posterior drawer test

後方引き出しテスト

WordNet

1. write a legal document or paper; "The deed was drawn in the lawyers office"
2. cause to localize at one point; "Draw blood and pus"
3. flatten, stretch, or mold metal or glass, by rolling or by pulling it through a die or by stretching; "draw steel"
4. steep; pass through a strainer; "draw pulp from the fruit"
5. (American football) the quarterback moves back as if to pass and then hands the ball to the fullback who is running toward the line of scrimmage (同)draw play
6. poker in which a player can discard cards and receive substitutes from the dealer; "he played only draw and stud" (同)draw poker
7. the act of drawing or hauling something; "the haul up the hill went very slowly" (同)haul, haulage
8. anything (straws or pebbles etc.) taken or chosen at random; "the luck of the draw"; "they drew lots for it" (同)lot
9. a playing card or cards dealt or taken from the pack; "he got a pair of kings in the draw"
10. the finish of a contest in which the score is tied and the winner is undecided; "the game ended in a draw"; "their record was 3 wins, 6 losses and a tie" (同)standoff, tie
11. a gully that is shallower than a ravine
12. choose at random; "draw a card"; "cast lots" (同)cast
13. earn or achieve a base by being walked by the pitcher; "He drew a base on balls" (同)get
14. make, formulate, or derive in the mind; "I draw a line here"; "draw a conclusion"; "draw parallels"; "make an estimate"; "What do you make of his remarks?" (同)make
15. bring, take, or pull out of a container or from under a cover; "draw a weapon"; "pull out a gun"; "The mugger pulled a knife on his victim" (同)pull, pull_out, get_out, take_out
16. pull (a person) apart with four horses tied to his extremities, so as to execute him; "in the old days, people were drawn and quartered for certain crimes" (同)quarter, draw and quarter
17. take liquid out of a container or well; "She drew water from the barrel" (同)take_out
18. allow a draft; "This chimney draws very well"
19. bring or lead someone to a certain action or condition; "She was drawn to despair"; "The President refused to be drawn into delivering an ultimatum"; "The session was drawn to a close"
20. cause to flow; "The nurse drew blood"
21. contract; "The material drew after it was washed in hot water"
22. elicit responses, such as objections, criticism, applause, etc.; "The Presidents comments drew sharp criticism from the Republicans"; "The comedian drew a lot of laughter"
23. engage in drawing; "He spent the day drawing in the garden"
24. move or go steadily or gradually; "The ship drew near the shore"
25. move or pull so as to cover or uncover something; "draw the shades"; "draw the curtains"
26. reduce the diameter of (a wire or metal rod) by pulling it through a die; "draw wire"
27. represent by making a drawing of, as with a pencil, chalk, etc. on a surface; "She drew an elephant"; "Draw me a horse"
28. require a specified depth for floating; "This boat draws 70 inches"
29. select or take in from a given group or region; "The participants in the experiment were drawn from a representative population"
30. undergo a test; "She doesnt test well"
31. any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students" (同)mental test, mental testing, psychometric test
32. the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" (同)trial
33. the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" (同)trial, run
34. a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
35. put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" (同)prove, try, try out, examine, essay
36. achieve a certain score or rating on a test; "She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools"
37. determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
38. show a certain characteristic when tested; "He tested positive for HIV"
39. an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
40. the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"
41. located at or near or behind a part or near the end of a structure
42. a boxlike container in a piece of furniture; made so as to slide in and out
43. the person who writes a check or draft instructing the drawee to pay someone else

