WordNet

a disorder of eating seen among young women who go on eating binges and then feel guilt and depression and self-condemnation (同)binge-eating syndrome
pathologically insatiable hunger (especially when caused by brain lesions)
suffering from bulimia
a person suffering from bulimia

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/23 20:03:11」(JST)

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Polyphagia or hyperphagia is excessive hunger or increased appetite.^[1] It derives from the Greek words πολύς (polys) which means "very much" or "many", and φαγῶ (phago) meaning "eating" or "devouring".

In medicine

In medicine, polyphagia (sometimes known as hyperphagia) is a medical sign meaning excessive hunger and abnormally large intake of solids by mouth. It can be caused by disorders such as diabetes, Kleine–Levin syndrome (a malfunction in the hypothalamus), and the genetic disorders Prader–Willi syndrome and Bardet–Biedl syndrome.^[2]

Causes

Causes of increased appetite include:^[3]

Anxiety
Depression
Certain drugs
Diabetes mellitus
Hyperthyroidism
Hypoglycemia
Premenstrual syndrome
Prader-Willi syndrome
Bulimia
Graves' disease

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Polyphagia usually occurs early in the course of diabetic ketoacidosis.^[4] However, once insulin deficiency becomes more severe and ketoacidosis develops, appetite is suppressed.^[5]

References

^ Berthoud HR, Lenard NR, Shin AC (2011). "Food reward, hyperphagia, and obesity.". Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 300 (6): R1266–77. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00028.2011. PMC 3119156. PMID 21411768.
^ OMIM::Prader-WilliOMIM::Bardet-Biedl
^ Updated by: Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director and Director of Didactic Curriculum, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, Department of Family Medicine, UW Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Also reviewed David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. "Appetite - increased". nih.gov.
^ Elliott RE, Jane JA, Wisoff JH (2011). "Surgical management of craniopharyngiomas in children: meta-analysis and comparison of transcranial and transsphenoidal approaches.". Neurosurgery 69 (3): 630–43; discussion 643. doi:10.1227/NEU.0b013e31821a872d. PMID 21499159.
^ Masuzaki H, Tanaka T, Ebihara K, Hosoda K, Nakao K (2009). "Hypothalamic melanocortin signaling and leptin resistance--perspective of therapeutic application for obesity-diabetes syndrome.". Peptides 30 (7): 1383–6. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2009.04.008. PMID 19394382.

External links

Diseases and conditions associated with Polyphagia

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1. 小児における糖尿病性ケトアシドーシスの臨床的特徴、および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis in children
2. 症例のミニセッション＃4：代謝性アシドーシス mini case session 4 metabolic acidosis
3. 小児におけるエタノール中毒：臨床的特徴、評価、およびマネージメント ethanol intoxication in children clinical features evaluation and management
4. 小児および思春期におけるサリチル酸中毒 salicylate poisoning in children and adolescents
5. 救急外来における呼吸困難の成人の評価 evaluation of the adult with dyspnea in the emergency department

English Journal

Intestinal epithelial cells promote secretion of leptin and adiponectin in adipocytes.

Ishihara R1, Mizuno Y1, Miwa A1, Hamada A1, Tsuruta T2, Wabitsch M3, Sonoyama K4.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications.Biochem Biophys Res Commun.2015 Mar 6;458(2):362-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.118. Epub 2015 Feb 3.
Although leptin and adiponectin are the predominant adipokines, how their circulating levels are regulated is incompletely understood. The present study tested whether intestinal epithelial cells influence the expression and secretion of these adipokines by adipocytes. Leptin gene expression and sec
PMID 25656573

Peripheral oxytocin activates vagal afferent neurons to suppress feeding in normal and leptin-resistant mice: a route for ameliorating hyperphagia and obesity.

Iwasaki Y1, Maejima Y1, Suyama S1, Yoshida M2, Arai T1, Katsurada K1, Kumari P1, Nakabayashi H3, Kakei M2, Yada T4.
American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol.2015 Mar 1;308(5):R360-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00344.2014. Epub 2014 Dec 24.
Oxytocin (Oxt), a neuropeptide produced in the hypothalamus, is implicated in regulation of feeding. Recent studies have shown that peripheral administration of Oxt suppresses feeding and, when infused subchronically, ameliorates hyperphagic obesity. However, the route through which peripheral Oxt i
PMID 25540101

GLP-1-oestrogen attenuates hyperphagia and protects from beta cell failure in diabetes-prone New Zealand obese (NZO) mice.

Schwenk RW1, Baumeier C, Finan B, Kluth O, Brauer C, Joost HG, DiMarchi RD, Tschöp MH, Schürmann A.
Diabetologia.Diabetologia.2015 Mar;58(3):604-14. doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3478-3. Epub 2014 Dec 20.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Oestrogens have previously been shown to exert beta cell protective, glucose-lowering effects in mouse models. Therefore, the recent development of a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-oestrogen conjugate, which targets oestrogen into cells expressing GLP-1 receptors, offers an opportu
PMID 25527001

Japanese Journal

Monosodium glutamateによって誘発された肥満マウスの2型糖尿病の特徴

NAGATA Mitsunobu,SUZUKI Wataru,IIZUKA Seiichi,TABUCHI Masahiro,MARUYAMA Hirofumi,TAKEDA Shuichi,ABURADA Masaki,MIYAMOTO Ken-ichi
Experimental animals 55(2), 109-115, 2006-04-01
… Both female and male mice were observed to be obese but had no polyphagia, and were glycosuric by 29 weeks of age, with males having an especially high rate of incidence (70.0%). … From the above results, these mice are considered to be useful as new experimental model animals developing a high rate of obese type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus without polyphagia. …
NAID 10018114675

A Boy Who Had to Abandon GH Therapy Because of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Accelerated by a Large Amount of Soft Drinks and Central Polyphagia after Surgery for Craniopharyngioma

YOKOTA Yukifumi,TAKUBO Noriyuki,KAZAHARI Kouji,KAZAHARI Mayumi,OHTSU Shigeyuki,MATSUURA Nobuo
Clinical pediatric endocrinology 11, 61-64, 2002-12-01
NAID 10012672465