
PMID 26341050

Japanese Journal

Hepatic interferon-stimulated genes are differentially regulated in the liver of chronic hepatitis C patients with different interleukin-28B genotypes

Honda Masao,Shirasaki Takayoshi,Shimakami Tetsuro,Sakai Akito,Horii Rika,Arai Kuniaki,Yamashita Tatsuya,Sakai Yoshio,Yamashita Taro,Okada Hikari,Nakamura Mikiko,Mizukoshi Eishiro,Kaneko Shuichi
Hepatology 59(3), 828-838, 2014-03
… Pretreatment up-regulation of hepatic interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) has a stronger association with the treatment-resistant interleukin (IL)28B minor genotype (MI; … Despite having lower levels of immune cells, hepatic ISGs were up-regulated in the liver of MI patients and they were found to be regulated by multiple factors, namely, IL28A/B, IFN-λ4, and wingless-related MMTV integration site 5A (WNT5A). …
NAID 120005447749

Valproate recovers the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on the proliferation of the adult dentate gyrus-derived neural precursor cells via GSK-3 beta and beta-catenin pathway

Boku Shuken,Nakagawa Shin,Masuda Takahiro,Nishikawa Hiroyuki,Kato Akiko,Takamura Naoki,Omiya Yuki,Kitaichi Yuji,Inoue Takeshi,Kusumi Ichiro
European journal of pharmacology 723, 425-430, 2014-01-15
… We have already reported that Li recovers the inhibitory effects of dexamethasone (DEX), an agonist of glucocorticoid receptor, on the proliferation of adult rat DG-derived neural precursor cells (ADP) via GSK-3 beta and beta-catenin pathway. … These suggest that HDAC is not involved in the recovery effect of VPA on ADP proliferation and that VPA recovers the inhibitory effects of DEX via increasing the phosphorylation of Ser9 on GsK-3 beta and following up-regulation of beta-catenin pathway. …
NAID 120005460250

アレルギー性鼻炎におけるヒスタミンH1受容体遺伝子発現亢進の分子機構とその制御

北村嘉章,水口博之,福井裕行,武田憲昭
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 107(4), 261-270, 2014
… We are focusing on the histamine H1 receptor (H1R) as an allergic disease-sensitive gene. … H1R is a rate-limiting molecule of the H1R signal because the signal is increased with elevated receptor expression levels. … We discovered that the direct stimulation of H1R induced the up-regulation of H1R gene expression through PKCδ activation. …
NAID 130003395637