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. …‘を'『引く』,引っぱる / 《副詞[句]を伴って》…‘を'『引いて』(ある状態に)『する』 / (…から)…‘を'『引き抜く』,取り出す《+『名』+『from』(『out of』)+『名』》 / (…から)〈液体など〉‘を'『くみ出す』,くみ上げる《+『名』+『from』+『名』》 / (…から)…‘を'得る,引き出す《+『名』+『from』+『名』》 / 〈事〉‘を'招く,もたらす / 〈人〉‘を'引きつける,引き寄せる / 〈絵・図〉‘を'『線で描く』,〈線〉‘を'引く / …‘を'描写する,述べる / 〈文書〉‘を'書く,作成する;〈小切手〉‘を'振り出す / 〈息〉‘を'吸い込む;〈ため息〉‘を'つく / …‘を'引き伸ばす,いっぱいに張る / 〈くじなど〉‘を'引く,引き当てる / 〈勝負など〉‘を'引き分ける / 喫水が…‘だけ'ある / 《副詞[句]を伴って》『動く』,『近づく』,行く / (…に向けて)剣(ピストル)を抜く《+『on』+『名』》 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》人を引き付ける / 《副詞[句]を伴って》『線で書く』 / くじを引く / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈水が〉はける,〈パイプ・煙突などが〉通る / (勝負などが)引き分けになる / 〈茶などが〉出る / 〈船が〉喫水する / 引くこと,抜くこと,(たばこなどの)一吸い,一服 / (人を)引きつけるもの,呼び物,人気者 / くじ引き,抽せん(lot) / 引き分け,無勝負
2. (人の能力などの)『試験』,考査,テスト / (物事の)『試験』,検済,試錬,実験《+of+名》 / 化学分析;試薬 / =test match / …‘を'『試験する』,検査する / …‘を'化学分析する / (…の)試験を受ける,試験をする《+for+名》
3. 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(生物学的に,位置が)後ろの,後部の / (時間・順序が)後の;(…より)後の《+『to』+『名』》(later) / しり(buttocks)
4. 〈C〉『引き出し』 / 〈C〉引っ張る人 / 《複数形で》ズロース

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/05 16:07:48」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Drawer test
Diagnostics
ICD-10-PCS	GroupMajor.minor

The drawer test is used in the initial clinical assessment of suspected rupture of the cruciate ligaments in the knee. The patient should be supine with the hips flexed to 45 degrees, the knees flexed to 90 degrees and the feet flat on table. The examiner positions himself by sitting on the examination table in front of the involved knee and grasping the tibia just below the joint line of the knee. The thumbs are placed along the joint line on either side of the patellar tendon. The index fingers are used to palpate the hamstring tendons to ensure that they are relaxed as contracted hamstring muscles may inhibit forward movement of the tibia, even when the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is deficient, thus producing a 'false negative' result. The tibia is then drawn forward anteriorly. An increased amount of anterior tibial translation compared with the opposite limb or lack of a firm end-point may indicate either a sprain of the anteromedial bundle or complete tear of the ACL. If the tibia pulls forward or backward more than normal, the test is considered positive. Excessive displacement of the tibia anteriorly suggests that the ACL is injured, whereas excessive posterior displacement of the tibia may indicate injury of the posterior cruciate ligament.

See also

• Anterior cruciate ligament injury
• Posterior cruciate ligament injury
• Lachman test

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 急性の膝の疼痛または損傷がみられる若年運動選手に対するアプローチ approach to the young athlete with acute knee pain or injury
• 2. 活動的な成人における膝痛の評価 evaluation of the active adult patient with knee pain
• 3. 若年アスリートにおける急性膝関節痛および傷害の外傷性原因 traumatic causes of acute knee pain and injury in the young athlete
• 4. 前十字靱帯損傷 anterior cruciate ligament injury
• 5. 全人工膝関節置換術 total knee arthroplasty

English Journal

• Biomechanical Analysis of Simulated Clinical Testing and Reconstruction of the Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee.

• Spencer L1, Burkhart TA2, Tran MN1, Rezansoff AJ1, Deo S1, Caterine S3, Getgood AM4.
• The American journal of sports medicine.Am J Sports Med.2015 Jun 19. pii: 0363546515589166. [Epub ahead of print]
• BACKGROUND: Anatomic anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction has been proposed to assist anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in controlling anterolateral rotational laxity of the knee. However, the biomechanical effects have not been reported.PURPOSE: (1) To investigate the effect of
• PMID 26093007

• A dynamic multibody model of the physiological knee to predict internal loads during movement in gravitational field.

