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a segment of DNA containing adjacent genes including structural genes and an operator gene and a regulatory gene

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1. サルモネラ胃腸炎の病因 pathogenesis of salmonella gastroenteritis
2. コアグラーゼ陰性ブドウ球菌の疫学、微生物学、および病因 epidemiology microbiology and pathogenesis of coagulase negative staphylococci
3. 肺炎桿菌感染症の微生物学および病因 microbiology and pathogenesis of klebsiella pneumoniae infection
4. 結核の自然史、微生物学、および病因 natural history microbiology and pathogenesis of tuberculosis
5. 結核の免疫学 immunology of tuberculosis

Single-tube real-time PCR assay for differentiation of Ixodes affinis and Ixodes scapularis.

Wright CL, Hynes WL, White BT, Marshall MN, Gaff HD, Gauthier DT.SourceOld Dominion University, Department of Biological Sciences, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
Ticks and tick-borne diseases.Ticks Tick Borne Dis.2013 Nov 2. pii: S1877-959X(13)00087-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.08.003. [Epub ahead of print]
Ixodes affinis Neumann (1899) and Ixodes scapularis Say (1821) are tick vectors of the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. Ixodes affinis and I. scapularis are morphologically very similar, and as they are sympatric in the mid- and south-Atlantic U.S. coastal states,
PMID 24192510

Pneumocystis jirovecii haplotypes at the internal transcribed spacers of the rRNA operon in French HIV-negative patients with diverse clinical presentations of Pneumocystis infections.

Le Gal S, Rouille A, Gueguen P, Virmaux M, Berthou C, Guillerm G, Couturaud F, Le Meur Y, Damiani C, Totet A, Nevez G.Source* University of Brest , LUBEM EA 3882, Brest.
Medical mycology : official publication of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.Med Mycol.2013 Nov;51(8):851-62. doi: 10.3109/13693786.2013.824123. Epub 2013 Aug 22.
Abstract Pneumocystis jirovecii, a transmissible fungus, is the causative agent of pulmonary infections. Its genomic diversity has appeared in reports from around the world but data on P. jirovecii genotypes in France are still limited. This study describes the typing of P. jirovecii isolates from 8
PMID 23964829

Multiple rRNA operons are essential for efficient cell growth and sporulation as well as outgrowth in Bacillus subtilis.

Yano K, Wada T, Suzuki S, Tagami K, Matsumoto T, Shiwa Y, Ishige T, Kawaguchi Y, Masuda K, Akanuma G, Nanamiya H, Niki H, Yoshikawa H, Kawamura F.SourceDepartment of Life Science and Research Center for Life Science, College of Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku Nishi-ikebukuro 3-34-1, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
Microbiology (Reading, England).Microbiology.2013 Nov;159(Pt 11):2225-36. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.067025-0. Epub 2013 Aug 22.
The number of copies of rRNA (rrn) operons in a bacterial genome differs greatly among bacterial species. Here we examined the phenotypic effects of variations in the number of copies of rRNA genes in the genome of Bacillus subtilis by analysis of eight mutant strains constructed to carry from two t
PMID 23970567

Intragenomic variation in the internal transcribed spacer regions between 16S-23S rRNA genes among the three copies of Sinorhizobium fredii strains(Soil Biology)

SAEKI Yuichi,OGURO Hiroko,AKAGI Isao,YAMAKAWA Takeo,YAMAMOTO Akihiro
Soil science and plant nutrition 55(5), 627-633, 2009-10
… The soybean-nodulating Sinorhizobium fredii strain has been reported to possess three copies of rRNA gene operons. …
NAID 110007502755

Construction of plasmids for gene disruption of two chromosomal rrn operons in Haloarcula japonica strain TR-1

前田豊,冨永大輔,植木俊一,仲宗根薫
近畿大学工学部研究報告 40, 9-12, 2006-12-20
… Two plasmids derived from halophile-specific plasmid pWL102 with upstream and downstream region of rrn operons, were constructed, in order to disrupt rrn operons, rrnA and rrnB on chromosomes in extremely halophilic archaeon Haloarcula japonica strain TR-1. … One of these plasmids, pDT2, for disruption of rrnA operon, is derived from DNA fragments of upstream (676 bp) downstream region (1, 072 bp) linked with the 27 bp of synthetic linker. …
NAID 110006424794

Precise characterization of rDNA genes by intraspecies and inter-loci comparison of rDNA sequences and biochemical analysis of ribosomal RNA molecules in Agrobacterium tumefaciens

BAUTISTA-ZAPANTA J-ney,YOSHIDA Kazuo,SUZUKI Katsunori
Genes & genetic systems 80(1), 9-17, 2005-02-01
… Annotation of rRNA genes has been incomplete in Agrobacterium species although a number of Agrobacterial rDNA fragments have been sequenced. … In this study, precise characterization of rRNA operons (rrn) was carried out in two biovar 1 strains, C58 and MAFF301001. … Complete DNA sequencing of four rrns in MAFF301001 indicated that each operon codes for 16S, 23S and 5S rRNA as well as three tRNAs, trnIle, trnAla and trnMet. …
NAID 130000062138