WordNet

cause emotional anguish or make miserable; "It pains me to see my children not being taught well in school" (同)anguish, hurt
a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder; "the patient developed severe pain and distension" (同)hurting
a bothersome annoying person; "that kid is a terrible pain" (同)pain in the neck, nuisance
a somatic sensation of acute discomfort; "as the intensity increased the sensation changed from tickle to pain" (同)pain_sensation, painful sensation
emotional distress; a fundamental feeling that people try to avoid; "the pain of loneliness" (同)painfulness
happening or done after a surgical operation; "postoperative complications"; "postoperative care"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉〈U〉(肉体のある部分の)『苦痛』,『痛み』 / 〈U〉(精神的な)『苦痛』,心痛 / 《複数形で》骨折り,苦労,努力 / 〈C〉不快感,いやな感じ;うんざりさせるもの,やっかい者 / (肉体的・精神的に)…‘に'苦痛を与える(受動態にできない)
外科手術後の
《補語にのみ用いて》腹を立てて / 《補語にのみ用いて》(心が)鐘ついて / 不愉快な,気まずい
とうちゃん(papa)

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A randomized multicenter study of minilaparotomy cholecystectomy versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy with ultrasonic dissection in both groups.

Aspinen S1, Harju J2, Kinnunen M1, Juvonen P1, Kokki H3, Eskelinen M1.
Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology.Scand J Gastroenterol.2016 Mar;51(3):354-9. doi: 10.3109/00365521.2015.1091496. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
OBJECTIVE: Ultrasonic dissection (UsD) has been used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), though it is not the golden standard technique. Applying UsD to cholecystectomy by minilaparotomy (MC) is less common and there are no prospective randomized trials comparing these two techniques. Therefore, w
PMID 26414236

Bowyer AJ1, Royse CF1,2.
Anaesthesia.Anaesthesia.2016 Jan;71 Suppl 1:72-7. doi: 10.1111/anae.13312.
Recovery is an abstract quantity the definition of which varies according to the pre-dilection of individual institutions, clinicians or patients. While traditionally focused on immediate postoperative restitution of function and readiness for discharge, recovery assessment has progressively expande
PMID 26620150

Reddi D1.
Anaesthesia.Anaesthesia.2016 Jan;71 Suppl 1:64-71. doi: 10.1111/anae.13306.
Chronic postoperative pain is common. Nerve injury and inflammation promote chronic pain, the risk of which is influenced by patient factors, including psychological characteristics. Interventional trials to prevent chronic postoperative pain have been underpowered with inadequate patient follow-up.
PMID 26620149