• Bersini S1, Sansone V, Frigo CA.
• Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering.Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin.2015 Jun 9:1-9. [Epub ahead of print]
• Obtaining tibio-femoral (TF) contact forces, ligament deformations and loads during daily life motor tasks would be useful to better understand the aetiopathogenesis of knee joint diseases or the effects of ligament reconstruction and knee arthroplasty. However, methods to obtain this information ar
• PMID 26057607

• Computational modelling of mobile bearing TKA anterior-posterior dislocation.

• Müller JH1, Zakaria T, van der Merwe W, D'Angelo F.
• Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering.Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin.2015 Jun 5:1-14. [Epub ahead of print]
• Anterior-posterior stability in an unconstrained mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and one with rotational constraints is compared in a computational model based on an ASTM test. Both TKA designs dislocate at loads greater than reported maximum in vivo forces. The posterior drawer forces
• PMID 26047039

Japanese Journal

• Orthopaedic Physical Examination Assisting System for Improvement of Accuracy and Reproducibility of Knee Laxity Diagnosis

• OKAMOTO Jun,KUMASAKA Yu,KAWAMURA Kazuya,MATSUMOTO Tomoyuki,KUBO Seiji,MURATSU Hirotsugu,KUROSAKA Masahiro,FUJIE Masakatsu G.
• Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing 5(4), 358-371, 2011
• … To evaluate the effectiveness of the system, the posterior drawer test with the system was done by 5 young healthy people. …
• NAID 130001293351

• 関節動揺性診断の正確性・再現性向上を目的とした徒手検査支援システムの開発

• 岡本 淳,熊坂 悠,川村 和也,松本 知之,久保 晴司,村津 裕嗣,黒坂 昌弘,藤江 正克
• 日本機械学会論文集Ｃ編 77(773), 138-148, 2011
• … To evaluate the effectiveness of the system, the posterior drawer test with the system was done by 5 young healthy people. …
• NAID 130000873724

Related Links

• Drawer test - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The examiner sits on the patient's feet and grasps the patient's tibia and pulls it forward (anterior drawer test) or backward (posterior drawer test). If the tibia pulls forward or backward more than normal, the test is considered positive. Excessive ...

• Posterior Draw Test - YouTube

15 Nov 2006 ... Neer's Signby WIFamilyMedicine113853 views · PCL PLC preoperative evaluation Posterior Drawer Dial test Dr.Bancha chernchujit.wmv 1:10. Add to. PCL PLC preoperative evaluation Posterior Drawer Dial test Dr.Bancha ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「テスト」「膝関節」「後方引き出しテスト」
関連記事	「draw」「testing」「posterior」「test」

「テスト」

　　[★]

関

徴候

• Perthes test ペルテステスト：深部静脈の開通状態を検査する試験。下肢静脈瘤の評価に用いられる。
• Trendelenburg test トレンデレンブルグテスト：下肢静脈瘤における不全静脈弁の局在を知る検査

循環器内科

• Trendelenburg test トレンデレンブルグテスト：大伏在静脈弁不全の有無。下肢静脈瘤の原因検索。仰臥位で下肢を挙上させて表在静脈を虚脱させて大腿上部を圧迫し、そのまま起立させたときに下肢の静脈が拡張すれば、陽性であり大伏在静脈弁不全を示唆。
• Schwartz test シュワルツテスト：表在静脈の弁不全の有無。下肢静脈瘤の原因検索。
• Perthes test ペルテステスト：下腿穿通枝不全の有無。下肢静脈瘤の原因検索。立位で大腿中央部を駆血帯で圧迫し、1分あるいは5分間歩行あるいは屈伸などの下肢の運動をさせて下肢静脈瘤の変化を観察し、当該肢の静脈血流に関与する静脈弁の機能、交通枝の状況などを判定。

整形外科

• Kemp test ケンプテスト：腰椎椎間板ヘルニア：下肢痛がある側への側屈を強制すると下肢痛が誘発される。

• Jackson test：頚椎椎間板ヘルニアにおける頚部神経根症の疼痛誘発
• Spurling test スパーリングテスト：頚椎椎間板ヘルニアにおける頚部神経根症の疼痛誘発

• Lachman test ラックマンテスト：前十字靭帯損傷
• pivot-shift test 軸移動テスト：前十字靭帯損傷
• Sagging test Saggingテスト：後十字靭帯損傷？？？

