精神力動的精神療法
WordNet
- the treatment of mental or emotional problems by psychological means
- the branch of psychiatry concerned with psychological methods (同)psychotherapeutics, mental_hygiene
- the interrelation of conscious and unconscious processes and emotions that determine personality and motivation
- the branch of social psychology that deals with the processes and emotions that determine psychology and motivation
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- 精神催眠療法,心理療法
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/08/31 17:12:54」(JST)
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Psychodynamic psychotherapy is a form of depth psychology, the primary focus of which is to reveal the unconscious content of a client's psyche in an effort to alleviate psychic tension.[1] In this way, it is similar to psychoanalysis. It also relies on the interpersonal relationship between client and therapist more than other forms of depth psychology. In terms of approach, this form of therapy uses psychoanalysis adapted to a less intensive style of working, usually at a frequency of once or twice per week. Principal theorists drawn upon are Freud, Klein and theorists of the object relations movement, eg. Winnicott, Guntrip, and Bion. Some psychodynamic therapists also draw on Jung. It is a focus that has been used in individual psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, family therapy, and to understand and work with institutional and organizational contexts.[citation needed]
Contents
- 1 History
- 2 Approaches
- 3 Core Principles and Characteristics
- 4 See also
- 5 References
History[edit source | edit]
The principles of psychodynamics were first introduced in the 1874 publication Lectures on Physiology by German scientist Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke. Brücke, taking a cue from thermodynamics, suggested all living organisms are energy systems, governed by the principle of energy conservation. During the same year, Brücke was supervisor to first-year medical student Sigmund Freud at the University of Vienna. Freud later adopted this new construct of “dynamic” physiology to aid in his own conceptualization of the human psyche. Later, both the concept and application of psychodynamics was further developed by the likes of Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, Otto Rank, and Melanie Klein.[2]
Approaches[edit source | edit]
Most psychodynamic approaches are centered around the concept that some maladaptive functioning is in play, and that this maladaption is, at least in part, unconscious. The presumed maladaption develops early in life and eventually causes difficulties in day to day life. Psychodynamic therapies focus on revealing and resolving these unconscious conflicts that are driving their symptoms. Major techniques used by psychodynamic therapists include free association, recognizing resistance and transference, working through painful memories and difficult issues, and building a strong therapeutic alliance. As in some psychoanalytic approaches, the therapeutic relationship is seen as a key means to understanding and working through the relational difficulties which the client has suffered in life.
Core Principles and Characteristics[edit source | edit]
Although psychodynamic psychotherapy can take many forms, commonalities include:[3]
- An emphasis on the centrality of intrapsychic and unconscious conflicts, and their relation to development.
- Seeing defenses as developing in internal psychic structures in order to avoid unpleasant consequences of conflict.
- A belief that psychopathology develops especially from early childhood experiences.
- A view that internal representations of experiences are organized around interpersonal relations.
- A conviction that life issues and dynamics will re-emerge in the context of the client-therapist relationship as transference and counter-transference.
- Use of free association as a major method for exploration of internal conflicts and problems.
- Focusing on interpretations of transference, defense mechanisms, and current symptoms and the working through of these present problems.
- Trust in insight as critically important for success in therapy.
See also[edit source | edit]
- Models of abnormality
- Anna Freud
References[edit source | edit]
- ^ psychodynamic psychotherapy - guidetopsychology.com
- ^ Horacio Etchegoyen: The Fundamentals of Psychoanalytic Technique, Karnac Books ed., New Ed, 2005, ISBN 1-85575-455-X
- ^ Sundberg, Norman (2001). Clinical Psychology: Evolving Theory, Practice, and Research. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-087119-2.
