'Do Not Privatize the Giant's Shoulders': Rethinking Patents in Plant Breeding.
Bjørnstad Å1.
Trends in biotechnology.Trends Biotechnol.2016 Mar 22. pii: S0167-7799(16)00041-X. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.02.007. [Epub ahead of print]
Intellectual property rights (IPRs) have increasing impacts on plant breeding. Not only varieties but also germplasm and technologies are protected. Intellectual property has also affected corporate concentration in the seed supply chain. While not very controversial in the USA, it is increasingly c
Bioethics.Bioethics.2016 Feb 1. doi: 10.1111/bioe.12251. [Epub ahead of print]
Opponents to genetic or biomedical human enhancement often claim that the availability of these technologies would have negative consequences for those who either choose not to utilize these resources or lack access to them. However, Thomas Douglas has argued that this objection has no force against
Paralympism, Paralympic values and disability sport: a conceptual and ethical critique.
McNamee MJ1.
Disability and rehabilitation.Disabil Rehabil.2016 Jan 8:1-9. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: This paper explores the conceptual content of Paralympism. It exists by exploring the nascent normative framework that the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) has begun to construct around its constituent sports. The IPC sets out four values: Courage, Determination, Inspiration and Equ