• 前方引き出しテスト anterior drawer test：前十字靭帯損傷
• 後方引き出しテスト posterior drawer test：後十字靭帯損傷

• valgus stress test 外反ストレステスト：内側側副靭帯損傷
• varus stress test 内反ストレステスト：外側側副靭帯損傷

• apprehension test 脱臼不安感テスト：膝蓋骨亜脱臼

• 大腿神経伸展テスト femoral nerve stretch test FNST：上位腰椎椎間板ヘルニア(L3-L4)
• 下肢伸展挙上テスト straight leg raising test SLRT = Lasegue test ラゼーグ試験：下位腰椎椎間板ヘルニア(L4-L5,L5-S1)

• Romberg test：下半身からの深部感覚が侵されるときに発現。開眼での閉脚起立が可能、閉眼直後の方向不定の転倒

• crossed finger test 指交差テスト：肘部管症候群 SOR.391
• elbow flexion test 肘屈曲テスト：肘部管症候群 SOR.391

• Patricテスト パトリックテスト：股関節を開排位にして疼痛の発現を評価する

• Phalen test ファーレンテスト：手根管症候群を診断するための誘発テスト

• Eichhoff test アイヒホッフテスト：

= Finkelstein test フィンケルシュタインテスト

• impingement test インピンジメントテスト：インピンジメント徴候が局所麻酔薬の肩峰下滑液包内注入により陰性化する場合、インピンジメントテスト陽性という

• アキレス腱断裂

• Simmondsテスト
• Thompsonテスト

• 腱板断裂

• 棘上筋テスト
• 外旋筋力テスト
• lift-offテスト
• belly pressテスト

• 股関節脱臼

• abduction test 開排テスト：
• Barlowテスト バーローテスト

• 半月板損傷

• McMurray test マクマレーテスト
• Apley test アプリーテスト

• 十字靭帯損傷

• Lachman test

産婦人科

• Rubinテスト ルビンテスト：女性不妊症(卵管因子)の検査。子宮腔に炭酸ガスを注入し卵管の開通性をテストする

「膝関節」

　　[★]

英

knee joint (K)

関

関節

関節の種類

• 蝶番関節ではない。回転の軸がうごくから　　→　　蝶番滑走関節

診察

• 膝安定性のテスト

• 前方：前十字靭帯損傷のテスト

• ラックマンテスト Lachman test
• 軸移動テスト Pivot-shift test
• 前方引き出しテスト anterior drawer test

• 後方

• 後方引き出しテスト posterior drawer test
• 脛骨後方落ち込み徴候 tibial posterior sag sign

• 内外側

• valgus stress test
• varus stress test

• 半月損傷

• McMurray test

• 膝蓋関節障害

• 脱臼不安感テスト apprehension test

検査

単純X線検査

• Rosenberg撮影：変形性関節症
• 顆間窩撮影：離断性骨軟骨炎
• 多角連続撮影：膝蓋不安定性がある場合

膝関節の疾患

SOR.566

• 変形

• 反張膝
• 内反膝
• 外反膝
• ブラント病 Blount病
• 大腿四頭筋拘縮症

• 離断性骨軟骨炎
• Osgood-Schlatter病
• Sinding Larsen-Hohansson病
• ジャンパー膝
• ランナー膝
• 有痛性分裂膝蓋骨

「後方引き出しテスト」

　　[★]

同

posterior drawer test

関

後十字靭帯損傷、後十字靭帯

「draw」

　　[★]

(p)drew-(pp)drawn

• vt.

• 引く、非パル、牽引する
• (物を)引き抜く、抜き取る
• つるべでくみ上げる。(容器から液体を)出す。～から排水する。(血、膿などを)出させる、取る、(医)(パップなどが)吸い出す、(化膿を)促す

関

derive、educe、elicit、pull、subtract

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「testing」

　　[★]

• n.

• 試験

関

assessment、data quality、exam、examination、examine、experimental design、matched group、measurement、research design、scoring method、test、trial

　 　

「posterior」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 後側の、後方の、後の

関

after、afterward、afterwards、backward、behind、following、late、post、posteriorly、subsequent

　 　

「test」

　　[★] テスト