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a chemical substance derivable from a mold or bacterium that can kill microorganisms and cure bacterial infections; "when antibiotics were first discovered they were called wonder drugs" (同)antibiotic drug
of or relating to antibiotic drugs

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抗生物質(ペニシリン,ストレプトマイシンなど) / 抗生[物質]の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/03/26 16:14:39」(JST)

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Cycloheptatriene is an archetypal triene.

Polyenes are poly-unsaturated organic compounds that contain at least three alternating double and single carbon–carbon bonds. These carbon–carbon double bonds interact in a process known as conjugation. Related to polyenes are dienes, where there are only two alternating double and single bonds. Other related class of compounds have three or more double bonds, but they are not alternating with single bonds.

Optical properties

Polyenes are notable because they can be brightly colored, an otherwise rare property for a hydrocarbon. Normal alkenes absorb in the ultraviolet region of a spectrum, but the absorption energy state of polyenes with numerous conjugated double bonds can be lowered such that they enter the visible region of the spectrum, resulting in compounds which are coloured. Thus many natural dyes contain linear polyenes, e.g. beta-carotene, which is yellow to orange coloured depending on concentration,

Some fatty acids are polyenes, and another class of impotent polyenes are polyene antimycotics,^[1]

Representative Polyenes
Amphotericin B is an example of a polyene antifungal (antimycotic) agent.^[2]
Leukotriene A4 is a regulator of the immune response.
Retinal is the chemical basis of animal vision..
Beta-carotine is red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruits, notably carrots.
Polyacetylenes are a synthetic polymer of theoretical interest because they exhibit metallic properties upon oxidation.^[3]

In organometallic chemistry polyenes are attached to metal complexes and can be altered through addition to pi ligands.

References

^ NCBI Bookshelf (1996). "Polyene Antifungal Drugs". The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
^ Torrado, J. J.; Espada, R.; Ballesteros, M. P.; Torrado-Santiago, S. "Amphotericin B formulations and drug targeting" Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2008, volume 97, pp. 2405-2425. doi:10.1002/jps.21179
^ Lam, Jacky W. Y.; Tang, Ben Zhong "Functional Polyacetylenes" Accounts of Chemical Research 2005, volume 38, pp. 745-754. doi:10.1021/ar040012f

UpToDate Contents

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1. 抗真菌剤感受性試験 antifungal susceptibility testing
2. 造血細胞移植レシピエントにおける感染予防 prevention of infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients
3. 造血細胞移植を受けた血液悪性腫瘍成人患者（高リスクの患者）における発熱性好中球減少症候群の治療 treatment of neutropenic fever syndromes in adults with hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients high risk patients
4. 成人におけるカンジダ菌血症および侵襲性カンジダ症 treatment of candidemia and invasive candidiasis in adults
5. 侵襲性アスペルギルス症の治療および予防 treatment and prevention of invasive aspergillosis

English Journal

Magnetic nanoparticles as a drug delivery system that enhance fungicidal activity of polyene antibiotics.

Niemirowicz K1, Durnaś B2, Tokajuk G3, Głuszek K2, Wilczewska AZ4, Misztalewska I4, Mystkowska J5, Michalak G1, Sodo A6, Wątek M2, Kiziewicz B7, Góźdź S2, Głuszek S8, Bucki R9.
Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine.Nanomedicine.2016 Jul 25. pii: S1549-9634(16)30096-X. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.07.006. [Epub ahead of print]
This study was designed to assess the antifungal/anti-biofilm and hemolytic properties of two polyene antibiotics, amphotericin B (AMF) and nystatin (NYS), attached to the surface of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) against clinical isolates of Candida species and human red blood cells, respectively. Th
PMID 27464757

Stereochemical Assignment and Biological Evaluation of BE-14106 Unveils the Importance of One Acetate Unit for the Antifungal Activity of Polyene Macrolactams.

Fujita K1, Sugiyama R1, Nishimura S1, Ishikawa N2, Arai MA2, Ishibashi M2, Kakeya H1.
Journal of natural products.J Nat Prod.2016 Jul 22;79(7):1877-80. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00250. Epub 2016 Jun 22.
Heronamides are a class of potent antifungal metabolites produced by marine-derived actinomycetes. The number of hydroxy groups and the stereochemistry of the two hydroxylated methine carbons are important for the activity of heronamide C, whereas the effect of the hydrocarbon chains is not known. I
PMID 27331864

Crystal structure of SgcJ, an NTF2-like superfamily protein involved in biosynthesis of the nine-membered enediyne antitumor antibiotic C-1027.

Huang T1, Chang CY1, Lohman JR1, Rudolf JD1, Kim Y2,3,4, Chang C3,4, Yang D1, Ma M1, Yan X1, Crnovcic I1, Bigelow L4, Clancy S4, Bingman CA5, Yennamalli RM6, Babnigg G2,4, Joachimiak A2,3,4, Phillips GN6, Shen B1,7,8.
The Journal of antibiotics.J Antibiot (Tokyo).2016 Jul 13. doi: 10.1038/ja.2016.88. [Epub ahead of print]
Comparative analysis of the enediyne biosynthetic gene clusters revealed sets of conserved genes serving as outstanding candidates for the enediyne core. Here we report the crystal structures of SgcJ and its homologue NCS-Orf16, together with gene inactivation and site-directed mutagenesis studies,
PMID 27406907

Japanese Journal

Identification of micromonolactam, a new polyene macrocyclic lactam from two marine Micromonospora strains using chemical and molecular methods : clarification of the biosynthetic pathway from a glutamate starter unit