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the outer reddish part of the lenticular nucleus

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出血,(特に)大量出血 / 多量に出血する

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1. 妊娠していない生殖可能年齢の女性における不正子宮出血に対するアプローチ approach to abnormal uterine bleeding in nonpregnant reproductive age women
2. 小児における上部消化管出血に対するアプローチ approach to upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children
3. 成人における急性下部消化管出血に対するアプローチ approach to acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding in adults
4. 出血症状を有する小児に対するアプローチ approach to the child with bleeding symptoms
5. 出血性消化性潰瘍の治療の概要 overview of the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers

English Journal

Stress-Induced Upregulation of SLC19A3 is Impaired in Biotin-Thiamine-Responsive Basal Ganglia Disease.

Schänzer A1, Döring B, Ondrouschek M, Goos S, Garvalov BK, Geyer J, Acker T, Neubauer B, Hahn A.Author information 1Institute of Neuropathology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.AbstractBiotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD) is a potentially treatable disorder caused by mutations in the SLC19A3 gene, encoding the human thiamine transporter 2. Manifestation of BTBGD as acute encephalopathy triggered by a febrile infection has been frequently reported, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. We investigated a family with two brothers being compound heterozygous for the SLC19A3 mutations p.W94R and p.Q393*fs. Post-mortem analysis of the brain of one brother showed a mixture of acute, subacute and chronic changes with cystic and necrotic lesions and hemorrhage in the putamen, and hemorrhagic lesions in the caudate nucleus and cortical layers. SLC19A3 expression was substantially reduced in the cortex, basal ganglia and cerebellum compared with an age-matched control. Importantly, exposure of fibroblasts to stress factors such as acidosis or hypoxia markedly upregulated SLC19A3 in control cells, but failed to elevate SLC19A3 expression in the patient's fibroblasts. These results demonstrate ubiquitously reduced thiamine transporter function in the cerebral gray matter, and neuropathological alterations similar to Wernicke's disease in BTBGD. They also suggest that episodes of encephalopathy are caused by a substantially reduced capacity of mutant neuronal cells to increase SLC19A3 expression, necessary to adapt to stress conditions.
Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland).Brain Pathol.2014 Apr;24(3):270-9. doi: 10.1111/bpa.12117. Epub 2014 Jan 29.
Biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD) is a potentially treatable disorder caused by mutations in the SLC19A3 gene, encoding the human thiamine transporter 2. Manifestation of BTBGD as acute encephalopathy triggered by a febrile infection has been frequently reported, but the under
PMID 24372704

Plasma brain natriuretic peptide is elevated in the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Shibazaki K1, Kimura K2, Sakai K2, Aoki J2, Sakamoto Y2.Author information 1Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki City, Okayama 701-0192, Japan. Electronic address: shibaken@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp.2Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki City, Okayama 701-0192, Japan.AbstractPrevious reports have shown that plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are increased in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and ischemic stroke. We examined BNP in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Between June 2006 and February 2010, we prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with acute ICH within 24 hours of onset. The plasma BNP level was measured twice, on admission and 4 weeks after onset or at discharge. We investigated whether plasma BNP was elevated in the acute phase of ICH and associated factors. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) plasma BNP level of all patients was 71.1 ± 104.1 pg/mL. The log BNP level positively correlated with the cardio-thoracic ratio (r=0.240, p=0.0001). Moreover, BNP was significantly associated with intraventricular extension (p=0.0039) and hydrocephalus (p=0.0046). The mean ± SD BNP level of patients with cerebellar hemorrhage was the highest (130.2 ± 152.0 pg/mL), followed by brainstem (84.5 ± 170.6 pg/mL), lobar (72.4 ± 148.1 pg/mL), thalamus (64.8 ± 72.1 pg/mL), and putamen (59.9 ± 62.6 pg/mL) hemorrhages. In 185 patients, BNP was measured in the subacute phase of ICH. The BNP level in the acute phase of ICH was significantly higher than that in the subacute phase of ICH (69.3 ± 108.1 versus 21.7 ± 23.5 pg/mL, p<0.0001). In conclusion, plasma BNP appears to be elevated in the acute phase of ICH, particularly in those with cerebellar lesions.
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia.J Clin Neurosci.2014 Feb;21(2):221-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.02.035. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
Previous reports have shown that plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are increased in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and ischemic stroke. We examined BNP in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Between June 2006 and February 2010, we prospectively enrolled consecutive patie
PMID 24035424

[Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome associated with stroke: three case reports].

Ishi Y1, Sugiyama T, Echizenya S, Yokoyama Y, Asaoka K, Itamoto K.Author information 1Department of Neurosurgery, Teine Keijinkai Hospital.AbstractReversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome(RCVS)is characterized by severe headache and diffuse segmental constriction of cerebral arteries that resolves spontaneously within a few months. Although manifestations of stroke are not included in diagnostic criteria of RCVS, it is known that some cases may be associated with stroke, including intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or cerebral infarction. We present three cases of RCVS associated with various types of stroke, and then review the literature. Case 1:A 49-year-old woman presented with a headache followed by left hemiparesis and dysarthria. One month before the onset, she was transfused for severe anemia caused by uterus myoma. CT images revealed intracerebral hemorrhages in the right putamen and right occipital lobe. Angiography revealed multiple segmental constrictions of the cerebral arteries. One month after the onset, these vasoconstrictions improved spontaneously. Case 2:A postpartum 38-year-old woman who had a history of migraine presented with thunderclap headache. Imaging revealed a focal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the right postcentral sulcus and segmental vasoconstriction of the right middle cerebral artery. One week after the onset, this vasoconstriction improved spontaneously. Case 3:A 32-year-old woman who had a history of migraine presented with headache followed by left homonymous hemianopsia. Imaging revealed a cerebral infarction of the right occipital lobe and multiple constrictions of the right posterior cerebral artery. These vasoconstrictions gradually improved spontaneously.
No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery.No Shinkei Geka.2014 Feb;42(2):129-36.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome(RCVS)is characterized by severe headache and diffuse segmental constriction of cerebral arteries that resolves spontaneously within a few months. Although manifestations of stroke are not included in diagnostic criteria of RCVS, it is known that some cas
PMID 24501186

Japanese Journal

急性期脳出血における摂食・嚥下障害の検討

前島伸一郎,大沢愛子,棚橋紀夫
The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 50(4), 290-297, 2013
急性期脳出血における摂食・嚥下障害の頻度や，出血部位，血腫量との関連について検討した．対象は急性期脳出血447 名で，出血部位は被殻183 名，視床119 名，小脳30 名，脳幹25 名，皮質下90 名であった．初回ベッドサイド嚥下機能評価（BSA）として，反復唾液嚥下テストと改訂水飲みテストを施行し，嚥下障害を疑う129 名には嚥下造影検査を施行した．その結果，初回BSAにおいて447 名中28 …
NAID 130003368050