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Psychotherapy
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| Schools |
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Psychodynamic
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Psychoanalysis · Adlerian therapy · Analytical therapy
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Cognitive and
behavioral
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Behavior therapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy (Cognitive therapy · Dialectical behavior therapy · Rational emotive behavior therapy; Combined with Applied behavior analysis (Clinical behavior analysis or CBA): Functional analytic psychotherapy · Acceptance and commitment therapy)
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Humanistic
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Person-centered therapy · Existential therapy · Gestalt therapy · Logotherapy
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Other
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Art therapy · Narrative therapy · Play therapy · Reality therapy · Systemic therapy · Transactional analysis · More…
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| Approaches |
Brief psychotherapy · Counseling · Nondirective therapy · Residential treatment
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| Techniques |
Behavior therapy · Aversion therapy · Applied behavior analysis (ABA) (formerly Behavior modification) · Desensitization
Other individual therapy: Autogenic training · Biofeedback · Sleep phase chronotherapy · Exposure therapy · Free association · Hypnotherapy
Group psychotherapy: Family therapy · Psychodrama · Sensitivity training · Relationship counseling
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| People |
Aaron T. Beck · Albert Ellis · Alfred Adler · B. F. Skinner · Carl Gustav Jung · Carl Rogers · Erik H. Erikson · Fritz Perls · Jacques Lacan · Irvin Yalom · Joseph Wolpe · Karen Horney · Martin Seligman · Melanie Klein · Milton H. Erickson · Paul Watzlawick · R. D. Laing · Rollo May · Salvador Minuchin · Sigmund Freud · Viktor Frankl · Virginia Axline · Virginia Satir
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dsrd (o, p, m, p, a, d, s), sysi/epon, spvo
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proc (eval/thrp), drug (N5A/5B/5C/6A/6B/6D)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- How I Have Changed Over Time as a Psychotherapist.
- Messer SB1.
- Journal of clinical psychology.J Clin Psychol.2015 Nov;71(11):1104-14. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22220. Epub 2015 Sep 11.
- Reflecting on my career as a psychotherapist has led me to consider 3 major areas that have affected the way I practice, namely, assimilative integration, the visions of reality, and brief psychodynamic therapy. Although starting out as a traditional psychoanalytic therapist, I became more integrati
- PMID 26361285
- The Spectrum of Psychoanalytic Therapies: For the Person Behind the Diagnosis.
- Clemens NA1.
- Journal of psychiatric practice.J Psychiatr Pract.2015 Nov;21(6):442-4. doi: 10.1097/PRA.0000000000000110.
- Therapies based on psychoanalytic theory and practice are individualized to the unique needs of each patient. They are best viewed on a continuum, a spectrum of approaches that are modulated according to the difficulties and the character structure of each person as they manifest themselves at that
- PMID 26554327
- [Trauma-focused psychotherapy : Technique, area of application, and treatment outcome].
- Steuwe C1, Driessen M2, Beblo T2.
- Der Nervenarzt.Nervenarzt.2015 Nov;86(11):1427-37. doi: 10.1007/s00115-015-4360-3.
- Traumatic events may lead to trauma-related disorders such as the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and constraints in quality of life. Meanwhile, there are different trauma-focused psychotherapies that aim to prevent PTSD shortly after experiencing a traumatic event and interventions that aim to
- PMID 26542157
Japanese Journal
- 精神分析的心理療法の初期プロセスで"書き言葉を持ち込むこと" : その力動的理解と取扱い
- 力動精神療法に認知的視点を組み込む : メンタライゼーションに基づく治療
- 池田 暁史
- 精神神經學雜誌 = Psychiatria et neurologia Japonica 113(11), 1095-1101, 2011-11-25
- NAID 10030968881
- チーム医療におけるミーティングの重要性について (特集 精神科チーム医療の今,そしてこれから)
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- psychodynamic psychotherapy
- 関
- 力動的精神療法
- フロイドが創始。
- 無意識の中に抑制された欲動が精神症状として出現すると仮定し、自由連想法を用いてその葛藤を明らかにすることで症状を改善しようとするもの。
- 精神症圏内の疾患、パーソナリティー障害に適応となる。
[★]
- 関
- psychodynamically