WordNet

constitute reasonable evidence for; "A restaurant bill presumes the consumption of food"
take liberties or act with too much confidence
visible; "be sure of it; give me the ocular proof"- Shakespeare; "a visual presentation"; "a visual image" (同)visual
of or relating to or resembling the eye; "ocular muscles"; "an ocular organ"; "ocular diseases"; "the optic (or optical) axis of the eye"; "an ocular spot is a pigmented organ or part believed to be sensitive to light" (同)optic, optical, opthalmic
relating to or using sight; "ocular inspection"; "an optical illusion"; "visual powers"; "visual navigation" (同)optic, optical, visual
a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
a complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings"

PrepTutorEJDIC

…‘を'推定する,仮定する / 《『presume to』 do》『思い切って』『する』,大胆(生意気)にも…する(dare) / 思いあがった(生意気な,大胆な)ことをする / (…に)つけ入る,つけ込む,甘える《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》
《文》目の / 《まれ》視覚の,目で見た / (顕微鏡・望遠鏡などの)接眼レンズ,接眼鏡
(疾患の徴候となる一群の)症徴候,症候群 / (事件・社会的状態などのパターンを示す)徴候形態

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/07/10 14:38:10」(JST)

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Retinal photograph of ocular histoplasmosis

Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) is a syndrome affecting the eye, which is characterized by peripheral atrophic chorioretinal scars, atrophy or scarring adjacent to the optic disc and maculopathy.

The loss of vision in POHS is caused by choroidal neovascularization.

Causes

It is thought to be caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, but the fungus has rarely been isolated from cases with POHS.

The word "presumed" is also emphasized because the condition has also been found in locations where histoplasmosis is rare.^[1]

Presentation

The diagnosis of POHS is based on the clinical triad of multiple white, atrophic choroidal scars, peripapillary pigment changes (dark spots around optic disc of the eye), and a maculopathy caused by choroidal neovascularization.

Diagnosis

Fluorescein angiography is usually performed for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with POHS.

Treatment

Treatment requires careful consideration of angiographic findings when a choroidal neovascular membrane is suspected which is a condition that responds to treatment. A vitreo-retinal specialist (an ophthalmologist specialized in treatment of retinal diseases) should be consulted for proper management of the case.

Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have been successfully treated with laser, anti-vascular endothelial growth factors and photodynamic therapy. Ophthalmologists are using anti-vascular endothelial growth factors to treat AMD and similar conditions since research indicates that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the causes for the growth of the abnormal vessels that cause these conditions.

References

^ Stefan Dithmar; Frank Gerhard Holz (28 April 2008). Fluorescence Angiography in Ophthalmology. Springer. pp. 168–. ISBN 978-3-540-78359-6. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
^ Ehrlich R, Ciulla TA, Maturi R, et al. (2009). "Intravitreal bevacizumab for choroidal neovascularization secondary to presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome". Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) 29 (10): 1418–23. doi:10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181babdf1. PMID 19898179.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 肺ヒストプラスマ症の診断および治療 diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary histoplasmosis
2. 播種性ヒストプラスマ症の病因および臨床症状 pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of disseminated histoplasmosis
3. 肺ヒストプラスマ症の病因および臨床的特徴 pathogenesis and clinical features of pulmonary histoplasmosis
4. 非HIV感染患者における播種性ヒストプラスマ症の診断および治療 diagnosis and treatment of disseminated histoplasmosis in non hiv infected patients
5. HIV感染患者におけるヒストプラスマ症の疫学および臨床症状 epidemiology and clinical manifestations of histoplasmosis in hiv infected patients

English Journal

Intravitreal ranibizumab in the treatment of subretinal neovascularization in a case of punctate inner choroidopathy.

Jiménez B1, Pinilla I2, Cristóbal JA2, Mínguez E2, Pérez D2, Cruz N2, Peiro C2.Author information 1Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España. Electronic address: bea83jdm@hotmail.com.2Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, España.AbstractCASE REPORT: We report the case of a 28-year old woman suffering loss of visual acuity in her left eye, who presented an image suggestive of a subretinal neovascular membrane in her left eye, and bilateral retinal lesions compatible with punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC). She was treated with intravitreal ranibizumab obtaining excellent results.
Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia.Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol.2014 Mar;89(3):130-132. doi: 10.1016/j.oftal.2012.11.008. Epub 2012 Dec 28.
CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 28-year old woman suffering loss of visual acuity in her left eye, who presented an image suggestive of a subretinal neovascular membrane in her left eye, and bilateral retinal lesions compatible with punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC). She was treated with intra
PMID 24269388

Imaging characteristics of neovascular pigment epithelial detachments and their response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Punjabi OS1, Huang J, Rodriguez L, Lyon AT, Jampol LM, Mirza RG.Author information 1Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.AbstractPURPOSE: To evaluate the imaging characteristics of macular neovascular pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) and their response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy.
The British journal of ophthalmology.Br J Ophthalmol.2013 Aug;97(8):1024-31. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303155. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the imaging characteristics of macular neovascular pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) and their response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy.METHODS: Patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculop
PMID 23759437

Indocyanine green angiography in posterior uveitis.

Agrawal RV1, Biswas J, Gunasekaran D.Author information 1Department of Ophthalmology, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.AbstractLiterature review for indocyanine green angiography and evaluate the role of indocyanine green angiogram (ICGA) in patients with posterior uveitis seen at a tertiary referral eye care centre. Detailed review of the literature on ICGA was performed. Retrospective review of medical records of patients with posterior uveitis and dual fundus and ICGA was done after institutional board approval. Eighteen patients (26 eyes) had serpiginous choroiditis out of which 12 patients had active choroiditis and six patients had healed choroiditis, six patients (12 eyes) had ampiginous choroiditis, six patients (12 eyes) had acute multifocal posterior placoid pigment epitheliopathy, eight patients (10 eyes) had multifocal choroiditis, four patients (eight eyes) had presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome, four patients (eight eyes) had presumed tuberculous choroiditis, two patients (four eyes) had multiple evanescent white dot syndrome and two patients (four eyes) had Vogt Koyanagi Harada (VKH) syndrome. The most characteristic feature noted on ICGA was the presence of different patterns of hypofluorescent dark spots, which were present at different stages of the angiogram. ICGA provides the clinician with a powerful adjunctive tool in choroidal inflammatory disorders. It is not meant to replace already proven modalities such as the fluorescein angiography, but it can provide additional information that is useful in establishing a more definitive diagnosis in inflammatory chorioretinal diseases associated with multiple spots. It still needs to be determined if ICGA can prove to be a follow up parameter to evaluate disease progression.
Indian journal of ophthalmology.Indian J Ophthalmol.2013 Apr;61(4):148-59. doi: 10.4103/0301-4738.112159.
Literature review for indocyanine green angiography and evaluate the role of indocyanine green angiogram (ICGA) in patients with posterior uveitis seen at a tertiary referral eye care centre. Detailed review of the literature on ICGA was performed. Retrospective review of medical records of patients
PMID 23685486